Santoshkumar Hampannavar

Bio: Santoshkumar Hampannavar is an academic researcher from Reva Institute of Technology and Management. The author has contributed to research in topics: Smart grid & Electric vehicle. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 15 publications receiving 30 citations.

Modeling and Simulation for Capacity Fade Prediction of Lithium-Ion Battery

Abstract: This work shows the modeling and simulation-based health analysis for the lithium-ion battery. In the lithiumion batteries health is the burning issue. In this work health is predicted for the lithium-ion single cell. The lithium-ion generic model is trained by the various number of charging and discharging cycles 100 cycle to 1000 cycles for the analysis. Lithium-ion battery voltage is predicted with aging at constant discharging rate 1C. The capacity of the battery compared with the SoC of the with time and voltage. Nominal 3.8 volt and 2Ah rated Lithium Ion NMC cell have been investigated for this work .This study exhibits the lithium ion battery health condition with higher use of the battery in the everyday day life. The simulation results show the overall capacity fading behaviour in the proposed work.

Power quality issues by nonlinear loads and use of K-rated transformer

Abstract: In neoteric the term harmonics distortion for power quality improvement and also for future purpose plays a vital role with consequential basic. Use of Non-Linear loads are dominating in every sector and Harmonic currents generated by non-linear loads generates extra losses in transformer. Standard transformers are designed to tackle the losses generated by linear loads. These unwanted extra losses cause the overheating and premature failure in transformers. This is a very sensitive problem of transformers. General solution to this problem is to de-rate the transformer. K-factor is an index used to de-rate the transformer to tackle the non-linearity effect. But de-rating is not an energy efficient and scientific solution. Prefect solution is to use active / passive filters and power quality conditioners. But these are not used by general customer due to these costs and other reasons. Technical solution to this problem is to change or modify the design to accommodate the extra losses due to non-linear loads. These specially designed transformers are K-Rated Transformers. Basic design parameters of K-rated transformer are to minimize the harmonic current losses and have an additional thermal capacity to handle extra losses. Main objective of this paper is to study the effect of K-factor concept due to non-linear loads, generation of harmonics currents and use of K-Rated Transformer instead of De-rating the transformer. K-rated transformers allow operation up to nameplate capacity without de-rating

Performance Improvement of M-Class Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) using Hamming and Blackman Windows

Abstract: According to the standard C37.118.1, Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) can be broadly classified into two classes: Measurement (M) and Performance (P), where P-Class is used when faster output latency is required and M-Class is used for measurement applications which requires high precision. The standard presents Hamming window as a reference algorithm for M-Class PMU whereas, in this paper we use Blackman window algorithm. The performance of M-Class PMU is analyzed with both the algorithms by taking two case studies in which input given to the PMU is contaminated with different levels of harmonics, inter-harmonics and frequency ramps in each case and it is found that, the errors in frequency and rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) measured by PMU are reduced by a factor of >100 with the Blackman window algorithm when compared to a Hamming window algorithm (which is specified in the standard).

Applications of Battery Management System (BMS) in Sustainable Transportation: A Comprehensive Approach from Battery Modeling to Battery Integration to the Power Grid

Abstract: The growing oil demand and serious environmental concerns have promoted the concept of the usage of electric vehicles (EVs) across the globe. EVs can be integrated into the grid for power transaction and to support the grid requirements, thereby drawing the attention of researchers, policy makers and industries. EVs are not only a transportation tool but also act as a distributed source or load. The EV battery plays a prominent role in grid integration and sustainable transportation. The monitoring and control aspect of the battery management system (BMS) plays a vital role in the successful deployment and usage of EVs. In this paper, an equivalent circuit model (ECM) of battery is proposed and analyzed that describes the battery behavior at various temperatures, considering the internal resistance of the battery. A stochastic model was developed for the battery ageing and replacement to ensure that systematic replacement of batteries based on the calendar ageing was performed. A reliability assessment of EV accessibility and availability was carried out by using Markov chain. A case study of a Diesel-renewable powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS) in a micro-grid was carried out that suits the requirement of large-scale EV fleet integration to the grid for power transaction. The holistic approach of BMS was considered for the sustainable transportation and grid integration

Gridable Electric Vehicle (GEV) Aggregation in Distribution Network to Support Grid Requirements: A Communication Approach

Abstract: Abstract Electric Vehicles (EV) can be connected to the grid for power transaction and also serve as distributed resource (DR) or distributed energy storage system (DESS). The concept of connecting group of EVs or gridable EVs (GEV) to the grid is called Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G). V2G is a prominent energy storage system as it is flexible and can be used to support the grid requirements in order to meet the time varying load demand. Optimal placement of GEV aggregation in power distribution network is very challenging and helps in maintaining stability of the power system for a shorter duration of time. In this paper, algorithm is developed for estimating parameters like Ploss, Qloss, Vpu based on past history and wireless access support for Control and Monitoring Unit (CMU) to aggregator agent communication is proposed using Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol. The load flow studies are carried using MiPOWER software in order to obtain the optimal location for the placement of GEV aggregation in power distribution network. LTE physical layer is modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK and the performance is analyzed using bit error rate (BER) v/s signal to noise ratio (SNR) curves.

A systematic review of the smart energy conservation system: From smart homes to sustainable smart cities

Abstract: In recent years, smart cities have emerged with energy conservation systems for managing energy in cities as well as buildings. Although many studies on energy conservation systems of smart homes have already been conducted, energy management at the city level is still a challenge due to the various building types and complex infrastructure. Therefore, this paper investigated the research themes on smart homes and cities through a quantitative review and identified barriers to the progression of smart homes to sustainable smart cities through a qualitative review. Based on the results of the holistic framework of each domain (smart home and city) and the techno-functional barriers, this study suggests that the following innovative solutions be suitably applied to advanced energy conservation systems in sustainable smart cities: (i) construction of infrastructure for advanced energy conservation systems, and (ii) adoption of a new strategy for energy trading in distributed energy systems. Especially, to reflect consumer behavior and energy in sustainable smart cities, the following responses to future research challenges according to the “bottom-up approach (smart home level to smart city level)” are proposed: (i) development of real-time energy monitoring, diagnostics and controlling technologies; (ii) application of intelligent energy management technologies; and (iii) implementation of integrated energy network technologies at the city level. This paper is expected to play a leading role as a knowledge-based systematic guide for future research on the implementation of energy conservation systems in sustainable smart cities.

Vehicle-to-X (V2X) implementation: An overview of predominate trial configurations and technical, social and regulatory challenges

Abstract: The uptake of electric vehicles supports decarbonization and increasingly interconnects the electricity and transport system. While the integration of electric vehicles could challenge electricity grids, bidirectional power flows between vehicles and grids could support grid operations. Despite the globally increasing number of Vehicle-to-X trials, including Vehicle-to-Grid and Vehicle-to-Customer, an in-depth understanding of trial implementations and expert experiences has largely been overlooked although they are both crucial for technological development and deployment. Based on our analysis of a global Vehicle-to-X trial database and 47 interviews with experts from industry and academia, we (i) provide an overview of the implementation status of Vehicle-to-X and analyze predominate trial configurations, i.e. combinations of characteristics, (ii) identify important technical, social and regulatory challenges for the implementation of Vehicle-to-X and assess and discuss expert evaluations of these challenges and (iii) derive implications for different actors. The most predominate trial configurations are Vehicle-to-Customer and transmission-level services provided by commercial fleets that charge at work due to current practical advantages of centralized approaches. From a technical standpoint, we find that although Vehicle-to-X can defer or even mitigate grid reinforcement at the distribution level, this potential is highly dependent on local conditions. Regarding social aspects, incentives and Vehicle-to-X operations need to be tailored to different vehicle users. Concerning regulation, it is imperative to avoid double taxation of electricity, simplify market participation for small providers, and further develop Vehicle-to-X standards. Implications for actors include the evaluation and enablement of portfolios with different flexibility assets, and stacking of services to increase revenue streams and reduce risk resulting from variations in driving patterns and charging behavior.

A Modified Multi Level Inverter With Inverted SPWM Control

Abstract: Existing multilevel inverter circuits are constructed by using more number of components and boost operation is not possible. Modified multilevel inverter with step-up operation using fewer components is proposed in this article. The proposed circuit consists of three capacitors and eight switches, which can able to produce seven-level output. Boost operation is based on the charge pump principle, which can boost 1.5 times of the input voltage in the output. Based on this idea, five-level, seven-level, and nine-level topologies are developed in simulink platform, and the outputs are presented in Section IV. A sine pulsewidth modulation (SPWM) is employed to drive switches, and switching pattern is mainly focused to balance the capacitors and to balance capacitor charging/discharging. Among the three proposed circuits, seven-level circuit is discussed in Section II, using mathematical modeling in MATLAB platform and validated in the real-time model. The main aim of this topology is to reduce total harmonic distortion.

Remote Controlled Laboratory Experiments for Engineering Education in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Concept and Example

Abstract: The worldwide outbreak due to COVID-19 pandemic lead to a major change in the life style in general and in the education system in specific. To help contain the impacts of COVID-19, universities and schools need to strongly shift to various electronic education models such as online learning, distance learning and blended learning. One of the crucial models that support the success of distance learning especially in engineering education is the remote-controlled experimentations, which allow students to execute the required practical work in a similar way as it conducted in the physical laboratories if it is appropriately designed. This paper introduces an integrated solution for improving the remotely controlled working on the educational laboratory experiments for electrical engineering sector. The proposed solution consists of four main components: Internet of remote-controlled things that represent the required experimentation devices, cloud platform, TCP/IP Internet communication connection, and finally the control and monitoring application. A complete experiment for phasor measurement unit (PMU) system as an example is deployed in the university laboratory with its all components which is completely controlled and managed remotely from the home through Internet. PMU is installed in a prototype of electrical substation with different types of loads. All required experimental data and results are successfully obtained and controlled through the developed system with the required accuracy and performance.