PURPOSE: To assess relevant parameters for the minimally invasive elimination of breast tumors by using a selective application of magnetite and exposure of the breast to an alternating magnetic field. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The specific absorption rate (SAR) of different magnetite samples was determined calorimetrically. Temperature elevations based on magnetite mass (7–112 mg) and magnetic field amplitude (1.2–6.5 kA/m; frequency, 400 kHz) were investigated by using human breast tissue. Parameter combinations (21 mg ± 9 [SD], 242-second magnetic field exposure, 6.5-kA/m amplitude) were tested in 10 immunodeficient mice bearing human adenocarcinomas (MX-1 cells). Histologic sections of heated tumor tissue were analyzed. RESULTS: SAR data of different magnetite particle types ranged from 3 to 211 W/g. Temperature elevation (ΔT) as a function of the magnetite mass increased linearly up to 28 mg; at higher masses, a saturation of ΔT was observed at nearly 88°C. The dependence of ΔT on magnetic field amplitu...

Electromagnetic Heating of Breast Tumors in Interventional Radiology: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies in Human Cadavers and Mice

Hyperthermia, the procedure of raising the temperature of a part of or the whole body above normal for a defined period of time, is applied alone or as an adjunctive with various established cancer treatment modalities such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Clinical hyperthermia falls into three broad categories, namely, (1) localized hyperthermia, (2) regional hyperthermia, and (3) whole-body hyperthermia (WBH). Because of the various problems associated with each type of treatment, different heating techniques have evolved. In this article, background information on the biological rationale and current status of technologies concerning heating equipment for the application of hyperthermia to human cancer treatment are provided. The results of combinations of other modalities such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy with hyperthermia as a new treatment strategy are summarized. The article concludes with a discussion of challenges and opportunities for the future.

http://oncothermia.ru/d/150191/d/habash_thermal_therapy,_part_2.pdf

Thermal therapy, part 2: hyperthermia techniques.

The present invention relates to methods for use in the selective disruption of lipid-rich cells by controlled cooling. The present invention further relates to a device for use in carrying out the methods for selective disruption of lipid-rich cells by controlled cooling.

Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling

A cooling device for removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells of a subject having skin is provided. The cooling device includes a plurality of cooling elements movable relative to each other to conform to the contour's of the subject's skin. The cooling elements have a plurality of controllable thermoelectric coolers. The cooling elements can be controlled to provide a time-varying cooling profile in a predetermined sequence, can be controlled to provide a spatial cooling profile in a selected pattern, or can be adjusted to maintain constant process parameters, or can be controlled to provide a combination thereof.

Cooling device having a plurality of controllable cooling elements to provide a predetermined cooling profile

Methods and system for treatment planning for non- and minimally-invasive alteration of body adipose tissue for reduction and contouring of body fat are described herein. Treatment plans can be generated by capturing current body part data (e.g., positioning, contour/shape, thickness of adipose tissue, etc.), determining desired outcome of treatment (e.g., percent reduction of adipose tissue thickness, degree of contour change, etc.), and determining treatment parameters to achieve desired results. Algorithms can be used to determine best-fit treatment parameters to use in treatment sessions. In some embodiments, the system can provide a predictive end-result image for communication to patient and/or for determining alteration of desired outcome. In various embodiments, real-time monitoring of feedback data can be used to determine treatment plan efficacy. Additional algorithms can provide real-time comparison of feedback data to anticipated feedback data, and can be used to change treatment parameters in real-time to achieve desired effects.

Treatment planning systems and methods for body contouring applications

A new radio-frequency (RF) inductive hyperthermia device using an inductive aperture-type applicator (IATA) is proposed. This paper reports the evaluation of the heating characteristics of the IATA using a computer simulation and clinical thermal parameters obtained during treatment of superficial and subsurface-seated tumours. The configuration of the IATA is a one-turn square column-like coil whose bottom plate is set to face the heating target. The IATA has advantages over RF capacitive-type heating, such as: generating less heat in the subcutaneous fat layer; less convergency of electric line of force at the edge of the applicator; and no physical contact with the target lesion. The induced magnetic fields and electrical currents within the heating substance are simulated using computer-assisted design software for electro-magnetic analysis. A total of 40 superficial and subsurface tumours are treated with the IATA. Invasive thermometry is performed continuously for 110 sessions using multi-sensor probes of an optical thermometer. Thermal parameters (Tmax, Tmin, Tave) are assessed based on the tumour size and depth. The treated tumours are categorised into three groups according to tumour depth: group 1 ( 5 cm, n = 47). The computer simulation shows that induced electrical currents run without convergency, parallel to the surface of the heating material. All thermal parameters of group 3 are significantly higher than those of group 1 and 2 (p < 0.05), indicating that the larger lesions tend to abtain a higher temperature distribution. In conclusion, RF inductive hyperthermia using the IATA results in effective temperature distributions in superficial and subsurface tumours, with large tumours being most effectively heated.

Thermal distribution of radio-frequency inductive hyperthermia using an inductive aperture-type applicator: evaluation of the effect of tumour size and depth.

S Kuroda

Papers

Thermal distribution of radio-frequency inductive hyperthermia using an inductive aperture-type applicator: evaluation of the effect of tumour size and depth.