Buchanania lanzan Spreng, commonly known as char, achar and chironji, belongs to family Anacardiaceae. It was first described by Francis Hamilton in 1798. The tree is natural wild growth in the tropical deciduous forests of Northern, Western and Central India, mostly in the States of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and in Varanasi and Mirzapur districts of Uttar Pradesh. Besides India, the plant is also found in other tropical Asian countries, Australia and Pacific islands. Tree can be identified by dark grey crocodile bark with red blaze and is a good species for afforestation in bare hill slopes. Traditional indigenous knowledge reveals the immense value of almost all parts of the plant i.e. roots, leaves, fruits, seeds and gum for various medicinal uses. Buchanania lanzan, being a vulnerable medicinal plant, is included in the Red Data Book published by International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). This species has high socioeconomic value providing livelihood to tribal population of the area and has high potential as commercial horticulture species. Unfortunately due to over-exploitation and indiscriminate harvesting (lopping and cutting), leading to very severe threat to its extinction, which call for an urgent conservation efforts at all levels. The production of this economically important forest tree species is further threatened by insect pests also. In this background, there is compelling need for developing a suitable technology facilitating easy multiplication, regeneration and conservation of the species, simultaneously imparting and disseminating proper knowledge and education to the tribal population.

Buchanania Lanzan: a species of enormous potentials

The leaves of Buchanania Lanzan (Anacardiaceae) are reported to have great medicinal value. Phytochemical screening including qualitative chemical examinations and quantitative analysis was carried out using HPTLC techniques. Identification, separation and quantification of chemical constituents was carried out on the leaves of buchanaia lanzan, an evergreen member of the family anacardiaceae, using, chemical testing, TLC and HPTLC techniques. Two major class of secondary metabolites were detected Glycosides, Phenolic compounds. These findings are useful in establishing a relationship between chemical composition of the leaf extract and previously reported activities of B. lanzan and also may assign a new potential role of B. lanzan extract in human health care.

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Preliminary phytochemical investigation on leaves of buchanania lanzan (chironji)

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The journal serves an international audience of scientists and researchers in a variety of research and academia by quickly disseminating research findings related to pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences. It is a peer-reviewed journal aiming to publish high-quality original research articles, review articles, short communications, mini-reviews, case reports, letter to the editor, guest editorial or commentaries.
The journal aims to cater to the latest outstanding developments in the field of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, but not limited to the following topics:
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i‚§	Pharmacogenomics
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World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The native Australian green plum (Buchanania obovata) is a small fruit that grows in the northern parts of the Northern Territory and Western Australia. The fruit belongs to the family Anacardiaceae, which includes the other agriculturally important fruit mangoes, pistachios and cashew nuts. The green plum is a favored species of fruit for the Aboriginal communities and an important bush food in the Northern Territory. To date, only minimal scientific studies have been performed on the green plum as a food. This review is about plant foods in the family Anacardiaceae and the key nutritional compounds that occur in these fruit and nuts. It looks at the more traditional nutrient profiles, some key health metabolites, allergens and anti-nutrients that occur, and the role these foods play in the health of populations. This provides a guide for future studies of the green plum to show what nutritional and anti-nutritional properties and compounds should be analyzed and if there are areas where future studies should focus. This review includes an update on studies and analysis of the green plum and how its nutritional properties give it potential as a food for diet diversification in Australia.

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The Nutritional Potential of the Native Australian Green Plum (Buchanania obovata) Compared to Other Anacardiaceae Fruit and Nuts

Buchanania lanzan Spreng, a dry deciduous forest tree of family Anacardiaceae is widely used by Indian tribes for treating various diseases. Three major chemical constituents of potent medicinal value, namely celidoniol, vomicine, epinitol have been characterized from an organic extract of leaves. Such extracts mainly exhibit antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antidiarrheal, antivenom activity including a host of other curative properties. Very recently, unique biomaterials and biofilms are being extracted from seeds, which promise to become a major contributor in pharmaceutical industry. This review attempts to present thorough updated account of ongoing and emerging areas of research of this plant, especially in the field of phytomedicnes and pharmaceuticals. Keywords: Buchanania lanzan, Phytochemicals, Curative properties, Phytomedicine.

Buchanania lanzan spreng: a veritable storehouse of phytomedicines

The fatty acid composition of Buchanania lanzan seed oil, determined by urea complex formation and gas liquid chromatography (g.l.c), was found to be: myristic, 0.6; palmitic, 33.4; stearic, 6.3; oleic, 53.7; and linoleic, 6.0%. Triglyceride compositions of the native seed oil and its randomised product were calculated from the fatty acid compositions of the triglycerides and of the corresponding 2-monoglycerides produced by pancreatic lipase hydrolysis. The oil is composed of 3.2, 35.8, 45.5 and 15.5% trisaturated, monounsaturated disaturated, diunsaturated monosaturated and triunsaturated glycerides respectively. The special characteristic of the B. lanzan seed oil is its content of 22.7, 31.0 and 11.3% dipalmitoolein, dioleopalmitin and triolein respectively. The percent GS3 content in the oil increased from 3.2 to 7.5 by the process of randomisation. On directed interesterification the oil yielded a product with a slip point of 41.5°C which may be suitable as a coating material for delayed action tablets. The oil also appears to be a promising one as a commercial source of palmitic and oleic acids.

Sajal K. Roychoudhury

Papers

Triglyceride composition of Buchanania lanzan seed oil.