Ryan L. Fogt

TL;DR: In this paper, the decadal variability of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnection to the high-latitude South Pacific is examined by correlating the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) 40-yr Re-Analysis (ERA-40) and observations with the SOI over the last two decades.

TL;DR: In this paper, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-40) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR) reanalysis data are compared with Antarctic and other mid- to high-latitude station observations for the complete years of overlap, 1958-2001.

TL;DR: The relationship between the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode (SAM) is examined in this article, with the goal of understanding how various strong SAM events modulate the ENSO teleconnection to the South Pacific.

TL;DR: The reliability of the global reanalyses in the polar regions is investigated in this paper, where large circulation differences between the rean analyses are found primarily before 1979, when vast quantities of satellite sounding data started to be assimilated.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyse recent atmosphere, surface ocean and sea-ice observations in this region and assess their trends in the context of palaeoclimate records and climate model simulations.