Nitrogen dioxide and carbonate radical anion: two emerging radicals in biology.

This review summarizes direct and indirect analytical methods for the detection and quantification of the reactive oxygen species (ROS): 1O2, O2·−/HOO·, H2O2, HO·, and CO3·− in aqueous solution. Each section briefly describes the chemical properties of a specific ROS followed by a table (organized alphabetically by detection method, i.e., absorbance, chemiluminescence, etc.) summarizing the nature of the observable (associated analytical signal) for each method, limit of detection, application notes, and reaction of the probe molecule with the particular ROS.

Methods for reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection in aqueous environments

Significant role of UV and carbonate radical on the degradation of oxytetracycline in UV-AOPs: Kinetics and mechanism.

The presence of amino acids in atmospheric precipitation and aerosols has been noted for many years, yet relatively little is known about these or other nitrogen containing organic compounds in the atmosphere. Marine and continental rainwater analyses indicate that atmospheric aerosols, and subsequently atmospheric precipitation, may contain substantial levels of free and combined amino acids. The most likely source of amino N in the remote marine atmosphere appears to be the injection of proteinaceous material through the action of bursting bubbles at the sea-air interface or the long range transport from terrestrial sources. The capacity of these substrates to undergo photooxidation and photodegradation in the atmosphere to simpler species, such as ammonium ions, carboxylic acids, and for the S containing amino acids, oxidized forms of sulfur, has received little attention from atmospheric chemists. The photochemistry of covalently bound amino groups, particularly as found in peptides and amino acids, is discussed here with the purpose of summarizing what is known of their occurrence and their possible importance to atmospheric chemistry.

Amino acid nitrogen in atmospheric aerosols: Occurrence, sources and photochemical modification

The role of reactive oxygen species and carbonate radical in oxcarbazepine degradation via UV, UV/H2O2: Kinetics, mechanisms and toxicity evaluation.

Reactions of the carbonate radical with aliphatic amines

Carbonate radical shows moderate reactivity (k2=1.8·106 M−1 s−1) with nickelglycine complex. As an oxidizing free radical, it may attack the ligand to form Ni(II) coordinated glycine radical or oxidize the metal center to form a Ni(III) glycine transient. Continuous γ-irradiation of the complex-bicarbonate mixture yields glyoxalic acid (G=1.7) as the major product. The reaction involves an attack of the ligand and precludes the oxidation of metal center.

S. Vancheesan

Papers

Reactions of the carbonate radical with aliphatic amines

Radiation chemical studies of nickel-glycine reaction with carbonate radical