Sandrine Caroly

Bio: Sandrine Caroly is an academic researcher from Pierre Mendès-France University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Concurrent validity & Job satisfaction. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 9 publications receiving 97 citations.

Behaviors and Causal Explanations of Road-Tunnel Users During a Fire

Abstract: La presente etude vise a apprehender le comportement des usagers a l’occasion d’un incendie dans un tunnel routier et de cerner l’effet du stress sur ce comportement ainsi que les explications causales fournies pour les incendies de tunnel et les comportements de non-evacuation lorsqu’une alerte est donnee Differents scenarios d’incendie sont proposes a 217 participants qui doivent evaluer leur comportement probable dans les situations decrites ou fournir des explications pour l’incendie qui y est decrit On mesure egalement le niveau du stress percu des participants a l’aide d’une sous-echelle extraite de l’Echelle de Depression, Anxiete et Stress (DASS, Lovibond, & Lovibond, 1995) Les resultats montrent que les participants tendent a adopter des comportements plus risques en situation de trafic fluide qu’en situation de trafic intense Le stress percu des usagers les conduit a adopter des comportements inadaptes, mais contrairement a Hennessy et Wiesenthal (1997), la relation est plus forte en situation de trafic fluide qu’en situation de trafic avec congestion On notre une certaine rigidite comportementale de certains participants qui tendent a adopter des comportements identiques quelle que soit la situation du trafic Les comportements declares semblent coherents a l’interieur d’une meme situation mais pas toujours securitaires Les explications fournies pour les incendies sont d’autant plus internes que les incendies sont graves Enfin, les comportements de non-evacuation sont attribues majoritairement a des facteurs internes propres aux personnes impliquees Des suggestions pour des actions de prevention durables fondees sur les croyances et les representations sont proposees

Depression in Hospital-Employed Nurses

Abstract: Depression impacts 9.4% of the adult population in the United States, and it is known to impact work performance. Nurses with depression are not only likely to suffer themselves, but their illness may have an impact on their coworkers and potentially the quality of care they provide. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression in a random sample of hospital-employed nurses to determine individual and workplace characteristics that are associated with depression. A cross-sectional survey design of 1171 registered nurses was used. Measures included individual characteristics, workplace characteristics, work productivity, and depression (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire). Data analysis demonstrated a depressive symptom rate of 18%. The linear regression model accounted for 60.6% of the variation in the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scores. Body mass index, job satisfaction, number of health problems, mental well-being, and health-related productivity had significant relationships with depression (P < .05). Hospital-employed nurses have higher rates of depressive symptoms than national norms. Advanced practice nurses can assist with educating nurses on recognizing depression and confidential interventions, including the use of computerized cognitive-based therapy.

Associations of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Components of Work Stress with Health: A Systematic Review of Evidence on the Effort-Reward Imbalance Model

Abstract: Mainstream psychological stress theory claims that it is important to include information on people's ways of coping with work stress when assessing the impact of stressful psychosocial work environments on health. Yet, some widely used respective theoretical models focus exclusively on extrinsic factors. The model of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) differs from them as it explicitly combines information on extrinsic and intrinsic factors in studying workers' health. As a growing number of studies used the ERI model in recent past, we conducted a systematic review of available evidence, with a special focus on the distinct contribution of its intrinsic component, the coping pattern "over-commitment", towards explaining health. Moreover, we explore whether the interaction of intrinsic and extrinsic components exceeds the size of effects on health attributable to single components. Results based on 51 reports document an independent explanatory role of "over-commitment" in explaining workers' health in a majority of studies. However, support in favour of the interaction hypothesis is limited and requires further exploration. In conclusion, the findings of this review support the usefulness of a work stress model that combines extrinsic and intrinsic components in terms of scientific explanation and of designing more comprehensive worksite stress prevention programs.

Travail et pouvoir d’agir de Clot

Abstract: Yves Clot est titulaire de la Chaire de psychologie du travail du Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers (CNAM) au sein duquel il dirige l’equipe de clinique de l’activite. Cet ouvrage est le second qu’il publie dans cette collection, le premier « La fonction psychologique du travail » est paru en 1999. Entre les deux s’inscrivent un grand nombre de publications, dont beaucoup avec d’autres chercheurs, comme on pourra le constater en consultant la bibliographie de ce livre. Ce denier reun...

Organizational Climate and Employee Mental Health Outcomes -- A Systematic Review of Studies in Health Care Organizations

Abstract: Background: In recent years, the high prevalence of mental health problems among health care workers has given rise to great concern. The academic literature suggests that employees’ perceptions of their work environment can play a role in explaining mental health outcomes.Purposes: We conducted a systematic review of the literature in order to answer the following two research questions: (1) how does organizational climate relate to mental health outcomes among employees working in health care organizations and (2) which organizational climate dimension is most strongly related to mental health outcomes among employees working in health care organizations.Methodology/Approach: Four search strategies plus inclusion and quality assessment criteria were applied to identify and select eligible studies. As a result, 21 studies were included in the review. Data were extracted from the studies to create a findings database. The contents of the studies were analyzed and categorized according to common characteristics.Findings: Perceptions of a good organizational climate were significantly associated with positive employee mental health outcomes such as lower levels of burnout, depression, and anxiety. More specifically, our findings indicate that group relationships between co-workers are very important in explaining the mental health of health care workers. There is also evidence that aspects of leadership and supervision affect mental health outcomes. Relationships between communication, or participation, and mental health outcomes were less clear.Practical Implications: If health care organizations want to address mental health issues among their staff, our findings suggest that organizations will benefit from incorporating organizational climate factors in their health and safety policies. Stimulating a supportive atmosphere among co-workers and developing relationship-oriented leadership styles would seem to be steps in the right direction.