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Composite Materials Science And Engineering

Metal matrix composites are difficult to machine in traditional machining methods. Abrasive water jet machining is a state-of-the art technology which enables machining of practically all engineeri...

A study on kerf characteristics of hybrid aluminium 7075 metal matrix composites machined using abrasive water jet machining technology

The present work explores the microstructural and mechanical properties of Aluminium (Al) Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) fortified with Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) and nanographene particles. The composite material is processed by the mix fluid metallurgy course. ZrO2 and graphene is blended in various extents in which ZrO2 (1 wt. %) reinforcement is kept steady and graphene support is varied independently with 0.5 and 0.75 wt. %. Utilizing optical and SEM equipment, micro examination is conveyed and results uncover that uniform circulation of ceramic zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and graphene particles are found in the as cast Al6061 MMCs. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) investigation is done to know the quality and measure of fortification present in composites and notes the energy gap (Eg) obtained as 4.05 eV. Mechanical tests according to ASTM standards were led on the composites viz., tensile strength, yield strength and % elongation to check the properties of Al based MMCs. The consequence of this work is reasoned with a noteworthy improvement in tensile and yield strength values of the processed composites however, the percentage elongation diminishes with the addition of reinforcement content in the fabricated composite.

Synthesis and characterization of nano graphene and ZrO2 reinforced Al 6061 metal matrix composites

Graphene, a two-dimensional single layered carbon atoms crystal lattice has grabbed much attention due to its unique electronic, surface, mechanical and optoelectronic characteristics. Owing to its unique structure and properties, graphene has opened new opportunities for the future systems and devices, which has led to increase its demand in numerous applications. However, scaling up its production is still a challenging job. Although there is a huge body of literature on the graphene synthesis using various techniques but eco-friendly and cost–effective processes for mass scale production are still needed. In order to conceptualize and develop the processes fulfilling the growing concerns, it is important to overview the existing literature. The current review summarizes the production of graphene using several approaches as well as the potential of various waste materials as graphene precursors. The methods used for graphene synthesis have been categorized into top down techniques such as chemical exfoliation, mechanical exfoliation and chemical fabrication processes, and bottom up techniques including pyrolysis, plasma synthesis, epitaxial growth and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes. Conversely, several limitations are considerate for an individual procedure such as toxicity of chemicals, high-cost, time consumption or inadequate quality of the product. Furthermore, mass production of graphene derivatives under low-cost can also be considered by utilizing a variety of wastes precursors such as plastic and batteries waste, newspaper, biomass, chitosan, coal, insects waste etc. This review designates the current advances in wastes-derived graphene synthesis to relief synthetic difficulties as well as predicts the future development in this area.

Advances in synthesis of graphene derivatives using industrial wastes precursors; prospects and challenges

The use of metal matrix composites (MMCs) in a variety of products is significantly increasing with time due to the fact that their properties can be tailored and designed to suit specific applications. However, the future usage of MMC products is very much dependent on their beneficial aspects and hence it is critical to ensure in a robust repeatable manner the superior physical property advantages compared to conventional unreinforced monolithic metal counterparts. Although numerous routes are available for production of MMC products, each of them has their own advantages and disadvantages. This article provides an overview of advanced production routes for MMCs. The discussion also highlights challenges and presents a future prospectus for MMCs. Powder metallurgy and casting routes are still extensively used for production of MMCs. Aluminum alloys are today the most commonly used matrix materials in MMC products. Carbides (eg, SiC, TiC, and B4C), carbon allotropes (eg, CNTs and graphene), and alumina (Al2O3) are currently the most used reinforcement materials. Nevertheless, the use of nano and of hybrid reinforcements are seeing increased usage in niche applications. Additive manufacturing (AM) is discussed as a novel production route for MMC products. This process represents a promising method for the production of MMC products.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/eng2.12330

Advanced production routes for metal matrix composites

The present investigation is carried out on Al-xAlB2 (x = 1, 3 and 5 wt%) in situ composites combined and created by methods using exothermic response between molten aluminium and mixed halide salts KBF4 and Na3AlF6 at a temperature of 800–850 °C by employing fluid metallurgy route. The base matrix and specimens of in situ composites were presented to solutionizing treatment at a temperature of 535 °C for 60 min and sought after by water extinguishing. The extinguished smothered composite specimens were presented to artificial ageing and maintained at a temperature of 175 °C for 10 h. The in situ composite specimens were presented to microstructure assessment and the result uncovered that clean and even AlB2 particulates dispersed reliably with incredible interfacial holding and detachments were noted all through the matrix by employing SEM/EDS equipment. By far, maximum of the AlB2 particles appear with different structures encompassing tube-formed, hexagonal, spherical and rectangle shapes. The XRD models uncovered the course of action of AlB2 particulates without the nearness of some other synthetic compound. The composites specimens were assessed for mechanical, wear and corrosion tests by the ASTM measures by using UTM, Pin-on-Disc and potentiodynamic corrosion testing machine. The heat-treated composites overhauled the mechanical properties, for instance, ultimate tensile strength, compression and hardness properties, and wear rate diminished with heat-treated in situ composites with increase in the wt% of AlB2 particulates pliability of the composite lessened. Tafel polarization bends by potentiodynamic equipment have brought a part of the electro compound parameters and presumes that higher erosion opposition was offered by heat-treated composites and appeared differently in relation to as-cast and untreated composites in the picked consumption media.

Impact of Heat Treatment on Mechanical, Wear and Corrosion Behaviour of In Situ AlB2 Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites Produced by Liquid Metallurgy Route

The present work relates to the preparation of Al–AlB2 in situ composite and investigates the characteristics of corrosion of in situ composites in sodium chloride media. Composites containing matrix alloy, XAlB2 (X—1, 3, and 5 wt%), were prepared by an in situ technique involving the chemical reaction between base matrix and halide salt KBF4. To know about the uniform distribution of AlB2 dispersoid in the Al6061 base matrix, microstructural characterization was carried out using SEM. Potentiodynamic Tafel polarization curves have fetched some of the electrochemical parameters. Outcome of the research concludes that higher corrosion resistance was offered by composites compared to base matrix in the selected corrosion media.

Microstructure and Corrosion Characteristics of In Situ Aluminum Diboride Metal Matrix Composites

MMC based on aluminium (Al) were produced for light-weight applications especially in aviation and automobile areas. Present paper deals with the fabrication and mechanical performance of AA6061 matrix composites fortified with Al2O3 (alumina) and graphene particulates. Fluid metallurgy method namely stir casting route was employed for fabricating the hybrid composites. Al2O3p and graphene powder are mixed in different weight fractions in which graphene (1 wt. %) particle reinforcement is held consistent and Al2O3 reinforcement is differed freely with 5, 10 and 15 wt. %. Using optical analyser and SEM equipment, microstructural examination is carried out and the result reveals that the graphene and Al2O3 particles prevalently are homogeneously appropriated on the grain limits of Al matrix and Al2O3 particles are disseminated between graphene in the as-cast AA6061 MMC’s. Detailed analysis on investigation of the microstructure and mechanical aspects of Al6061-graphene-Al2O3p composites is presented by following ASTM guidelines; results uncovered that with increment in reinforcement particles, there is an enhancement in the hardness, ultimate strength, yield strength and a decline in the elongation values was however noticed when contrasted with Al6061 alloy. Fractography investigation revealed dimples in unreinforced alloy and the composite.

Satish Babu Boppana

Papers

Synthesis and characterization of nano graphene and ZrO2 reinforced Al 6061 metal matrix composites

Impact of Heat Treatment on Mechanical, Wear and Corrosion Behaviour of In Situ AlB2 Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites Produced by Liquid Metallurgy Route

Microstructure and Corrosion Characteristics of In Situ Aluminum Diboride Metal Matrix Composites

Development and Mechanical Characterisation of Al6061-Al2O3-Graphene Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites

Harnessing ZnO nanoparticles for antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities