Rupita Ghosh

Bio: Rupita Ghosh is an academic researcher from National Institute of Technology, Rourkela. The author has contributed to research in topics: Machinability & Bioceramic. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 10 publications receiving 105 citations. Previous affiliations of Rupita Ghosh include K L University.

Effect of zinc oxide addition on antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of hydroxyapatite: a potential nanocomposite for biomedical applications

Abstract: Bacterial infections and biofilm formations are the main problems associated with implants. Hence, the aims of this study are to develop nanocomposite biomaterials having different ratios of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAP) with green and chemically synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle (NP) and examine its antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized for phase and microstructural analysis. The nanocomposite at 90:10, 75:25 and 60:40 ratio of nHAP and ZnO NPs respectively, showed a different level of antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against clinical specimen isolated gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was the lowest concentration of ZnO NPs in the nanocomposite inhibiting the growth of each bacteria species and it was investigated for the given ratio of nanoparticles and found to be 0.2 mg/mL of 90:10 nanocomposite for both pathogens. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was the lowest concentration of ZnO NPs in the nanocomposite required to kill each of the bacterial species and it was found to be 0.2 mg/mL of 75:25 and 60:40 nanocomposite for S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. The maximum percentage of biofilm inhibition was found at 60 (nHAP): 40 (ZnO NPs) ratio of the nanocomposites. It was 52% and 54% against S. aureus and E. coli biofilm respectively, for green synthesized ZnO NPs and 51% and 52% against S. aureus and E. coli biofilm respectively, for chemically synthesized ZnO NPs. Hence, based on these results we suggest that the biomaterials containing different ratios of nHAP- ZnO NPs can be used as antimicrobial and antibiofilm materials in bone implant and bone regenerative medicine.

Study on the Development of Machinable Hydroxyapatite - Yttrium Phosphate Composite for Biomedical Applications

Abstract: Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and yttrium phosphate (YP) powders were synthesized through wet chemical route and calcination process Calcined powders were used to prepare HAp-YP composites by solid mixing and sintering route, up to a YP content of 50 wt% Sintered composites were characterized for phase analysis and densification study The sintered composites were studied for machinability by drilling method using a conventional cemented carbide drill bit Hydroxyapatite-yttrium phosphate composite pellets were studied for drilling by conventional drilling technique using carbide drill bits In vitro cytotoxicity study of the sintered composites, using MTT assay by culturing in MG-63 cells, showed cell viability index >095

A Review of Microwave Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials: Reactants, Process Parameters and Morphologies

Abstract: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a multifunctional material due to its exceptional physicochemical properties and broad usefulness. The special properties resulting from the reduction of the material size from the macro scale to the nano scale has made the application of ZnO nanomaterials (ZnO NMs) more popular in numerous consumer products. In recent years, particular attention has been drawn to the development of various methods of ZnO NMs synthesis, which above all meet the requirements of the green chemistry approach. The application of the microwave heating technology when obtaining ZnO NMs enables the development of new methods of syntheses, which are characterised by, among others, the possibility to control the properties, repeatability, reproducibility, short synthesis duration, low price, purity, and fulfilment of the eco-friendly approach criterion. The dynamic development of materials engineering is the reason why it is necessary to obtain ZnO NMs with strictly defined properties. The present review aims to discuss the state of the art regarding the microwave synthesis of undoped and doped ZnO NMs. The first part of the review presents the properties of ZnO and new applications of ZnO NMs. Subsequently, the properties of microwave heating are discussed and compared with conventional heating and areas of application are presented. The final part of the paper presents reactants, parameters of processes, and the morphology of products, with a division of the microwave synthesis of ZnO NMs into three primary groups, namely hydrothermal, solvothermal, and hybrid methods.

Luminescent Hydroxyapatite Doped with Rare Earth Elements for Biomedical Applications.

Abstract: One new, promising approach in the medical field is represented by hydroxyapatite doped with luminescent materials for biomedical luminescence imaging. The use of hydroxyapatite-based luminescent materials is an interesting area of research because of the attractive characteristics of such materials, which include biodegradability, bioactivity, biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, non-toxicity, and their non-inflammatory nature, as well their accessibility for surface adaptation. It is well known that hydroxyapatite, the predominant inorganic component of bones, serves a substantial role in tissue engineering, drug and gene delivery, and many other biomedical areas. Hydroxyapatite, to the detriment of other host matrices, has attracted substantial attention for its ability to bind to luminescent materials with high efficiency. Its capacity to integrate a large assortment of substitutions for Ca2+, PO43−, and/or OH− ions is attributed to the versatility of its apatite structure. This paper summarizes the most recently developed fluorescent materials based on hydroxyapatite, which use rare earth elements (REEs) as dopants, such as terbium (Tb3+), erbium (Er3+), europium (Eu3+), lanthanum (La3+), or dysprosium (Dy3+), that have been developed in the biomedical field.

Synthesis and applications of ZnO nanostructures (ZONSs): a review

Abstract: Zinc oxide (ZnO) based nanostructures have gained remarkable attention worldwide for their photocatalytic activation behavior as a semi-conductor metal oxide photocatalyst in different industries, ...

One-Pot Sonochemical Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Applications, Modelling and Optimization

Abstract: This present study proposed a successful one pot synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and their optimisation for photocatalytic applications. Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were selected as chemical reagents for the proposed study. The design of this experiment was based on the reagents' amounts and the ultrasonic irradiations' time. The results regarding scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of ZnO NPs with pure hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure in all synthesised samples. Photocatalytic activity of the developed samples was evaluated against methylene blue dye solution. The rapid removal of methylene blue dye indicated the higher photocatalytic activity of the developed samples than untreated samples. Moreover, central composite design was utilised for statistical analysis regarding the obtained results. A mathematical model for the optimisation of input conditions was designed to predict the results at any given point. The role of crystallisation on the photocatalytic performance of developed samples was discussed in detail in this novel study.