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Samir Droby

Bio: Samir Droby is an academic researcher from Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center. The author has contributed to research in topics: Postharvest & Penicillium digitatum. The author has an hindex of 61, co-authored 190 publications receiving 10907 citations. Previous affiliations of Samir Droby include Hebrew University of Jerusalem & Bar-Ilan University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The field of postharvest biocontrol as it has developed over the past 20 years is examined, the reasons that have limited its commercialization are defined, and areas of research that need to be addressed are identified.

618 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The current reviews focuses on the recent knowledge on the mechanisms by which yeast biocontrol agents (BCAs) interact with pathogens and fruit tissues, including antibiosis, mycoparasitism, production of lytic enzymes, induced resistance, competition for limiting nutrients and space, and the role of oxidative stress.
Abstract: s Background Impressive progress was made in the last decade in development, registration and commercialization of biocontrol products based on yeast to manage postharvest pathogens of fruit. To successfully inhibit the pathogen infection and development, several possible mechanisms operate in a tritrophic host-pathogen-antagonist interaction system. Scope and Approach The current reviews focuses on the recent knowledge on the mechanisms by which yeast biocontrol agents (BCAs) interact with pathogens and fruit tissues. The main mechanisms of action explored include antibiosis, mycoparasitism, production of lytic enzymes, induced resistance, competition for limiting nutrients and space, and the role of oxidative stress. Omics techniques can provide a powerful tool to study complex fruit host-pathogen-antagonist-native microflora interactions. Key Findings and Conclusions Various aspects relevant to mechanisms of action of yeast antagonists have been discussed, including unique environment of surface wounds, iron competition, biofilm formation, cell wall degrading enzymes, and involvement of oxidative stress. Outstanding advancement in molecular and omics technologies revolutionized the research about the physiological status of BCAs and the global effect of the application of BCAs on the transcriptome and/or proteome of fruit. Microbial communities on plant surfaces could impact disease control through their interactions with host plants, pathogens, and BCAs, in a quadritrophic interaction system, hence microbiome research opens new research opportunities. The complex modes of action make antagonistic performance and efficacy more dependent on production, formulation, packing, application, and storage. A deep understanding of the mode of action is essential to develop appropriate formulation and methods of application.

453 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A brief overview of the topic of the use of yeasts as postharvest biocontrol agents is provided and includes information on the sources from which yeast antagonists have been isolated, their mode of action, and abiotic stress resistance in yeast as it relates to biOControl performance.

399 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the post-harvest qualities of Shamouti (Citrus sinensi s L. Osbeck) oranges were examined and it was concluded that high concentrations of exogenous applied ethylene are undesirable during storage, and enhance fruit deterioration.

319 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that induced resistance against postharvest decay of citrus fruit should be considered an important component of the multiple modes of action of the yeast Candida oleophila.
Abstract: The yeast Candida oleophila, the base of the commercial product Aspire, is recommended for the control of postharvest decay in citrus and pome fruit Its modes of action include nutrient competition, site exclusion, and direct mycoparasitism In the present study, we showed that application of Candida oleophila to surface wounds or to intact ‘Marsh Seedless’ grapefruit elicited systemic resistance against Penicillium digitatum, the main postharvest pathogen of citrus fruit The induction of pathogen resistance in fruit was already pronounced 24 h after elicitation; it was distance, concentration, and time dependent and restricted to the peel tissue closely surrounding the yeast application site The induction of pathogen resistance required viable yeast cells at concentrations of 108 to 109 cells ml-1 Nonviable autoclaved or boiled yeast cells or lower yeast concentrations were ineffective in enhancing fruit disease resistance Application of Candida oleophila cell suspensions to grapefruit peel

301 citations


Cited by
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01 Jun 2012
TL;DR: SPAdes as mentioned in this paper is a new assembler for both single-cell and standard (multicell) assembly, and demonstrate that it improves on the recently released E+V-SC assembler and on popular assemblers Velvet and SoapDeNovo (for multicell data).
Abstract: The lion's share of bacteria in various environments cannot be cloned in the laboratory and thus cannot be sequenced using existing technologies. A major goal of single-cell genomics is to complement gene-centric metagenomic data with whole-genome assemblies of uncultivated organisms. Assembly of single-cell data is challenging because of highly non-uniform read coverage as well as elevated levels of sequencing errors and chimeric reads. We describe SPAdes, a new assembler for both single-cell and standard (multicell) assembly, and demonstrate that it improves on the recently released E+V-SC assembler (specialized for single-cell data) and on popular assemblers Velvet and SoapDeNovo (for multicell data). SPAdes generates single-cell assemblies, providing information about genomes of uncultivatable bacteria that vastly exceeds what may be obtained via traditional metagenomics studies. SPAdes is available online ( http://bioinf.spbau.ru/spades ). It is distributed as open source software.

10,124 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarizes the chemistry, biosynthesis and occurrence of the compounds involved, namely the C6-C3-C6 flavonoids-anthocyanins, dihydrochalcones, Flavan-3-ols, flavanones, flavones, Flavonols and isoflavones, and the mechanisms underlying these processes are discussed.

1,728 citations

Journal Article

1,633 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: New evidence suggests that the pathogen triggers the host to induce programmed cell death as an attack strategy, which could offer new approaches for stable polygenic resistance in future.
Abstract: Introduction: Botrytis cinerea (teleomorph: Botryotinia fuckeliana) is an airborne plant pathogen with a necrotrophic lifestyle attacking over 200 crop hosts worldwide. Although there are fungicides for its control, many classes of fungicides have failed due to its genetic plasticity. It has become an important model for molecular study of necrotrophic fungi. Taxonomy: Kingdom: Fungi, phylum: Ascomycota, subphylum: Pezizomycotina, class: Leotiomycetes, order: Helotiales, family: Sclerotiniaceae, genus: Botryotinia. Host range and symptoms: Over 200 mainly dicotyledonous plant species, including important protein, oil, fibre and horticultural crops, are affected in temperate and subtropical regions. It can cause soft rotting of all aerial plant parts, and rotting of vegetables, fruits and flowers post-harvest to produce prolific grey conidiophores and (macro)conidia typical of the disease. Pathogenicity: B. cinerea produces a range of cell-wall-degrading enzymes, toxins and other low-molecular-weight compounds such as oxalic acid. New evidence suggests that the pathogen triggers the host to induce programmed cell death as an attack strategy. Resistance: There are few examples of robust genetic host resistance, but recent work has identified quantitative trait loci in tomato that offer new approaches for stable polygenic resistance in future.

1,199 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The availability of the complete genome sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana, and the extensive expressed sequence tag resources in other species allow, for the first time, a full appreciation of the comparative genetic complexity of the phenylpropanoid pathway across species.
Abstract: Summary The functions of phenylpropanoid compounds in plant defence range from preformed or inducible physical and chemical barriers against infection to signal molecules involved in local and systemic signalling for defence gene induction. Defensive functions are not restricted to a particular class of phenylpropanoid compound, but are found in the simple hydroxycinnamic acids and monolignols through to the more complex flavonoids, isoflavonoids, and stilbenes. The enzymatic steps involved in the biosynthesis of the major classes of phenylpropanoid compounds are now well established, and many of the corresponding genes have been cloned. Less is understood about the regulatory genes that orchestrate rapid, coordinated induction of phenylpropanoid defences in response to microbial attack. Many of the biosynthetic pathway enzymes are encoded by gene families, but the specific functions of individual family members remain to be determined. The availability of the complete genome sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana, and the extensive expressed sequence tag (EST) resources in other species, such as rice, soybean, barrel medic, and tomato, allow, for the first time, a full appreciation of the comparative genetic complexity of the phenylpropanoid pathway across species. In addition, gene expression array analysis and metabolic profiling approaches make possible comparative parallel analyses of global changes at the genome and metabolome levels, facilitating an understanding of the relationships between changes in specific transcripts and subsequent alterations in metabolism in response to infection.

1,155 citations