Rosa Cerros-Tlatilpa

Bio: Rosa Cerros-Tlatilpa is an academic researcher from Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. The author has contributed to research in topics: Chloridoideae & Monophyly. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 25 publications receiving 190 citations. Previous affiliations of Rosa Cerros-Tlatilpa include Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden.

Phylogenetics of Chloridoideae (Gramineae): a Preliminary Study Based on Nuclear Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer and Chloroplast trnL–F Sequences

Abstract: The phylogeny of Chloridoideae (Gramineae) was inferred from parsimony analyses of DNA sequences from two genomes-the chloroplast tmL intron, trnL 3' exon, and trnL-F intergenic spacer, and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS 1 + 5.8S + ITS2). Eighty species representing 66 chloridoid genera were sampled, including all but four of the native New World genera. Analyses of the individual and combined data sets were performed. The phylogenies were found to be highly congruent. Of the four tribes and seven subtribes of Chloridoideae sensu Clayton and Renvoize (1986) whose phylogenetic status could be tested with our taxon sample, only Orcuttieae and Uniolinae were monophyletic. The phylogenies suggested significant homoplasy in morphological traits, including inflorescence type, number of florets per spikelet, and number of lemma nerves. We propose a new classification based on the three main clades in the phylogenies¯tribes Cynodonteae, Eragrostideae, and Zoysieae. The Eragrostideae clade is well resolved and supported and is further divided into three subtribes, Cotteinae. Eragrostidinae, and Uniolinae. Cynodonteae include most of the genera in our study, but the clade is poorly resolved. However, a clade formed of Muhlenbergia and nine other genera is present in both phylogenies and is well resolved and supported. A number of interesting, well-supported relationships are evident in the phylogenies, including Pappophorum-Tridens flavus, Tragus-Willkommia, and Gouinia-Tridens muticus-Triplasis-Vaseyochloa Except for Bouteloua, no genus represented by multiple species proved to be monophyletic in the phylogenies.

PHYLOGENETICS OF ANDROPOGONEAE (POACEAE: PANICOIDEAE) BASED ON NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER AND CHLOROPLAST trnL-F SEQUENCES

Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships among 85 species representing 35 genera in the grass tribe Andropogoneae were estimated from maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses of nuclear ITS and chloroplast trnL-F DNA sequences. Ten of the 11 subtribes recognized by Clayton and Renvoize (1986) were sampled. Independent analyses of ITS and trnL-F yielded mostly congruent, though not well resolved, topologies. Arundinella is sister to Andropogoneae in the trnL-F phylogeny and is nested within the tribe in the ITS and combined data trees. Tristachya is sister to Andropogoneae + Arundinella in the ITS phylogeny. Four clades are common to the ITS and trnL-F phylogenies and the trees from the combined data set. Clade A consists of Andrapogon, Diectomis, Hyparrhenia, Hyperthelia, and Schizachyrium. Within this clade, Andropogon distachyos, Hyparrhenia, and Hyperthelia form clade C. Clade B consists of Bothriochloa, Capillipedium, and Dichanthium, and clade D includes Chrysopogon and Vetiveria. Analysis of the combined data resulted in an unsupported larger clade comprising clades A and B plus Cymbopogon, and a sister clade of Heteropogon, Iseilema, and Themedu. This larger clade is similar to the core Andropogoneae clade previously reported (Spangler et al. 1999; Mathews et al. 2002). Based on our sample, which represents 41% of the tribe's genera, most of Clayton and Renvoize's (1986) subtribes are not monophyletic.

Phylogenetic relationships of Aristida and relatives (Poaceae, Aristidoideae) based on noncoding chloroplast (trnL-F, rpl16) and nuclear (ITS) DNA sequences

Abstract:  Premise: The cosmopolitan and ecologically important grass subfamily Aristidoideae comprises the widely distributed genus Aristida (250 – 290 species), Stipagrostis (50 species, with an African-Asian distribution), and Sartidia (fi ve species, Africa and Madagascar). The subfamily includes species with C 3 ( Sartidia and a single species of Aristida ) and C 4 photosynthetic pathways. Rigorous phylogenetic reconstructions of species relationships are required to explain the biogeographic, physiological, and ecological diversity within this subfamily.  Methods: Chloroplast ( trnL-F , rpl16 ) and nuclear (ITS) DNA sequences were obtained from 198 accessions, and the combined data set was subjected to parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference analyses. Dating analyses calibrated using previously published node ages were conducted to determine the ages of major radiations.  Results: The C 3 Sartidia is sister to a monophyletic Stipagrostis , and the ( Sartidia , Stipagrostis ) clade is sister to Aristida . Within Aristida , the only known C 3 species, A. longifolia , is sister to the remainder of the genus. Infrageneric sections of Aristida were not supported, and there are no synapomorphic morphological characters for the clades retrieved. Within Aristida , monophyletic Australian, African, North American, and South American clades are retrieved.  Conclusions: The subfamily dates back to the late Miocene, with the major lineages present by the Pliocene. With one exception, regional clades of Aristida evolved in the Pliocene. The C 3 photosynthetic pathway is hypothesized to be the pleisomorphic condition for the subfamily, wherein two independent C 4 pathways (each with unique anatomical and genetic features) evolved, one within Aristida and one in Stipagrostis .

C3 photosynthesis in Aristida longifolia: Implication for photosynthetic diversification in Aristidoideae (Poaceae).

Abstract: Only a small percentage of plant species undergo C 4 photosynthesis. Despite its rarity, the C 4 pathway has evolved numerous times from C 3 ancestors, with as many as 18 independent origins in grasses alone. We report non-Kranz (C 3 ) anatomy in Aristida longifolia , a species in a genus of ca. 300 species previously thought to possess only Kranz (C 4 ) anatomy. Leaf blade transections of A. longifolia show widely spaced vascular bundles, nonradiate chlorenchyma, and few or no chloroplasts in cells of the sheaths surrounding the vascular bundle, all features indicative of C 3 photosynthesis. Carbon isotope ratios range from – 27.68 to – 29.71%, likewise indicative of C 3 photosynthesis. We also reconstruct the phylogeny of Aristidoideae, comprising Aristida , Sartidia (C 3 ), and Stipagrostis (C 4 ), using a sample of 11 species, including A. longifolia , and DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and the chloroplast rpl16 intron and trnL – trnF region. Sartidia and Stipagrostis resolve as sisters, and sister to this clade is Aristida . Aristida longifolia resolves as sister to the remaining species in the genus. C 3 photosynthesis is hypothesized to be ancestral in Aristidoideae, which means the C 4 pathway evolved twice in the subfamily — in Stipagrostis and early in the diversifi cation of the Aristida clade.

Contribución al estudio florístico de los cerros El Sombrerito y Las Mariposas (Zoapapalotl) en el municipio de Tlayacapan, Morelos, México

Abstract: Resumen es: Se efectuo un estudio de la vegetacion y de la flora de los cerros El Sombrerito y Las Mariposas (Zoapapalotl) en el municipio de Tlayacapan, Morelos....

Accounting for calibration uncertainty in phylogenetic estimation of evolutionary divergence times

Abstract: The estimation of phylogenetic divergence times from sequence data is an important component of many molecular evolutionary studies. There is now a general appreciation that the procedure of divergence dating is considerably more complex than that initially described in the 1960s by Zuckerkandl and Pauling (1962, 1965). In particular, there has been much critical attention toward the assumption of a global molecular clock, resulting in the development of increasingly sophisticated techniques for inferring divergence times from sequence data. In response to the documentation of widespread departures from clocklike behavior, a variety of local- and relaxed-clock methods have been proposed and implemented. Local-clock methods permit different molecular clocks in different parts of the phylogenetic tree, thereby retaining the advantages of the classical molecular clock while casting off the restrictive assumption of a single, global rate of substitution (Rambaut and Bromham 1998; Yoder and Yang 2000).

A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae)

Abstract: Based on recent molecular and morphological studies we present a modern worldwide phylogenetic classification of the ± 12074 grasses and place the 771 grass genera into 12 subfamilies (Anomochlooideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, Bambusoideae, Chloridoideae, Danthonioideae, Micraioideae, Oryzoideae, Panicoideae, Pharoideae, Puelioideae, and Pooideae), 6 supertribes (Andropogonodae, Arundinarodae, Bambusodae, Panicodae, Poodae, Triticodae), 51 tribes (Ampelodesmeae, Andropogoneae, Anomochloeae, Aristideae, Arundinarieae, Arundineae, Arundinelleae, Atractocarpeae, Bambuseae, Brachyelytreae, Brachypodieae, Bromeae, Brylkinieae, Centotheceae, Centropodieae, Chasmanthieae, Cynodonteae, Cyperochloeae, Danthonieae, Diarrheneae, Ehrharteae, Eragrostideae, Eriachneae, Guaduellieae, Gynerieae, Hubbardieae, Isachneae, Littledaleeae, Lygeeae, Meliceae, Micraireae, Molinieae, Nardeae, Olyreae, Oryzeae, Paniceae, Paspaleae, Phaenospermateae, Phareae, Phyllorachideae, Poeae, Steyermarkochloeae, Stipeae, Streptochaeteae, Streptogyneae, Thysanolaeneae, Triraphideae, Tristachyideae, Triticeae, Zeugiteae, and Zoysieae), and 80 subtribes (Aeluropodinae, Agrostidinae, Airinae, Ammochloinae, Andropogoninae, Anthephorinae, Anthistiriinae, Anthoxanthinae, Arthraxoninae, Arthropogoninae, Arthrostylidiinae, Arundinariinae, Aveninae, Bambusinae, Boivinellinae, Boutelouinae, Brizinae, Buergersiochloinae, Calothecinae, Cenchrinae, Chionachninae, Chusqueinae, Coicinae, Coleanthinae, Cotteinae, Cteniinae, Cynosurinae, Dactylidinae, Dichantheliinae, Dimeriinae, Duthieinae, Eleusininae, Eragrostidinae, Farragininae, Germainiinae, Gouiniinae, Guaduinae, Gymnopogoninae, Hickeliinae, Hilariinae, Holcinae, Hordeinae, Ischaeminae, Loliinae, Melinidinae, Melocanninae, Miliinae, Monanthochloinae, Muhlenbergiinae, Neurachninae, Olyrinae, Orcuttiinae, Oryzinae, Otachyriinae, Panicinae, Pappophorinae, Parapholiinae, Parianinae, Paspalinae, Perotidinae, Phalaridinae, Poinae, Racemobambosinae, Rottboelliinae, Saccharinae, Scleropogoninae, Scolochloinae, Sesleriinae, Sorghinae, Sporobolinae, Torreyochloinae, Traginae, Trichoneurinae, Triodiinae, Tripogoninae, Tripsacinae, Triticinae, Unioliinae, Zizaniinae, and Zoysiinae). In addition, we include a radial tree illustrating the hierarchical relationships among the subtribes, tribes, and subfamilies. We use the subfamilial name, Oryzoideae, over Ehrhartoideae because the latter was initially published as a misplaced rank, and we circumscribe Molinieae to include 13 Arundinoideae genera. The subtribe Calothecinae is newly described and the tribe Littledaleeae is new at that rank.

A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications

Abstract: We present a new worldwide phylogenetic classification of 11506 grass species in 768 genera, 12 subfamilies, seven supertribes, 52 tribes, five supersubtribes, and 90 subtribes; and compare two phylogenetic classifications of the grass family published in 2015 (Soreng et al. and Kellogg). The subfamilies (in descending order based on the number of species) are Pooideae with 3968 species in 202 genera, 15 tribes, and 30 subtribes; Panicoideae with 3241 species in 247 genera, 13 tribes, and 19 subtribes; Bambusoideae with 1670 species in 125 genera, three tribes, and 15 subtribes; Chloridoideae with 1602 species in 124 genera, five tribes, and 26 subtribes; Aristidoideae with 367 species in three genera, and one tribe; Danthonioideae with 292 species in 19 genera, and one tribe; Micrairoideae with 184 species in eight genera, and three tribes; Oryzoideae with 115 species in 19 genera, four tribes, and two subtribes; Arundinoideae with 40 species in 14 genera, two tribes, and two subtribes; Pharoideae with 12 species in three genera, and one tribe; Puelioideae with 11 species in two genera, and two tribes; and the Anomochlooideae with four species in two genera, and two tribes. We also include a radial tree illustrating the hierarchical relationships among the subtribes, tribes, and subfamilies. Newly described taxa include: supertribes Melicodae and Nardodae; supersubtribes Agrostidodinae, Boutelouodinae, Gouiniodinae, Loliodinae, and Poodinae; and subtribes Echinopogoninae and Ventenatinae.

Allopolyploidy, Diversification And The Miocene Grassland Expansion

Abstract: The role of polyploidy, particularly allopolyploidy, in plant diversification is a subject of debate. Whole-genome duplications precede the origins of many major clades (e.g., angiosperms, Brassicaceae, Poaceae), suggesting that polyploidy drives diversification. However, theoretical arguments and empirical studies suggest that polyploid lineages may actually have lower speciation rates and higher extinction rates than diploid lineages. We focus here on the grass tribe Andropogoneae, an economically and ecologically important group of C4 species with a high frequency of polyploids. A phylogeny was constructed for ca. 10% of the species of the clade, based on sequences of four concatenated low-copy nuclear loci. Genetic allopolyploidy was documented using the characteristic pattern of double-labeled gene trees. At least 32% of the species sampled are the result of genetic allopolyploidy and result from 28 distinct tetraploidy events plus an additional six hexaploidy events. This number is a minimum, and the actual frequency could be considerably higher. The parental genomes of most Andropogoneae polyploids diverged in the Late Miocene coincident with the expansion of the major C4 grasslands that dominate the earth today. The well-documented whole-genome duplication in Zea mays ssp. mays occurred after the divergence of Zea and Sorghum. We find no evidence that polyploidization is followed by an increase in net diversification rate; nonetheless, allopolyploidy itself is a major mode of speciation.