Showing papers by "Roy F. Baumeister published in 1993"
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, Campbell et al. discuss the inner nature of low self-esteem in children and adolescents and the consequences of self-Esteem in their own lives, including self-confidence, self-serving bias, and self-prediction.
Abstract: Foundations: Who Am I? J.D. Campbell, L.F. Lavallee. Low Self-Esteem S.J. Spencer, et al. The Social Motivations of People with Low Self-Esteem D.M. Tice. Self-Esteem and Self-Serving Biases in Reactions to Positive and Negative Events B. Blaine, J. Crocker. Causes and Consequences of Low Self-Esteem in Children and Adolescents S. Harter. Advances: Motivational Conflict and the Self J.D. Brown. Self-Esteem, Self-Prediction, and Living Up to Commitments T.F. Heatherton, N. Ambady. Caught in the Crossfire C. De La Ronde, W.B. Swann, Jr. The Roles of Stability and Level of Self-Esteem in Psychological Functioning M.H. Kernis. On the Highly Positive Thoughts of the Highly Depressed B.W. Pelham. Integration and Commentary: Understanding the Inner Nature of Low Self-Esteem R.F. Baumeister. Self-Esteem and Expectancy-Value Discrepancy J. Brockner, et al. The Puzzles of Self-Esteem H. Tennen, G. Affleck. Index.
939 citations
TL;DR: The tendency for people with high self-esteem to make inflated assessments and predictions about themselves carries the risk of making commitments that exceed capabilities, thus leading to failure, and the danger of letting egotistical illusions interfere with self-regulation processes is indicated.
Abstract: The tendency for people with high self-esteem to make inflated assessments and predictions about themselves carries the risk of making commitments that exceed capabilities, thus leading to failure. Ss chose their performance contingencies in a framework where larger rewards were linked to a greater risk of failure. In the absence of ego threat, Ss with high self-esteem showed superior self-regulation: They set appropriate goals and performed effectively. Ego threat, however, caused Ss with high self-esteem to set inappropriate, risky goals that were beyond their performance capabilities so they ended up with smaller rewards than Ss with low self-esteem. The results indicate the danger of letting egotistical illusions interfere with self-regulation processes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) KW: partner violence
540 citations
TL;DR: This article explored unreciprocated romantic attraction by comparing narrative accounts and found that would-be lovers believed that the attraction had been mutual, that they had been led on, and that the rejection had never been communicated definitely.
Abstract: Unreciprocated romantic attraction was explored by comparing narrative accounts. Unrequited love emerged as a bilaterally distressing experience marked by mutual incomprehension and emotional interdependence. Would-be lovers looked back with both positive and intensely negative emotions, whereas rejectors were more uniformly negative in their accounts. Unlike rejectors, would-be lovers believed that the attraction had been mutual, that they had been led on, and that the rejection had never been communicated definitely. Rejectors depicted themselves as morally innocent but still felt guilty about hurting someone; many rejectors depicted the would-be lover's persistent efforts as intrusive and annoying
373 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In the last two decades, a growing body of enlightening data on low self-esteem has allowed psychologists to move beyond the earlier, more speculative theories as discussed by the authors and begin to sort the welter of competing theories into a coherent set of empirically grounded conclusions.
Abstract: In recent decades, psychologists have offered many speculations and hypotheses about people with low self-esteem. Perhaps they hate themselves. Perhaps they seek to distort things in a negative, pessimistic direction. Perhaps they are indifferent to praise and popularity. Perhaps they lack some key drive to succeed or to think well of themselves. Perhaps they are irrational and self-destructive. In the last two decades, however, a growing body of enlightening data on low self-esteem has allowed psychologists to move beyond the earlier, more speculative theories. One can begin to sort the welter of competing theories into a coherent set of empirically grounded conclusions.
147 citations
TL;DR: Eating in nondieters was reduced in the failure/videotape and simple failure conditions, possibly because of the autonomic correlates of distress and supports the proposal that a reduction in self-awareness is necessary for lifting of inhibitions.
Abstract: Dieting and nondieting subjects were given either failure or neutral performance feedback on a problem-solving task. Failure subjects were then assigned to one of three self-awareness conditions: One group was forced to watch a video clip of themselves failing on the problem-solving task, one group was asked to watch a distracting video clip on bighorn sheep, and the final group was asked to sit quietly for 10 minutes. Subjects were then allowed to eat as much ice cream as they wanted. Only in those conditions which allowed--or promoted--low self-awareness (the failure/distraction and simple failure condition) did dieters show disinhibited eating. In the failure/videotape condition, which enforced high levels of self-awareness, eating in dieters remained inhibited. This supports the proposal that a reduction in self-awareness is necessary for lifting of inhibitions. Eating in nondieters was reduced in the failure/videotape and simple failure conditions, possibly because of the autonomic correlates of distress.
91 citations
01 Jan 1993
90 citations
01 Jan 1993
34 citations
Book•
18 May 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a probing look at what lies beneath our surprising inclination to seize defeat from the jaws of victory is presented, revealing that most people would agree that a basic human goal is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain, yet people constantly seem to sabotage that very goal.
Abstract: Most people would agree that a basic human goal is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. Yet people constantly seem to sabotage that very goal. This is a probing look at what lies beneath our surprising inclination to seize defeat from the jaws of victory.
17 citations
TL;DR: Wicklund and Eckert as discussed by the authors reviewed the book, The Self-Knower: A Hero Under Control by Robert A. Wicklund and Martina Eckert (1992).
Abstract: Originally published in Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 1993, Vol 38(5), 466–467. Reviews the book, The Self-Knower: A Hero Under Control by Robert A. Wicklund and Martina Eckert (1992). Most of Wicklund and Eckert's new book is devoted to an insightful critique of what they call “the
7 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, the status of work on self and identity in relation to what Allport had to say has been discussed, and the authors take as their point of departure Allport's (1943) paper entitled "The Ego in Contemporary Psychology,” for it serves as a clearer and more thorough statement of his views on the self than does the 1937 text that was the occasion for our symposium.
Abstract: My particular task for this volume is to comment on the status of work on self and identity in relation to what Allport had to say. I take as my point of departure Allport’s (1943) paper entitled “The Ego in Contemporary Psychology,” for it serves as a clearer and more thorough statement of his views on the self than does the 1937 text that was the occasion for our symposium.
4 citations