scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Author

Ronnie L. Doud

Bio: Ronnie L. Doud is an academic researcher from University of North Texas Health Science Center. The author has contributed to research in topics: Neutrophil extracellular traps & Innate immune system. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 1 citations.

Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
04 Jun 2021-Vaccine
TL;DR: In this article, the role of the innate immune system at play with other important modifiers in SARS-CoV-2 infection was discussed, including pre-existing co-morbidities, genetic risks, viral pathogenicity, and therapeutic efficacy.

7 citations


Cited by
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a non-polarized profile of COVID-19 patients was found to have abnormal cytokine levels upon T cell stimulation, and this hyperactive cytokine response is associated with a significantly increased frequency of late differentiated T cells with particular phenotype of effector exhausted/senescent CD28 -CD57 + cells.
Abstract: COVID-19 can progress to severe pneumonia with respiratory failure and is aggravated by the deregulation of the immune system causing an excessive inflammation including the cytokine storm. We herein report that severe acutely infected patients have high levels of both type-1 and type-2 cytokines. Our results show abnormal cytokine levels upon T cell stimulation, in a non-polarized profile. Furthermore, our findings indicate that this hyperactive cytokine response is associated with a significantly increased frequency of late-differentiated T cells with particular phenotype of effector exhausted/senescent CD28 -CD57 + cells. Interestingly, we demonstrated for the first time an increased frequency of CD3 +CD4 +CD28 -CD57 + T cells with expression of programmed death 1 (PD-1), one of the hallmarks of T cell exhaustion. These findings reveal that COVID-19 is associated with acute immunodeficiency, especially within the CD4 + T cell compartment and points to possible mechanisms of loss of clonal repertoire and susceptibility to viral relapse and reinfection events.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Rosario López-Rodríguez, Marta Del Pozo-Valero, Marta Corton, Pablo Minguez, Javier Ruiz-Hornillos, M. E. Pérez-Tomás, María Barreda-Sánchez, Esther Mancebo, Cristina Villaverde, Gonzalo Núñez-Moreno, R. Romero, Lidia Fernández-Caballero, Ruth Fernández Sanchez, Inés García Vara, Laura Marzal Gordo, Andrea Martínez-Ramas, Lorena Ondo, Miguel Górgolas, Alfonso Cabello, Germán Peces Barba, Sarah Heili, Cesar Calvo, M. Rios, Arnoldo Santos, Olga Sánchez-Pernaute, Lucía Llanos, Sandra Zazo, Federico Rojo, Felipe Villar, Raimundo de Andrés, Ignacio J. Alfaro, Ignacio Gadea, Celia Perales, Yolanda Cañadas Juárez, Ignacio Mahillo, Antonio Herrero, Juan Carlos Taracido, Elisa García-Vázquez, Rubén Jara-Rubio, José Antonio Pons-Miñano, J. M. Marín-Martínez, M T Herranz-Marín, Enrique Bernal-Morell, Josefina García-García, Juan de Dios Gonzalez Caballero, M. D. Chirlaque-López, A. Minguela-Puras, Manuel Muro-Amador, Antonio Moreno-Docón, Genoveva Yagüe-Guirao, Jose-Maria Abellan-Perpiñan, Jorge-Eduardo Martínez-Pérez, Fernando Ignacio Sánchez-Martínez, Alberto Utrero-Rico, Mario Fernández-Ruiz, Octavio Carretero, José María Aguado, Rocío Laguna-Goya, Angel Cosme Jiménez, María Abián, M. Salmones, Lidia Gagliardi Alarcon, María Rubio Oliveira, Carlos Fabian Castaño Romero, Carlos Aranda Cosgaya, Virginia Palomares, Leticia Garcia Rodriguez, María Sánchez-Carpintero Abad, Maximiliano Garcia Torrejon, Estela Paz-Artal, Encarna Guillén-Navarro, Berta Almoguera, Carmen Ayuso 
TL;DR: In this article , the authors report the presence of rare genetic variants in certain genes, by using whole exome sequencing, in a selected group of COVID-19 patients under 65 years who required intubation or resulting in death (n = 44).
Abstract: Rare variants affecting host defense against pathogens could be involved in COVID-19 severity and may help explain fatal outcomes in young and middle-aged patients. Our aim was to report the presence of rare genetic variants in certain genes, by using whole exome sequencing, in a selected group of COVID-19 patients under 65 years who required intubation or resulting in death (n = 44). To this end, different etiopathogenic mechanisms were explored using gene prioritization-based analysis in which genes involved in immune response, immunodeficiencies or blood coagulation were studied. We detected 44 different variants of interest, in 29 different patients (66%). Some of these variants were previously described as pathogenic and were located in genes mainly involved in immune response. A network analysis, including the 42 genes with candidate variants, showed three main components, consisting of 25 highly interconnected genes related to immune response and two additional networks composed by genes enriched in carbohydrate metabolism and in DNA metabolism and repair processes. In conclusion, we have detected candidate variants that may potentially influence COVID-19 outcome in our cohort of patients. Further studies are needed to confirm the ultimate role of the genetic variants described in the present study on COVID-19 severity.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2022-Vaccines
TL;DR: The mechanisms of immune response to various types of vaccines (nucleoside-modified, adenovirus-vectored, inactivated virus vaccines and recombinant protein adjuvanted formulations) are discussed and specific aspects of vaccination in selected patient populations with altered immune activity are discussed.
Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is associated with a robust immune response. The development of systemic inflammation leads to a hyperinflammatory state due to cytokine release syndrome during severe COVID-19. The emergence of many new SARS-CoV-2 variants across the world deteriorates the protective antiviral immunity induced after infection or vaccination. The innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for determining the fate of COVID-19 symptomatology. T cell-mediated immunity is the main factor of the antiviral immune response; moreover, SARS-CoV-2 infection initiates a rapid B-cell response. In this paper, we present the current state of knowledge on immunity after COVID-19 infection and vaccination. We discuss the mechanisms of immune response to various types of vaccines (nucleoside-modified, adenovirus-vectored, inactivated virus vaccines and recombinant protein adjuvanted formulations). This includes specific aspects of vaccination in selected patient populations with altered immune activity (the elderly, children, pregnant women, solid organ transplant recipients, patients with systemic rheumatic diseases or malignancies). We also present diagnostic and research tools available to study the anti-SARS-CoV-2 cellular and humoral immune responses.

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Four patients with active disease that required adjustment of treatment during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic are reported to discuss the use of immunosuppressants and immunobiologics, weighing potential risks and benefits of each therapy modality and vaccination status.
Abstract: Autoimmune blistering diseases comprise a rare group of potentially life-threatening dermatoses. Management of autoimmune disorders poses a challenge in terms of achieving disease control and preventing adverse events. Treatment often requires an individualized approach considering disease severity, age, comorbidities, and infectious risk especially in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection is still evolving and no specific antiviral therapy is available yet. We report four patients with active disease that required adjustment of treatment during the pandemic to discuss the use of immunosuppressants and immunobiologics, weighing potential risks and benefits of each therapy modality and vaccination status.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the effects of Nerium oleander extract PBI and oleandrin on the immune system were evaluated in a human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to document effects under three different culture conditions: normal, challenged with the viral mimetic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid Poly I:C, and inflamed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Abstract: The Nerium oleander extract PBI 05204 (PBI) and its cardiac glycoside constituent oleandrin have direct anti-viral properties. Their effect on the immune system, however, is largely unknown. We used an in vitro model of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to document effects under three different culture conditions: normal, challenged with the viral mimetic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid Poly I:C, and inflamed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cells were evaluated for immune activation marks CD69, CD25, and CD107a, and culture supernatants were tested for cytokines. Both PBI and oleandrin directly activated Natural Killer (NK) cells and monocytes and triggered increased production of cytokines. Under viral mimetic challenge, PBI and oleandrin enhanced the Poly I:C-mediated immune activation of monocytes and NK cells and enhanced production of IFN-γ. Under inflammatory conditions, many cytokines were controlled at similar levels as in cultures treated with PBI and oleandrin without inflammation. PBI triggered higher levels of some cytokines than oleandrin. Both products increased T cell cytotoxic attack on malignant target cells, strongest by PBI. The results show that PBI and oleandrin directly activate innate immune cells, enhance anti-viral immune responses through NK cell activation and IFN-γ levels, and modulate immune responses under inflamed conditions. The potential clinical impact of these activities is discussed.