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Santosh Kumar

Bio: Santosh Kumar is an academic researcher from National Institute of Technology, Karnataka. The author has contributed to research in topics: Grid & Smart grid. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 8 publications receiving 48 citations.

Papers
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Dec 2014
TL;DR: In this paper the On-Board V2G integrator is proposed and is modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK, the conversion efficiency of 90% is obtained, the benefits of V2Gs are listed and the proposed integrators are modeled.
Abstract: The growing oil demands and the economic concerns have inspired the governments, car manufactures and the environmentalist to promote the manufacturing of Electrical Vehicles (EV). With developments in the power grid and advancements in the vehicle technology the EVs can contribute to the grid by selling or buying power from the grid. For the effective and efficient use of the V2G there is a major scope to develop the V2G integrators like On-Board and Off-Board. In this paper the On-Board V2G integrator is proposed and is modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The conversion efficiency of 90% is obtained and the benefits of V2G are listed.

14 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
03 May 2015
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol for EV-to-EV communication in V2G to facilitate the participation of EVs in power transaction, and the downlink physical layer of LTE protocol is modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Abstract: The communication between the grid control center (GCC) to aggregator and aggregator to Electrical Vehicles (EV) is very important in order to support the grid requirements and meet the load demand in a short duration of time. The aggregator sends the power requirement information to EVs and EVs have to receive this information irrespective of either being parked or moving. The EVs which have received this information can communicate the same to other EVs which have not received it. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol is proposed for EV to EV communication in V2G to facilitate the participation of EVs in power transaction. The downlink physical layer of LTE protocol is modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK and its performance is investigated.

10 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Markov chain based stochastic model is proposed for EVPL occupancy in V2G for Smart Grid application in order to connect group of electrical vehicles to the grid for power transaction.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an off-board V2G integrator is proposed and simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK for the simulation purpose of the V2GD operation with two EVs connected to the grid.
Abstract: The serious environment concerns and growing oil demands have promotedthe development of Electrical Vehicles (EV). The group of EVs can contribute largelyto the grid requirements and participate in power transaction in order to meet the loaddemands. The Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) helps in maintaining the power system stabilityfor a short duration of time. The Off-Board V2G integrator is proposed in this paper andsimulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The V2G (discharging) operation is consideredwith two EVs connected to the grid for the simulation purpose.

7 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Dec 2015
TL;DR: Development of Markov chain based stochastic model of Electric Vehicle Parking Lot (EVPL) occupancy is proposed and a developed model is simulated using MATLAB and the results are presented.
Abstract: The concept of connecting group of electric vehicles (EVs) to the grid for power transaction is known as Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G). The EVs can be connected to the grid through V2G integrators and charging slots. The arrival of EVs in parking lot is time varying and random in nature and facilitating them to participate in power transaction is challenging and aggregator's responsibility. In this paper, development of Markov chain based stochastic model of Electric Vehicle Parking Lot (EVPL) occupancy is proposed. A developed model is simulated using MATLAB and the results are presented.

6 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A more inclusive review of the IoV for also serving the needs of smart cities for large-scale data sensing, collection, information processing, and storage and presents a new universal architecture which can be used for different communication models in smart cities.
Abstract: The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a convergence of the mobile Internet and the Internet of Things (IoT), where vehicles function as smart moving intelligent nodes or objects within the sensing network. This paper gives two contributions to the state-of-the-art for IoV technology research. First, we present a comprehensive review of the current and emerging IoV paradigms and communication models with an emphasis on deployment in smart cities. Currently, surveys from many authors have focused concentration on the IoV as only serving applications for intelligent transportation like driver safety, traffic efficiency, and infotainment. This paper presents a more inclusive review of the IoV for also serving the needs of smart cities for large-scale data sensing, collection, information processing, and storage. The second component of the paper presents a new universal architecture for the IoV which can be used for different communication models in smart cities to address the above challenges. It consists of seven layers: vehicle identification layer, object layer, inter-intra devices layer, communication layer, servers and cloud services layer, big data and multimedia computation layer, and application layer. The final part of this paper discusses various challenges and gives some experimental results and insights for future research direction such as the effects of a large and growing number of vehicles and the packet delivery success rate in the dynamic network structure in a smart city scenario.

136 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Hakpyeong Kim1, Heeju Choi1, Hyuna Kang1, Jongbaek An1, Seungkeun Yeom1, Taehoon Hong1 
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the research themes on smart homes and cities through a quantitative review and identified barriers to the progression of smart homes to sustainable smart cities through qualitative review, based on the results of the holistic framework of each domain (smart home and city) and the techno-functional barriers.
Abstract: In recent years, smart cities have emerged with energy conservation systems for managing energy in cities as well as buildings. Although many studies on energy conservation systems of smart homes have already been conducted, energy management at the city level is still a challenge due to the various building types and complex infrastructure. Therefore, this paper investigated the research themes on smart homes and cities through a quantitative review and identified barriers to the progression of smart homes to sustainable smart cities through a qualitative review. Based on the results of the holistic framework of each domain (smart home and city) and the techno-functional barriers, this study suggests that the following innovative solutions be suitably applied to advanced energy conservation systems in sustainable smart cities: (i) construction of infrastructure for advanced energy conservation systems, and (ii) adoption of a new strategy for energy trading in distributed energy systems. Especially, to reflect consumer behavior and energy in sustainable smart cities, the following responses to future research challenges according to the “bottom-up approach (smart home level to smart city level)” are proposed: (i) development of real-time energy monitoring, diagnostics and controlling technologies; (ii) application of intelligent energy management technologies; and (iii) implementation of integrated energy network technologies at the city level. This paper is expected to play a leading role as a knowledge-based systematic guide for future research on the implementation of energy conservation systems in sustainable smart cities.

120 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive review categorically on the recent advances and past research developments of EV paradigm over the last two decades is presented, where every category and subcategory herein is thoroughly and independently investigated.
Abstract: Electric vehicles (EVs) have been increasingly experiencing sales growth, and it is still not clear how to handle the associated impacts of a substantial integration of EVs against the power network performance and electricity deregulated market Power networks development moves slowly compared to EVs, so it is hard to harmonize the two systems Also, the associated cost required to modernize electric networks to accommodate the EVs additional loading is so huge that it makes it impractical An electric network would suffer from many performances and quality-related problems if a significant number of EVs are not taken into account Thus, it is vital to calculate at a reasonable accuracy the additional capacity to which the network would take Also, the modeling of these EVs in terms of charge/discharge procedure (central or distributed) is essential to enable the optimization and compute potential impacts The electricity market has to interface with the bidirectional supply nature of the EVs, so they become economically feasible A business model that incorporates market structure and standards is selected in harmony with the charge/discharge model for best outcomes Some approaches, algorithms, and schemes are deemed necessary to mitigate the effects of having EVs in the network This paper presents a comprehensive review categorically on the recent advances and past research developments of EV paradigm over the last two decades The main intent of this paper is to provide an application-focused survey, where every category and subcategory herein is thoroughly and independently investigated

56 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article reviews the achievement of EMSs in the EV system reducing fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission and focuses on the up-to-date and state-of-the-art standards of EV technology, energy resources, charging topologies and infrastructure, EMS classification, power conditional units, and electric load management.

53 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The need to improve and scale multi-agent RL methods to enable seamless distributed power dispatch among interconnected microgrids is identified.
Abstract: Utility grids are undergoing several upgrades. Distributed generators that are supplied by intermittent renewable energy sources (RES) are being connected to the grids. As RES get cheaper, more customers are opting for peer-to-peer energy interchanges through the smart metering infrastructure. Consequently, power management in grid-tied RES-based microgrids has become a challenging task. This paper reviews the applications of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms in managing power in grid-tide microgrids. Unlike other optimization methods such as numerical and soft computing techniques, RL does not require an accurate model of the optimization environment in order to arrive at an optimal solution. In this paper, various challenges associated with the control of power in grid-tied microgrids are described. The application of RL techniques in addressing those challenges is reviewed critically. This review identifies the need to improve and scale multi-agent RL methods to enable seamless distributed power dispatch among interconnected microgrids. Finally, the paper gives directions for future research, e.g., the hybridization of intrinsic and extrinsic reward schemes, the use of transfer learning to improve the learning outcomes of RL in complex power systems environments and the deployment of priority-based experience replay in post-disaster microgrid power flow control.

40 citations