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S. Dhanuskodi

Other affiliations: Madurai Kamaraj University
Bio: S. Dhanuskodi is an academic researcher from Bharathidasan University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Single crystal & Second-harmonic generation. The author has an hindex of 26, co-authored 60 publications receiving 2042 citations. Previous affiliations of S. Dhanuskodi include Madurai Kamaraj University.


Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the optical absorption of tris thiourea zinc sulphate (ZTS) single crystals and its direct band gap was found to be 3.6 eV.
Abstract: Optical absorption of tris thiourea zinc sulphate (ZTS) single crystals has been measured and its direct band gap was found to be 3.6 eV. Theoretical calculations were carried out to determine the linear optical constants such as extinction coefficient and refractive index. Further the optical nonlinearties of ZTS have been investigated by Z-scan technique with He-Ne laser at 632.8 nm. The nonlinear refractive index, absorption coefficient and third order susceptibility is found to be in the order of –5.36 ± 0.26 × 10–12 cm2/W, 4.24 ± 0.21 × 10–4 cm/W, 3.5 ± 0.17 × 10–4 esu respectively. Thus optical characterization of ZTS reveals the various industrial application oriented properties of the material. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

226 citations

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TL;DR: The cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the prepared nanostructures are non - toxic to normal healthy RBC's and in-vitro anticancer efficiency of MgO nanostructure against human lung cancer cell line (A549) was investigated.
Abstract: Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanostructures were prepared using microwave-assisted (M 1) and hydrothermal (M 2) methods and characterized by XRD, SEM and FT-IR. It exhibits cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 20 nm (M 1) and 14 nm (M 2) and the lattice strain (W H plot) is 0.0017 (M 1), 0.0037 (M 2). It's spherical and rods like structures are confirmed through SEM and TEM. The vibrational stretching mode of Mg O is 439 (M 1) and 449 cm−1 (M 2). The optical bandgap is estimated as 5.93 eV (M 1) and 5.85 eV (M 2) through UV–Vis spectra. The fluorescence spectrum shows emission peaks at 414 and 437 (M 1) and 367 and 385 nm (M 2). The photodegradation studies of MgO nanostructures were assessed by monitoring the decolorization of methylene blue and Congo red dyes in aqueous solution under sunlight irradiation. The antibacterial activities of M 1 and M 2 are investigated against the gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi, Proteus mirabilis, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio cholera) and gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Rhodococcus rhodochrous) bacteria. The zone of inhibition of 24 (M 1) and 25 mm (M 2) indicates high antibacterial activity towards the gram negative bacterium A. hydrophila. Confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) analysis was utilized for understanding the variation in antibacterial activity between different orientations of MgO nanostructures. The cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the prepared nanostructures are non – toxic to normal healthy RBC's. In-vitro anticancer efficiency (IC50) of MgO nanostructures against human lung cancer cell line (A549) was investigated.

160 citations

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TL;DR: A facile approach for the preparation of CdO-NiO-ZnO mixed metal oxide nanocomposite was demonstrated by microwave assisted method and characterized by XRD, SEM with EDS and FTIR as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A facile approach for the preparation of CdO–NiO–ZnO mixed metal oxide nanocomposite was demonstrated by microwave assisted method and characterized by XRD, SEM with EDS and FTIR. XRD exhibits CdO (cubic), NiO (cubic), ZnO (hexagonal) structure with an average crystallite size of 37, 23 and 20 nm respectively. The lattice strain and the dislocation density are evaluated by W–H method. SEM and TEM images reveal the morphology as sheet like structure and FTIR indicates the characteristic stretching frequency as Cd–O (687 cm−1), Ni–O (865 cm−1) and Zn–O (472 cm−1). From the UV–Vis spectra, the bandgap is estimated as 2.75 eV. The fluorescence spectrum shows the emission of blue–violet (455 nm), green (524 nm) and red (678 nm). The prepared nanocomposite acts as an excellent photocatalyst for the removal of methylene blue dye under sun light irradiation. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity for concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 µg/mL) was carried out in-vitro against gram negative (G − Ve) i.e. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirablis, Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella typhi and Vibrio cholerae; gram positive bacteria (G + Ve): Staphylococcus aureus, Rhodococcus rhodochrous and Bacillus subtilis. Confocal laser scanning microscopy confirms the rupture of the bacterial cell wall.

137 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Tris (thiourea) zinc sulphate (ZTS), a semiorganic nonlinear optical (NLO) material has been synthesized at 30 °C as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Tris (thiourea) zinc sulphate (ZTS), a semiorganic nonlinear optical (NLO) material has been synthesized at 30 °C. The solubility was determined in different solvents such as water, ethanol and water mixture of ethanol (1:1). Good quality single crystals with size 10 × 8 × 6 mm3 were grown by slow evaporation technique within three weeks with approximate growth rate of 0.5 mm/day. The grown crystals have been subjected to single crystal X-ray diffraction to determine the unit cell dimensions and morphology. The TGA and DTA reveal that the material has good thermal stability. The UV-Vis spectrum shows that the material has wide optical transparency in the entire visible region. The second harmonic generation was confirmed by Kurtz powder method. The birefringence of the crystal was measured in the visible region and it was found to vary with the wavelength. The microhardness test was carried out in (100) plane and the load dependent hardness was measured. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

121 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: RuO2 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method and the crystallite size and lattice strain in the samples have been investigated by Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis assuming uniform deformation, deformation stress and deformation energy density, and the size-strain plot method.

118 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
10 Mar 1970

8,159 citations

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TL;DR: The synthesis and recent advances of ZnO NPs in the biomedical fields are summarized, which will be helpful for facilitating their future research progress and focusing on biomedical fields.
Abstract: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in an increasing number of industrial products such as rubber, paint, coating, and cosmetics In the past two decades, ZnO NPs have become one of the most popular metal oxide nanoparticles in biological applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, economic, and low toxicity ZnO NPs have emerged a promising potential in biomedicine, especially in the fields of anticancer and antibacterial fields, which are involved with their potent ability to trigger excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, release zinc ions, and induce cell apoptosis In addition, zinc is well known to keep the structural integrity of insulin So, ZnO NPs also have been effectively developed for antidiabetic treatment Moreover, ZnO NPs show excellent luminescent properties and have turned them into one of the main candidates for bioimaging Here, we summarize the synthesis and recent advances of ZnO NPs in the biomedical fields, which will be helpful for facilitating their future research progress and focusing on biomedical fields

645 citations

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TL;DR: Recent progress in synthesis, characterization, processing and application of polyaniline (PANI) with the focus on the period 2010-2012 is reviewed in this paper, where new insights in the mechanism of formation of molecular/supramolecular PANI structures are discussed.

627 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the function of optical power limiting and describes the known mechanisms of optical limiting for the different types of materials.
Abstract: The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their relevant photophysical features for various groups of materials, including organic dyes such as metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines (and derivatives), other common organic materials, mixed metal complexes and clusters, fullerenes, dendrimeric nanocomposites, polymeric materials (organic and/or inorganic), inorganic semiconductors, and other nanoscopic materials, utilized or potentially useful for the realization of devices able to filter in a smart way an external radiation. The concept of smart is referred to the characteristic of those materials that are capable to filter the radiation in a dynamic way without the need of an ancillary system for the activation of the required transmission change. In particular, this Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the functi...

424 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the biosynthesis procedures to synthesize metal nanoparticles and metal oxide nanoparticles, including comparison between green synthesis and the classical chemistry methods as well as the several new orientation of green synthesis of nanoparticles from different plant parts, especially plant leaf extracts.
Abstract: Abstract Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) are used in numerous fields. The new nano-based entities are being strongly generated and incorporated into everyday personal care products, cosmetics, medicines, drug delivery, and clothing to impact industrial and manufacturing sectors, which means that nanomaterials commercialization and nano-assisted device will continuously grow. They can be prepared by many methods such as green synthesis and the conventional chemical synthesis methods. Green synthesis includes infinite accession to produce MNPs and MONPs with demanding properties. The structure–function relationships between nanomaterials and key information for life cycle evaluation lead to the production of high execution nanoscale materials that are gentle and environmentally friendly. Majority of plants have features as sustainable and renewable suppliers compared with microbes and enzymes, as they have the ability to pick up almost 75% of the light energy and transform it into chemical energy, contain chemicals like antioxidants and sugars, and play fundamental roles in the manufacture of nanoparticles. Plants considered the main factory for the green synthesis of MNPs and MONPs, and until now, different plant species have been used to study this, but the determined conditions should be taken into consideration to execute this preparation. In this study, we focus on the biosynthesis procedures to synthesize MNPs and MONPs, including comparison between green synthesis and the classical chemistry methods as well as the several new orientation of green synthesis of nanoparticles from different plant parts, especially plant leaf extracts. Plants with reducing compounds is the preferred choice for the synthesis of noble metals – metal ions can be reduced to the corresponding metals in the absence of any other chemicals under microwave irradiation conditions using benign solvent, water. Noble metals such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), and palladium (Pd) and other metals such as copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni), which are characterized by their optical, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, and chemical properties, leading to different technological applications. Plants with numerous reducing agents are suitable candidates for the manufacture of noble MNPs. The main purpose of this research is to give a background on green nanotechnology prospective evolution, pertinent concerns appeared related to the green synthesis of metal and metal oxide from plant extracts, nanoparticle formation mechanism, and the importance of flavonoids, vitamin B2, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and phenolic compounds in the MNP and MONP production. The traditional sorghum beers are produced in many countries in Africa, but diversity in the production process may depend on the geographic localization. These beers are very rich in calories; B-group vitamins including thiamine, folic acid, riboflavin, and nicotinic acid; and essential amino acids such as lysine. However, the Western beers are more attractive than the traditional sorghum beers. The traditional sorghum beers have poor hygienic quality, organoleptic variations, and shorter shelf life compared with the Western beers. Many research studies on traditional sorghum beers have been carried out and documented in several African countries, especially the microbiological and biochemical properties, the technologies used in the manufacture processes, and synthetic characteristics of African traditional sorghum beers (ikigage, merissa, doro, dolo, pito, amgba, and tchoukoutou). The excellent resources for the production of greener biomaterials are plants and considerable advances have been achieved in many fields such as biotechnology and gene transfer. The manufactured biological nanomaterials have a great application in the pharmaceutical industry such as novel pharmaceuticals preparation, drug delivery personification procedures, and production of functional nanodevices.

266 citations