Roger W. Byard

Bio: Roger W. Byard is an academic researcher from University of Adelaide. The author has contributed to research in topics: Poison control & Sudden death. The author has an hindex of 54, co-authored 1002 publications receiving 16437 citations. Previous affiliations of Roger W. Byard include Royal Children's Hospital & University of California, San Diego.

Sudden infant death syndrome and unclassified sudden infant deaths: a definitional and diagnostic approach.

Abstract: The definition of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) originally appeared in 1969 and was modified 2 decades later. During the following 15 years, an enormous amount of additional information has emerged, justifying additional refinement of the definition of SIDS to incorporate epidemiologic features, risk factors, pathologic features, and ancillary test findings. An expert panel of pediatric and forensic pathologists and pediatricians considered these issues and developed a new general definition of SIDS for administrative and vital statistics purposes. The new definition was then stratified to facilitate research into sudden infant death. Another category, defined as unclassified sudden infant deaths, was introduced for cases that do not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of SIDS and for which alternative diagnoses of natural or unnatural conditions were equivocal. It is anticipated that these new definitions will be modified in the future to accommodate new understanding of SIDS and sudden infant death.

Milk growth factors enriched from cheese whey ameliorate intestinal damage by methotrexate when administered orally to rats

Abstract: Currently, there are no truly effective therapies for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis, a debilitating side effect with a pathophysiology common to many chemotherapy regimens. We tested the efficacy of a growth factor extract derived from cheese whey against experimental intestinal mucositis in rats. Rats were subcutaneously injected with the chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate on d 1, 2 and 3 to induce severe damage in the small bowel and bacterial translocation across the gut. Whey extract (15 to 514 mg/d) was given orally for 5-12 d, starting on d 1. Controls were fed an isonitrogenous diet. Histological indices of villus and crypt integrity were utilized to assess potential efficacy of the extract. Administration of the whey extract for 5 d increased the villus surface length indices in the jejunum and ileum by 52% and 56%, respectively (P< 0.001) compared with controls not receiving the whey extract. The crypt area index was 64% greater (P < 0.001) in the jejunum, but not significantly greater in the duodenum or ileum compared with controls not receiving whey extract. Similarly, sucrase activity was significantly higher in the ileum (P < 0.001) but not significantly elevated in the jejunum, whereas bacterial translocation (incidence and number of colonies) was significantly reduced compared with controls not receiving whey extract. We conclude that oral whey growth factor extract reduces methotrexate-induced damage in the small bowel, which suggests clinical applications for the treatment of intestinal mucositis.

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Abstract: The 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine welcomes Anthony Fauci to its editorial staff, in addition to more than 85 new contributors. While the organization of the book is similar to previous editions, major emphasis has been placed on disorders that affect multiple organ systems. Important advances in genetics, immunology, and oncology are emphasized. Many chapters of the book have been rewritten and describe major advances in internal medicine. Subjects that received only a paragraph or two of attention in previous editions are now covered in entire chapters. Among the chapters that have been extensively revised are the chapters on infections in the compromised host, on skin rashes in infections, on many of the viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, on sexually transmitted diseases, on diabetes mellitus, on disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and on lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The major revisions in these chapters and many

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Abstract: Author(s): Writing Group Members; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Benjamin, Emelia J; Go, Alan S; Arnett, Donna K; Blaha, Michael J; Cushman, Mary; Das, Sandeep R; de Ferranti, Sarah; Despres, Jean-Pierre; Fullerton, Heather J; Howard, Virginia J; Huffman, Mark D; Isasi, Carmen R; Jimenez, Monik C; Judd, Suzanne E; Kissela, Brett M; Lichtman, Judith H; Lisabeth, Lynda D; Liu, Simin; Mackey, Rachel H; Magid, David J; McGuire, Darren K; Mohler, Emile R; Moy, Claudia S; Muntner, Paul; Mussolino, Michael E; Nasir, Khurram; Neumar, Robert W; Nichol, Graham; Palaniappan, Latha; Pandey, Dilip K; Reeves, Mathew J; Rodriguez, Carlos J; Rosamond, Wayne; Sorlie, Paul D; Stein, Joel; Towfighi, Amytis; Turan, Tanya N; Virani, Salim S; Woo, Daniel; Yeh, Robert W; Turner, Melanie B; American Heart Association Statistics Committee; Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: The Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC)

Abstract: ACC : American College of Cardiology ACE : angiotensin-converting enzyme ACS : acute coronary syndrome AF : atrial fibrillation AGNES : Arrhythmia Genetics in the Netherlands AHA : American Heart Association AMIOVIRT : AMIOdarone Versus Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: