S Kachhap

Bio: S Kachhap is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Inert waste & Refuse-derived fuel. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 8 citations.

Waste Management in Mining and Allied Industries

Abstract: Waste management is the systematic assessment of potential hazards, disposal and proper utilization of waste in mining and allied industries. Due to waste there is a great environmental concern and resource constraint. These wastes can affect the environment through it intrinsic property. Proper planning is essential to manage the waste. Management indicates managing wastes in such a way that it would be beneficial in any way. In view of associated environmental hazards and their impacts on public health and safety, efforts must be made to minimize waste generation, systematic disposal practices must be followed and sound waste management methodologies need to be adopted. In mining and steel industry, wastes are generated in every stage of the operations and are required to handle properly. The types of waste generated from both the industries are solid, liquid and gaseous wastes. So, waste management involves solid, liquid and gaseous waste management. Therefore the waste generated can be utilized or can be reused as raw material for other processes if not has to be disposed safely so that it will not affect the environment. The objective of the waste management in mining and steel industry is to assess the waste disposal techniques used in both the industries as well as their waste management techniques. Field studies have been carried out on waste management in different industries, which include an open-cast limestone and dolomite quarry (BSL) mine, an opencast coal mine ( Basundhara OCP) as well as an underground coal mine (Hirakhand Bundia) of Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL) and Rourkela Steel Plant. In the BSL opencast mines that major waste problem is from the generation of the overburden and dust emission. In open cast coal mines due to high production and high mechanization the volumes of waste generated is more. The waste generated is managed by efficient methods. Solid wastes that are generated in the mines are being efficiently utilized for backfilling and the mine waste water generated is used for fighting fire and used for dust suppression measures. In underground coal mines waste type generated is different, so technique of waste management differs. Depending on the types of various processes to produce steel, diverse amount of wastes are generated in RSP as compared to waste generated from mining industry. In steel industry wastes contain some valuable resource in it, generally for solid waste. These solid wastes generated can be raw material for other process and in many cases can be reused. Water analysis for the R.S.P. and a mine was carried out to ascertain impact of waste generation by the two industries on the quality of the water that has been tested. Similarly soil samples from two different mines were analyzed and their characteristics have been reported. Water samples of BSL mines and RSP were analyzed. For BSL mine water it was found from the result that concentration of magnesium and ammonia in the water was found to be excess. For RSP water magnesium, ammonia and total hardness of the water was found to be in excess. It was observed from the field that the mines as well as RSP were lacking somewhere in the waste management practices. Mines pay less attention in waste management as they are much concern with their production of ore or coal. Due to use of outdated technology in the mines management of waste generated is a problem. In steel plant disposal of fly ash was a big problem. The reasons were that their generation was very high as compared to its disposal, as land is a constraint and in other case they were not efficiently utilized. Waste management scenario in the above industries can be improved by following best practices. These practices are to improve production methods to mitigate all types of waste, exploit the value of waste. There should be implementation of strategies to reuse, recycle and to prevent waste from being harmful and manage waste properly. Regulations should be followed strictly for disposal and management of waste.

A study on physico chemical properties of overburden dump materials from selected coal mining areas of Jharia coalfields, Jharkhand, India

Abstract: Most of the coal production in India comes from open cast mines contributing over 81% of the total production. A large number of open cast mines of over 10 million tons per annum capacity are in operation. Mining activities particularly opencast mining in huge forest areas results into loss of biodiversity, loss of nutrient qualities and microbial activities of the soil system. Opencastminingreleaseshuge amount of miningwastesto theupperpart of the land surface as overburden dump materials. In this study, the site selected for the experiment was overburden dump at different mining areas under Jharia coalfields (JCF). The overburden (OB) samples were collected during the months of April, 2008. Physico chemical characteristics such as Bulk density, Grain size distribution, pH, Electrical conductivity, Organic carbon, Organic matter, Available nitrogen, and Available phosphorus were determined in the Soil Mechanics Lab, ISM, Dhanbad. The objective of the present investigation was to characterization of overburden materials for revegetation or plantation purposes on the top surface of the overburden dump materials. This base line data can be used for reclamation of degraded opencast mines in Jharia coalfield, Dhanbad, Jharkhand.

A study on the Bulk density and its effect on the growth of selected grasses in coal mine overburden dumps, Jharkhand, India

Abstract: Coal is the prime source of energy in India. Opencast mining of coal damage a large land surface area, displace people from their natural home and cause agricultural losses. This raises a number of environmental challenges, including soil erosion, dust, noise, and water pollution impacts on local biodiversity. Generation of dump waste from opencast mines in Jharia coalfield threatens the social sustainability of land use pattern in many ways. The overburden dumps formed outside the open pits besides occupying the lands alter the surface topography and contribute to the environmental degradation. In the present paper authors have attempted to study the impact of physical properties of soil and his effect on the growth of some selected grasses over mine dumps. Bulk density plays a significant role in growth of selected grasses as observed during this experiment.

Effect of Iron Ore Tailing on the Properties of Concrete

Abstract: Experiments were conducted to determine the suitability of iron ore tailing (IOT) as fine aggregate replacement of sand (RS) for concrete used for rigid pavement. The use of iron ore tailing (IOT) from Itakpe mines near Okene in north-central Kogi state of Nigeria will ensure economy in concrete production as well as a better way of disposing the tailing. Mix design was carried out for concrete of grade 35 using standard practice for selecting proportions for normal weight, and mass concrete [ACI 211.1-91, 1997]. The constituent materials were batched by weight. The mix with only sand as fine aggregate served as the control mix, while sand was replaced in the other mixes by 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% iron ore tailing (IOT). Consistency and Strength test were conducted on both concrete specimens. It was observed that concrete workability reduced with increase in the percentage of iron ore tailing in the mix. Twenty-eight (28) days compressive strength and indirect tensile strength values of 43.67N/mm 2 and 2.69N/mm 2 respectively, were obtained for concrete when 20% iron ore tailing (IOT) was used, Values comparable to 28days compressive strength and indirect tensile strength values of 45.02N/mm 2 and 2.64N/mm 2 respectively, obtained using only sand as fine aggregate. Keywords: concrete; sand (RS); iron ore tailing (IOT); compressive and tensile strength.

Reclamation of coalmine overburden dump through environmental friendly method.

Abstract: Coal mine spoils (-the previous overburden of coal seams, inevitable by-product in the mining process) which are usually unfavorable for plant growth have different properties according to dumping years. The reclamation of overburden dumps (OBDs) through plantation by using efficient microbes with suitable bio-inoculants is an environmental friendly microbial technique for significant improvement in fertility status and biological activities of the OBD soil. A systematic greenhouse pot experiment program followed by field trial was conducted to investigate the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and NFB on the performance of plant growth which have resulted in the development of environmental friendly bio-inoculant package for soil reclamation of abandoned mine land by revegetation.

Assessment of soil erosion, runoff, sediment yield, water quality and preventive measures in overburden dumps of opencast mines in chirimiri

Abstract: 117-118