Rosalind Rabin

Bio: Rosalind Rabin is an academic researcher from Erasmus University Rotterdam. The author has contributed to research in topics: EQ-5D & Public health. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 5 publications receiving 4617 citations.

EQ-5D: a measure of health status from the EuroQol Group.

Abstract: Established in 1987, the EuroQol Group initially comprised a network of international, multilingual and multidisciplinary researchers from seven centres in Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the UK. Nowadays, the Group comprises researchers from Canada, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Japan, New Zealand, Slovenia, Spain, the USA and Zimbabwe. The process of shared development and local experimentation resulted in EQ-5D, a generic measure of health status that provides a simple descriptive profile and a single index value that can be used in the clinical and economic evaluation of health care and in population health surveys. Currently, EQ-5D is being widely used in different countries by clinical researchers in a variety of clinical areas. EQ-5D is also being used by eight out of the first 10 of the top 50 pharmaceutical companies listed in the annual report of Pharma Business (November/December 1999). Furthermore, EQ-5D is one of the handful of measures recommended for use in cost-effectiveness analyses by the Washington Panel on Cost Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. EQ-5D has now been translated into most major languages with the EuroQol Group closely monitoring the process.

The Measurement and Valuation of Health Status Using EQ-5D: A European Perspective

Abstract: 1. Introduction.- 2. Guidelines for analysing and reporting EQ-5D outcomes.- 3. EQ-5D: Modes of administration.- 4. Guidelines for value sets in economic and non-economic studies using EQ-5D.- 5. Test-retest performance of EQ-5D.- 6. Construction of the EQ-net VAS and TTO databases.- 7. Comparison of EQ-5D VAS valuations: analysis of background variables.- 8. A European EQ-5D VAS valuation set.- 9. A comparison of EQ-5D time trade-off values obtained in Germany, The United Kingdom and Spain.- 10. What concepts does the EQ-5D measure? Intentions and interpretations.- 11. Producing other language versions of the EQ-5D.- 12. Exploring the results of translating the EQ-5D into 11 European languages.- 13. EQ-5D in selected countries around the world.- 14. Summary and future EQ-5D work.- References for all chapters.- Appendices.

The measurement and valuation of health status using EQ-5D : a European perspective : evidence from the EuroQol BIOMED Research Programme

Abstract: 1. Introduction.- 2. Guidelines for analysing and reporting EQ-5D outcomes.- 3. EQ-5D: Modes of administration.- 4. Guidelines for value sets in economic and non-economic studies using EQ-5D.- 5. Test-retest performance of EQ-5D.- 6. Construction of the EQ-net VAS and TTO databases.- 7. Comparison of EQ-5D VAS valuations: analysis of background variables.- 8. A European EQ-5D VAS valuation set.- 9. A comparison of EQ-5D time trade-off values obtained in Germany, The United Kingdom and Spain.- 10. What concepts does the EQ-5D measure? Intentions and interpretations.- 11. Producing other language versions of the EQ-5D.- 12. Exploring the results of translating the EQ-5D into 11 European languages.- 13. EQ-5D in selected countries around the world.- 14. Summary and future EQ-5D work.- References for all chapters.- Appendices.

EQ-5D concepts and methods : a developmental history

Abstract: List of contributors Foreword Acknowledgements List of tables List of figures 1. The EuroQol instrument, Alan Williams 2. The descriptive system of the EuroQol Instrument, Claire Gudex 3. The number of levels in the descriptive system, Heleen van Agt and Gouke Bonsel 4. First steps to assessing semantic equivalence of the EuroQol, Instrument: Results of a questionnaire survey to members of the EuroQol Group, Julia Fox-Rushby 5. Comparing general health-relates quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaires EuroQol, Sickness Impact Profile and Rosser Index, Stefan Bjoerk and Ulf Persson 6. Influence of self-rated health and related variables on EuroQolvaluation of health states in a Spanish population, Xavier Badia, Esteve Fernandez and Andreu Segura 7. Observations on one hundred students filling in the EuroQol questionnaire, Jan Busschbach, Dick Hessing and Frank de Charro 8. Eliciting EuroQol descriptive data and utility scale values from inpatients, Caroline Selai and Rachel Rosser 9. Test-retest reliability of health state valuations collected with the EuroQol questionnaire, Heleen van Agt, Marie-Louise Essink-Bot, Paul Krabbe and Gouke Bonsel 10. Hypothetical valuations of health states versus patients' self-ratings, Erik Nord, Xavier Badia, Montserrat Rue and Harri Sintonen 11. Inconsistency and health state valuations, Paul Dolan and Paul Kind 12. Issues in the harmonisation of valuation and modeling, Paul Krabbe, Frank de Charro and Marie-Louise Essink-Bot 13. Estimating a parametric relation between health description and health valuation using the EuroQol Instrument, Ben van Hout and Joseph McDonnell 14. Some considerations concerning negative values for EQ 5D health states, Frank de Charro, Jan Busschbach, Marie-Louise Essink-Bot, Ben van Hout and PaulKrabbe 15. Health states considered worse than 'being dead', Stefan Bjoerk and Rikard Althin 16. The effect of duration on the values given to the EuroQol states, Arto Ohinmaa and Harri Sintonen 17. Applying paired comparisons models to EQ-5D valuations - deriving TTO utilities from ordinal preference data, Paul Kind 18. The use and usefulness of the EuroQol EQ-5D: preliminary results from an international survey, Rosalind Rabin, Paul Kind and Frank de Charro 19. Not a quick fix, Martin Buxton Appendices.

The use and usefulness of the EuroQol EQ-5D: Preliminary results from an international survey

Abstract: The EuroQol Foundation was formally established in 1995. Its functions include providing an organisation responsible for the effective dissemination of up to date information concerning the EQ-5D. This is clearly important for those researchers and clinicians who are currently using the EQ-5D but would like to learn more about its use by others in the same field of inquiry. It is also recognised that many researchers who are using the EQ-5D would appreciate contact with other groups who are using the instrument in a similar clinical area. The need to acquire accurate information will be of particular interest to those who adopted early versions of the instrument and who are now in the process of analysing their data.

Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L)

Abstract: This article introduces the new 5-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L) health status measure. EQ-5D currently measures health using three levels of severity in five dimensions. A EuroQol Group task force was established to find ways of improving the instrument's sensitivity and reducing ceiling effects by increasing the number of severity levels. The study was performed in the United Kingdom and Spain. Severity labels for 5 levels in each dimension were identified using response scaling. Focus groups were used to investigate the face and content validity of the new versions, including hypothetical health states generated from those versions. Selecting labels at approximately the 25th, 50th, and 75th centiles produced two alternative 5-level versions. Focus group work showed a slight preference for the wording 'slight-moderate-severe' problems, with anchors of 'no problems' and 'unable to do' in the EQ-5D functional dimensions. Similar wording was used in the Pain/Discomfort and Anxiety/Depression dimensions. Hypothetical health states were well understood though participants stressed the need for the internal coherence of health states. A 5-level version of the EQ-5D has been developed by the EuroQol Group. Further testing is required to determine whether the new version improves sensitivity and reduces ceiling effects.

Fractional flow reserve versus angiography for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract: Background In patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary angiography is the standard method for guiding the placement of the stent. It is unclear whether routine measurement of fractional flow reserve (FFR; the ratio of maximal blood flow in a stenotic artery to normal maximal flow), in addition to angiography, improves outcomes. Methods In 20 medical centers in the United States and Europe, we randomly assigned 1005 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease to undergo PCI with implantation of drug-eluting stents guided by angiography alone or guided by FFR measurements in addition to angiography. Before randomization, lesions requiring PCI were identified on the basis of their angiographic appearance. Patients assigned to angiography-guided PCI underwent stenting of all indicated lesions, whereas those assigned to FFR-guided PCI underwent stenting of indicated lesions only if the FFR was 0.80 or less. The primary end point was the rate of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization at 1 year. Results The mean (±SD) number of indicated lesions per patient was 2.7±0.9 in the angiography group and 2.8±1.0 in the FFR group (P = 0.34). The number of stents used per patient was 2.7±1.2 and 1.9±1.3, respectively (P<0.001). The 1-year event rate was 18.3% (91 patients) in the angiography group and 13.2% (67 patients) in the FFR group (P = 0.02). Seventy-eight percent of the patients in the angiography group were free from angina at 1 year, as compared with 81% of patients in the FFR group (P = 0.20). Conclusions Routine measurement of FFR in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who are undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stents significantly reduces the rate of the composite end point of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization at 1 year. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00267774.)

The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation

Abstract: Background: There is increasing international interest in the concept of mental well-being and its contribution to all aspects of human life. Demand for instruments to monitor mental well-being at a population level and evaluate mental health promotion initiatives is growing. This article describes the development and validation of a new scale, comprised only of positively worded items relating to different aspects of positive mental health: the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). Methods: WEMWBS was developed by an expert panel drawing on current academic literature, qualitative research with focus groups, and psychometric testing of an existing scale. It was validated on a student and representative population sample. Content validity was assessed by reviewing the frequency of complete responses and the distribution of responses to each item. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the hypothesis that the scale measured a single construct. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Criterion validity was explored in terms of correlations between WEMWBS and other scales and by testing whether the scale discriminated between population groups in line with pre-specified hypotheses. Testretest reliability was assessed at one week using intra-class correlation coefficients. Susceptibility to bias was measured using the Balanced Inventory of Desired Responding. Results: WEMWBS showed good content validity. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the single factor hypothesis. A Cronbach's alpha score of 0.89 (student sample) and 0.91 (population sample) suggests some item redundancy in the scale. WEMWBS showed high correlations with other mental health and well-being scales and lower correlations with scales measuring overall health. Its distribution was near normal and the scale did not show ceiling effects in a population sample. It discriminated between population groups in a way that is largely consistent with the results of other population surveys. Testretest reliability at one week was high (0.83). Social desirability bias was lower or similar to that of other comparable scales. Conclusion: WEMWBS is a measure of mental well-being focusing entirely on positive aspects of mental health. As a short and psychometrically robust scale, with no ceiling effects in a population sample, it offers promise as a tool for monitoring mental well-being at a population level. Whilst WEMWBS should appeal to those evaluating mental health promotion initiatives, it is important that the scale's sensitivity to change is established before it is recommended in this context.