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Ronald Bulkley

Bio: Ronald Bulkley is an academic researcher. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 2 publications receiving 893 citations.

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the effect of konsistenzbestimmung durch Benutzung dieser Gleichung, der das verwendbare Werte fur alle praktischen Stromungsgeschwindigkeiten liefert and das sie die Notwendigekeit, sehr hohe Drucke anzuwenden, vermeidet.
Abstract: 1. Von den Gleichungen, die die Stromung durch eine Kapillarrohre ausdrucken, ist $$\frac{{d^4 (P - k)^n }}{{Lq}} = 1$$ die fur Losungen von Rohgummi in Benzol bis zu einer Konzentration von 1,2 Proz. am besten anwendbare. 2. Die Methode der Konsistenzbestimmung durch Benutzung dieser Gleichung hat den Vorteil, das sie verwendbare Werte fur alle praktischen Stromungsgeschwindigkeiten liefert und das sie die Notwendigkeit, sehr hohe Drucke anzuwenden, vermeidet. 3. Die Vermeidung der hohen Drucke gestattet die Verwendung einer einfacheren Versuchsanordnung und vermindert den Fehler, der durch die Unsicherheit in der Anwendung der kinetischen Energiekorrektion verursacht wird. Es wurde dies also moglich machen, das Ostwald-Viskosimeter zu benutzen bei masigen auseren Drucken, ohne Gefahr zu laufen, am Ende einer Messung Luft durch die Kapillare zu blasen. 4. Bei der Benutzung des logarithmischen Stromung-Druckdiagramms konnen genauere Uebereinstimmungen fur Kapillaren verschiedener Dimensionen erhalten werden als bei Bestimmung von Scherungsmodul, Steifigkeit oder Beweglichkeit. 5. Die Materialkonstanten n und I werden aus der logarithmischen Kurve erhalten und nehmen beide mit der Konzentration zu. Verglichen mit Scherungsmodul und Bewegliċhkeit haben diese beiden Konstanten den Vorteil, das sie beide die Stromung in demselben Sinne beeinflussen, also grosere Plastizitat eines Stoffes grosere Werte fur n und I bedingen wurde. 6. K verschwindet bei grosen Kapillaren und geringen Konzentrationen oder ist zu klein, um ermittelt zu werden. Wenn K jedoch bestimmbar ist, wachst sein Wert mit Abnahme des Kapillarendurchmessers. K selbst ist keine Materialkonstante, aber weitere Untersuchungen sollen zeigen, das aus ihm eine dritte Konstante berechnet werden kann.

1,067 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The ability to pattern materials in 3D shapes without the need for expensive tooling, dies, or lithographic masks is critical for composites, microfluidics, photonics, and tissue engineering as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The ability to pattern materials in three dimensions is critical for several technological applications, including composites, microfluidics, photonics, and tissue engineering. Direct-write assembly allows one to design and rapidly fabricate materials in complex 3D shapes without the need for expensive tooling, dies, or lithographic masks. Here, recent advances in direct ink writing are reviewed with an emphasis on the push towards finer feature sizes. Opportunities and challenges associated with direct ink writing are also highlighted.

1,226 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Dec 2016-Nature
TL;DR: The expanding range of printable materials, coupled with the ability to programmably control their composition and architecture across various length scales, is driving innovation in myriad applications.
Abstract: Light- and ink-based three-dimensional (3D) printing methods allow the rapid design and fabrication of materials without the need for expensive tooling, dies or lithographic masks. They have led to an era of manufacturing in which computers can control the fabrication of soft matter that has tunable mechanical, electrical and other functional properties. The expanding range of printable materials, coupled with the ability to programmably control their composition and architecture across various length scales, is driving innovation in myriad applications. This is illustrated by examples of biologically inspired composites, shape-morphing systems, soft sensors and robotics that only additive manufacturing can produce.

1,054 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the rheology of suspensions of monodisperse particles of varying aspect ratios, from oblate to prolate, and covering particle volume fractions from dilute to highly concentrated.
Abstract: We present data for the rheology of suspensions of monodisperse particles of varying aspect ratio, from oblate to prolate, and covering particle volume fractions from dilute to highly concentrated....

743 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, both droplet-and filament-based direct ink writing (DIW) techniques are presented, and various ink designs and their corresponding rheological behavior, ink deposition mechanics, potential shapes and the toolpaths required.
Abstract: The ability to pattern ceramic materials in three dimensions (3D) is critical for structural, functional, and biomedical applications. One facile approach is direct ink writing (DIW), in which 3D structures are built layer-by-layer through the deposition of colloidal- or polymer-based inks. This approach allows one to design and rapidly fabricate ceramic materials in complex 3D shapes without the need for expensive tooling, dies, or lithographic masks. In this feature article, we present both droplet- and filament-based DIW techniques. We focus on the various ink designs and their corresponding rheological behavior, ink deposition mechanics, potential shapes and the toolpaths required, and representative examples of 3D ceramic structures assembled by each technique. The opportunities and challenges associated with DIW are also highlighted.

637 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
14 Jun 2002-Langmuir
TL;DR: In this article, concentrated colloidal gels with tailored visco-elastic properties were designed to form self-supporting periodic structures via directed assembly of colloidal inks.
Abstract: Mesoscale periodic structures have been fabricated via directed assembly of colloidal inks. Concentrated colloidal gels with tailored viscoelastic properties were designed to form self-supporting f...

633 citations