Ross H jr. Arnett

Bio: Ross H jr. Arnett is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Embioptera & Insect. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 273 citations.

American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico

Abstract: Foreword Preface Introduction General Considerations Insect Classification and Systematics Identification Features Insect Ecology, Behavior, and Distribution Insect Collecting The Orders of Insects The Insect Fauna of America, North of Mexico Collembola (Springtails and Allies) Protura (Proturans) Diplura (Diplurans) Archaeognatha (Bristletails) Zygentoma (Silverfish and Allies) Odonata (Dragonflies and Damselflies) Plecoptera (Stoneflies) Embioptera (Webspinners) Phasmatodea (Walkingsticks) Orthoptera (Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Katydids) Grylloblattodea (Rock Crawlers) Dermaptera (Earwigs) Dictyoptera (Mantids and Cockroaches) Isoptera (Termites) Zoraptera (Angel Insects) Psocoptera (Booklice and Barklice ) Mallophaga(Chewing Lice) Anoplura(Sucking Lice) Hemiptera (True Bugs) Homoptera (Cicadas,Leafhoppers, Aphids, Scale Insects, and Allies) Thysanoptera (Thrips) Neuroptera (Dobsonflies, Lacewings, Antlions, and Allies) Coleoptera (Beetles, and Weevils) Hymenoptera (Wasps, Ants, and Bees) Trichoptera (Caddisflies) Lepidoptera (Moths, Butterflies, and Skippers) Mecoptera (Scorpionflies and their Allies Diptera (The Flies) Strepsiptera (Stylopids) Siphonaptera (Fleas) Glossary Index

Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)

Abstract: We synthesize data on all known extant and fossil Coleoptera family-group names for the first time. A catalogue of 4887 family-group names (124 fossil, 4763 extant) based on 4707 distinct genera in Coleoptera is given. A total of 4492 names are available, 183 of which are permanently invalid because they are based on a preoccupied or a suppressed type genus. Names are listed in a classification framework. We recognize as valid 24 superfamilies, 211 families, 541 subfamilies, 1663 tribes and 740 subtribes. For each name, the original spelling, author, year of publication, page number, correct stem and type genus are included. The original spelling and availability of each name were checked from primary literature. A list of necessary changes due to Priority and Homonymy problems, and actions taken, is given. Current usage of names was conserved, whenever possible, to promote stability of the classification. New synonymies (family-group names followed by genus-group names): Agronomina Gistel, 1848 syn. nov. of Amarina Zimmermann, 1832 (Carabidae), Hylepnigalioini Gistel, 1856 syn. nov. of Melandryini Leach, 1815 (Melandryidae), Polycystophoridae Gistel, 1856 syn. nov. of Malachiinae Fleming, 1821 (Melyridae), Sclerasteinae Gistel, 1856 syn. nov. of Ptilininae Shuckard, 1839 (Ptinidae), Phloeonomini Adam, 2001 syn. nov. of Omaliini MacLeay, 1825 (Staphylinidae), Sepedophilini Adam, 2001 syn. nov. of Tachyporini MacLeay, 1825 (Staphylinidae), Phibalini Gistel, 1856 syn. nov. of Cteniopodini Solier, 1835 (Tenebrionidae); Agronoma Gistel 1848 (type species Carabus familiaris Duftschmid, 1812, designated herein) syn. nov. of Amara Bonelli, 1810 (Carabidae), Hylepnigalio Gistel, 1856 (type species Chrysomela caraboides Linnaeus, 1760, by monotypy) syn. nov. of Melandrya Fabricius, 1801 (Melandryidae), Polycystophorus Gistel, 1856 (type species Cantharis aeneus Linnaeus, 1758, designated herein) syn. nov. of Malachius Fabricius, 1775 (Melyridae), Sclerastes Gistel, 1856 (type species Ptilinus costatus Gyllenhal, 1827, designated herein) syn. nov. of Ptilinus Geoffroy, 1762 (Ptinidae), Paniscus Gistel, 1848 (type species Scarabaeus fasciatus Linnaeus, 1758, designated herein) syn. nov. of Trichius Fabricius, 1775 (Scarabaeidae), Phibalus Gistel, 1856 (type species Chrysomela pubescens Linnaeus, 1758, by monotypy) syn. nov. of Omophlus Dejean, 1834 (Tenebrionidae). The following new replacement name is proposed: Gompeliina Bouchard, 2011 nom. nov. for Olotelina Baguena Corella, 1948 (Aderidae). Reversal of Precedence (Article 23.9) is used to conserve usage of the following names (family-group names followed by genus-group names): Perigonini Horn, 1881 nom. protectum over Trechicini Bates, 1873 nom. oblitum (Carabidae), Anisodactylina Lacordaire, 1854 nom. protectum over Eurytrichina LeConte, 1848 nom. oblitum (Carabidae), Smicronychini Seidlitz, 1891 nom. protectum over Desmorini LeConte, 1876 nom. oblitum (Curculionidae), Bagoinae Thomson, 1859 nom. protectum over Lyprinae Gistel 1848 nom. oblitum (Curculionidae), Aterpina Lacordaire, 1863 nom. protectum over Heliomenina Gistel, 1848 nom. oblitum (Curculionidae), Naupactini Gistel, 1848 nom. protectum over Iphiini Schonherr, 1823 nom. oblitum (Curculionidae), Cleonini Schonherr, 1826 nom. protectum over Geomorini Schonherr, 1823 nom. oblitum (Curculionidae), Magdalidini Pascoe, 1870 nom. protectum over Scardamyctini Gistel, 1848 nom. oblitum (Curculionidae), Agrypninae/-ini Candeze, 1857 nom. protecta over Adelocerinae/-ini Gistel, 1848 nom. oblita and Pangaurinae/-ini Gistel, 1856 nom. oblita (Elateridae), Prosternini Gistel, 1856 nom. protectum over Diacanthini Gistel, 1848 nom. oblitum (Elateridae), Calopodinae Costa, 1852 nom. protectum over Sparedrinae Gistel, 1848 nom. oblitum (Oedemeridae), Adesmiini Lacordaire, 1859 nom. protectum over Macropodini Agassiz, 1846 nom. oblitum (Tenebrionidae), Bolitophagini Kirby, 1837 nom. protectum over Eledonini Billberg, 1820 nom. oblitum (Tenebrionidae), Throscidae Laporte, 1840 nom. protectum over Stereolidae Rafinesque, 1815 nom. oblitum (Throscidae) and Lophocaterini Crowson, 1964 over Lycoptini Casey, 1890 nom. oblitum (Trogossitidae); Monotoma Herbst, 1799 nom. protectum over Monotoma Panzer, 1792 nom. oblitum (Monotomidae); Pediacus Shuckard, 1839 nom. protectum over Biophloeus Dejean, 1835 nom. oblitum (Cucujidae), Pachypus Dejean, 1821 nom. protectum over Pachypus Billberg, 1820 nom. oblitum (Scarabaeidae), Sparrmannia Laporte, 1840 nom. protectum over Leocaeta Dejean, 1833 nom. oblitum and Cephalotrichia Hope, 1837 nom. oblitum (Scarabaeidae).

Insect diversity: facts, fiction and speculation*

Abstract: Biologists are still trying to grasp the global dimensions of the phylum Arthropoda and its major class the Insecta, in spite of the fact that over a million species of arthropods have been described. The canopy of rain forest trees is believed by many to hold the key to the immense diversity of insects. In recent years the use of knock-down insecticides to sample insects from rain forest canopy has revealed information on the canopy’s arthropod inhabitants and community structure. The sampling techniques involved are outlined and data reviewed on taxonomic and guild structure, species abundance, body size and biomass ofinsects, and the faunal similarity of trees. Calculations by Erwin (1982), based on knock-down insecticide studies ofthe beetle fauna ofone species ofcentral American tree, suggest there may be 30 million species of tropical forest arthropods. Reanalysis of these calculations, using additional data, produces a range of possible estimates from about 10 to 80 million. The unknown range of plant host-specificities of tropical insects is the main weakness of this method of calculation. Assessment of the faunal importance of the canopy in relation to that of other rain forest biotopes requires comparative quantitative studies. The preliminary results of one such simple study suggest that over 42 million arthropods may be found in a hectare of Seram rain forest (at the time of study), and that 70% occur in the soil and leaf litter and 14% in the canopy. They also suggest that Collembola and Acarina are the dominant groups in this hectare, and that there are as many ants as all the other insects (excluding Collembola),

The Magnitude of Global Insect Species Richness

Abstract: Recent suggestions that insects number tens of millions of species have received much attention. Little consideration, however, has been given to how such estimates compare with what else we know about insect species richness. Perhaps most significantly, the specialist knowledge of the taxonomic community at large has generally been ignored Collation of published and unpublished information from this source provides little to encourage belief in truly vast numbers of undescribed species of insects. For the insect groups for which figures are available, estimates of global total numbers of species are typically less than ten times the numbers of described species. Although minimum global estimates are more readily constructed than upper estimates, these figures uniformly fail to support assertions that there are 30 million or more species of insects. Rather, a figure of less than ten million seems more tenable, and one of around five million feasible. Additional, more circumstantial, evidence tends to support the idea that insect species numbers may not be as vast as has been claimed First, the contribution of canopy specialists to global richness may be less than often suggested. Second, a higher proportion of species than commonly entertained may have moderate to large geographic ranges. Third, the number of groups failing to increase in richness in the tropics may have been underestimated. Finally, the proportion of undescribed species encountered by many taxonomists seems insufficient to justify estimates of vast species numbers.

Critical Appraisal of Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials

Abstract: This text is a developed and expanded successor to "Causal Relationships in Medicine: a Practical System for Critical Appraisal" Critical appraisal is now the central focus of evidence-based medicine and knowledge-based healthcare, and is currently a major influence in most countries The book has been thoroughly revised and new sections on meta-analysis, evidence-based-medicine and misclassification have been added The text presents a system of critical appraisal to help the reader evaluate studies in the health and medical fields It should be of particular interest to postgraduate students in health sciences (public health and clinical research) and undergraduate medical students for whom the book can act as a methodological textbook with emphasis on critical thinking