Showing papers by "Ronald Klein published in 1985"
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of characteristics which may be related to this problem in a population-based sample of diabetic persons was conducted and the authors found that the prevalence of surgical aphakia and cataract increased with increasing age in both younger and older onset diabetic persons.
254 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that with proper training ophthalmoscopy can be an acceptable alternative to fundus photography in certain situations and in eyes with less severe forms of retinopathy.
251 citations
TL;DR: Data suggest that 45 degrees nonstereoscopic fundus photographs, when graded according to a standard classification scheme, provide reasonably reliable photographic representation of the severity of retinopathy when broad overall categories are used.
250 citations
TL;DR: Sera auto-antibodies have been shown to react with cell lines derived from small-cell carcinoma, suggesting that an autoimmune response may be triggered by the tumour.
146 citations
TL;DR: The relative importance of duration of diabetes before and after 13 yr of age as a risk factor for retinopathy was investigated using data from 200 persons who were younger than 26 yr ofAge.
Abstract: The relative importance of duration of diabetes before and after 13 yr of age as a risk factor for retinopathy was investigated using data from 200 persons who were younger than 26 yr of age. These persons were identified in a population-based study of diabetic retinopathy in southern Wisconsin in 1980-1982. Retinopathy was found in 9% of persons who were younger than 13 yr and in 34% of persons who were 13 yr or older and had been diagnosed at or after 13 yr. Presence of retinopathy was more strongly associated with the duration of diabetes after 13 yr of age than before it.
119 citations
TL;DR: A new system using stereoscopic fundus photographs for quantitating optic disc cupping from these photographs shows a high degree of inter- and intra-observer reliability, and are inexpensive in time and materials to perform.
71 citations
TL;DR: In a population-based survey of diabetic persons, retinopathy was detected by stereoscopic color fundus photography in 70% of persons under 30 years of age at diagnosis and taking insulin (Group YO), in 62% of Persons 30 yearsof age or older at Diagnosis and taking Insulin (Group OO-I) and in 36% of people 30 years and older at diagnosis not taking insulin.
Abstract: In a population-based survey of diabetic persons, retinopathy was detected by stereoscopic color fundus photography in 70% of persons under 30 years of age at diagnosis and taking insulin (Group YO), in 62% of persons 30 years of age or older at diagnosis and taking insulin (Group 00-I) and in 36% of persons 30 years of age or older at diagnosis not taking insulin (Group 00-N). The mean duration of known diabetes was 14.6 years in Group YO, 11.0 years in Group 00-I and 6.9 years in Group 00-N. After 20 years of diabetes, proliferative retinopathy was present in about 50% of Group YO, about 25% of Group 00-I and about 5% of Group 00-N. After 15 years of diabetes, macular edema was present in about 18% of Group YO, about 20% of Group 00-I and about 12% of Group 00-N.
63 citations
TL;DR: Overall retinopathy severity level for each eye ranging from normal (level 10) to high-risk category (level 70) was assigned on the basis of gradings of individual lesions, mainly retinal infarcts and intraretinal microvascular abnormalities.
Abstract: A major goal of the study was to assess the methodologies available for the quantification of retinal lesions suitable for application in trials of metabolic management. We describe the methods used for grading stereoscopic color fundus photographs. Overall retinopathy severity level for each eye ranging from normal (level 10) to high-risk category (level 70) was assigned on the basis of gradings of individual lesions. Change in retinopathy severity level over the 8-mo period was detected in 3-62% of patients, depending on the method used and the definition of change. Lesions responsible for change in level were mainly retinal infarcts (soft exudates) and intraretinal microvascular abnormalities.
42 citations
TL;DR: Older age at examination, presence of proteinuria, larger body mass, gender, and longer duration of diabetes were significantly associated with higher systolic blood pressure.
Abstract: Blood pressure was measured in a population-based study of diabetic retinopathy in southern Wisconsin. Persons diagnosed prior to 30 years of age and taking insulin (younger onset, n = 996) and those diagnosed at 30 years of age or older (older onset, n = 1,370) were examined. Blood pressures were measured by a standard protocol using a random-zero sphygmomanometer. In both groups of patients, systolic blood pressure increased with increasing age and tended to be higher in older onset than younger onset persons. Hypertension was present in 21.9% of the younger and 58.1% of the older onset group. Older age at examination, presence of proteinuria, larger body mass, gender, and longer duration of diabetes were significantly associated with higher systolic blood pressure.
40 citations
TL;DR: In a population-based study of the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy in southern Wisconsin, 1210 insulin-taking persons who were diagnosed to have diabetes before 30 yr of age and who were receiving primary medical care in the area were identified in 1979–80.
Abstract: In a population-based study of the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy in southern Wisconsin, 1210 insulin-taking persons who were diagnosed to have diabetes before 30 yr of age and who were receiving primary medical care in the area were identified in 1979-80. From 1980 to 1982, 996 patients were examined. Fundus photographs revealed that 72% of diabetic women and 69% of diabetic men had retinopathy. More men (12%) than women (7%) had severe proliferative retinopathy. Longer duration of diabetes, higher glycosylated hemoglobin, older age at examination, higher diastolic blood pressure, male gender, and presence of proteinuria all contributed significantly to describing increasing severity of retinopathy.
29 citations