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Artificial intelligence for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery: A review

Wavelets for fault diagnosis of rotary machines: A review with applications

Convolutional Neural Network Based Fault Detection for Rotating Machinery

This review covers advances in electrochemical and biochemical sensor development and usage during 2010 and 2011 In choosing scholarly articles to contribute to this review, special emphasis was placed on work published in the areas of reference electrodes, potentiometric sensors, voltammetric sensors, amperometric sensors, biosensors, immunosensors, and mass sensors In the past two years there have been a number of important papers, that do not fall into the general subsections contained within the larger sections Such novel advances are very important for the field of electrochemical sensors as they open up new avenues and methods for future research Each section above contains a subsection titled “Other Papers of Interest” that includes such articles and describes their importance to the field in general For example, while most electrochemical techniques for sensing analytes of interest are based on the changes in potential or current, Shan et al1 have developed a completely novel method for performing electrochemical measurements In their work, they report a method for imaging local electrochemical current using the optical signal of the electrode surface generated from a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) The electrochemical current image is based on the fact that the current density can be easily calculated from the local SPR signal The authors demonstrated this concept by imaging traces of TNT on a fingerprint on a gold substrate

Full articles and reviews were primarily amassed by searching the SciFinder Scholar and ISI Web of Knowledge Additional articles were found through alternate databases or by perusing analytical journals for pertinent publications Due to the reference limitation, only publications written in English were considered for inclusion Obviously, there have been more published accounts of groundbreaking work with electrochemical and biochemical sensors than those covered here This review is a small sampling of the available literature and not intended to cover every advance of the past two years The literature chosen focuses on new trends in materials, techniques, and clinically relevant applications of novel sensors To ensure proper coverage of these trends, theoretical publications and applications of previously reported sensor development were excluded

We want to remind our readers that this review is not intended to provide comprehensive coverage of electrochemical sensor development, but rather to provide a glimpse of the available depth of knowledge published in the past two years This review is meant to focus on novel methods and materials, with a particular focus on the increasing use of graphene sheets for sensor material development For readers seeking more information on the general principles behind electrochemical sensors and electrochemical methods, we recommend other sources with a broader scope2, 3 Electrochemical sensor research is continually providing new insights into a variety of fields and providing a breadth of relevant literature that is worthy of inclusion in this review Unfortunately, it is impossible to cover each publication and unintentional oversights are inevitable We sincerely apologize to the authors of electrochemical and biochemical sensor publications that were inadvertently overlooked

Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors

The present work describes the static and dynamic performance of an orifice compensated hole-entry hybrid journal bearing system considering the combined influence of surface roughness and non-Newtonian behavior of the lubricant. The modified form of average Reynolds equation has been used for the solution of the lubricant flow field in the clearance space of a rough journal bearing system. The non-Newtonian lubricant has been assumed to obey the power law model. The effects of surface roughness parameter (Λ), variance ratio (V rj) and the surface orientations such as transverse, isotropic and longitudinal surface orientations on the performance characteristics of the bearing have been studied for various values of power law index (n). Scheduled for Presentation at the 58th Annual Meeting in New York City April 28–May 1, 2003

Performance of Externally Pressurized Non-Recessed Roughened Journal Bearing System Operating with Non-Newtonian Lubricant

The present study describes the static and dynamic performance of an orifice-compensated hole-entry hybrid journal bearing system considering the combined influence of surface roughness and thermal effects. The Dowson generalized Reynolds equation governing the flow of variable viscosity lubricant in the clearance space of a smooth journal bearing is modified using the flow factors developed by Patir and Cheng. The effects of surface roughness parameter Λ, variance ratio Vrj, and the surface orientations vis-a-vis transverse, isotropic, and longitudinal roughness patterns on the performance characteristics of bearings are studied. The rough bearing and smooth journal combination (Vrj = 0.0) with a transverse roughness pattern (γ = 1/6) is observed to show the largest predicted load-carrying capacity of the bearing. The smooth bearing and rough journal combination (Vrj = 1.0) with a transverse roughness pattern shows the highest stability threshold speed margin.

Performance of an Orifice Compensated Hole-Entry Hybrid Journal Bearing System Considering Surface Roughness and Thermal Effects

The present paper deals with the theoretical study of geometric imperfections of journal and its influence on the performance of capillary-compensated six-pocket hybrid journal bearing configurations with different geometric shapes of recess. The analysis includes the geometric imperfections of journal such as barrel shape, bellmouth shape, and circumferential undulations and various geometric shapes of recess (square, circular, elliptical, triangular) of same pocket area. The governing Reynolds equation is solved using Galerkin’s technique. The numerically simulated results indicate that the selection of suitable geometric shape of recess is important to have the least influence of different geometric imperfections of journal on the bearing performance.

A study of capillary-compensated geometrically imperfect six-pocket hybrid journal bearing of various geometric shapes of recess

Fracture mechanics at the nanoscale level is a very complex phenomenon, whereas the macroscale fracture mechanics approach can be employed for nanoscale to simulate the effect of fracture in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). In this study, an extended finite element method is used to simulate crack propagation in carbon nanotubes. The concept of the model is based on the assumption that carbon nanotubes, when loaded, behave like space frame structures. The nanostructure is analyzed using the finite element method, and the modified Morse interatomic potential is used to simulate the nonlinear force field of the C‐C bonds. The model has been applied to single-walled zigzag, armchair, and chiral nanotubes subjected to axial tension. The contour integral method is used for the calculation of the J-integral and stress intensity factors (SIFs) at various crack locations and dimensions of nanotubes under tensile loading. A comparative study of results shows the behavior of cracks in carbon nanotubes. It is observed that for the smaller length of nanotube, as the diameter increased, the stress intensity factor is linearly varied while for the longer nanotube, the variation in stress intensity factor is nonlinear. It is also observed that as the crack is oriented closer to the loading end, the stress intensity factor shows higher sensitivity to smaller lengths, which indicates more chances for crack propagation and carbon nanotube breakage. The SIF is found to vary nonlinearly with the diameter of the SWCNT. Also, it is found that the predicted crack evolution, failure stresses, and failure strains of the nanotubes correlate very well with molecular mechanics simulations from literature. DOI: 10.1115/1.4002417

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Analysis of Crack Propagation in Fixed-Free Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Under Tensile Loading Using XFEM

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study theoretically the combined influence of journal misalignment and wear on the performance of a hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing system The bearing is assumed to be operating in a turbulent regimeDesign/methodology/approach – The modified Reynolds equation based on Constantinescu lubrication theory has been solved by using finite element method together with orifice and capillary restrictors flow equations as a constrain together with appropriate boundary conditionsFindings – It has been observed that for a symmetric hole‐entry journal bearing configuration the value of h¯min is more for the bearing compensated by orifice restrictor as compared to capillary restrictor when bearing operates in turbulent regime under worn/unworn conditions From the point of view of stability threshold speed ω¯th, the reduction in the value of ω¯th for capillary compensated bearing is around −389 percent whereas for orifice compensated bearing it is −785 percent when misal

Satish C. Sharma

Papers

Performance of Externally Pressurized Non-Recessed Roughened Journal Bearing System Operating with Non-Newtonian Lubricant

Performance of an Orifice Compensated Hole-Entry Hybrid Journal Bearing System Considering Surface Roughness and Thermal Effects

A study of capillary-compensated geometrically imperfect six-pocket hybrid journal bearing of various geometric shapes of recess

Analysis of Crack Propagation in Fixed-Free Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Under Tensile Loading Using XFEM

A study of misaligned hole‐entry worn journal bearing operating in turbulent regime