Scott E. Wilks

Bio: Scott E. Wilks is an academic researcher from Louisiana State University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Social work & Convergent validity. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 35 publications receiving 879 citations. Previous affiliations of Scott E. Wilks include Gerontological Society of America & University of Georgia.

Perceived stress and resilience in Alzheimer's disease caregivers: Testing moderation and mediation models of social support

Abstract: Objective: The study examined whether social support functioned as a protective, resilience factor among Alzheimer's disease (AD) caregivers. Moderation and mediation models were used to test social support amid stress and resilience. Method: A cross-sectional analysis of self-reported data was conducted. Measures of demographics, perceived stress, family support, friend support, overall social support, and resilience were administered to caregiver attendees (N = 229) of two AD caregiver conferences. Hierarchical regression analysis showed the compounded impact of predictors on resilience. Odds ratios generated probability of high resilience given high stress and social supports. Social support moderation and mediation were tested via distinct series of regression equations. Path analyses illustrated effects on the models for significant moderation and/or mediation. Results: Stress negatively influenced and accounted for most variation in resilience. Social support positively influenced resilience, and ca...

Resilience amid Academic Stress: The Moderating Impact of Social Support among Social Work Students

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between academic stress and perceived resilience among social work students, and to identify social support as a protective factor of resilience on this relationship. A conceptual model of moderation was used to test the role of social support as protective. Methods: The sample consisted of 314 social work students (BSW=144; MSW=170) from three accredited schools/programs in the southern United States. Voluntary survey data were collected on demographics and constructs of academic stress, family support, friend support, and resilience. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to show the composite impact of demographic and model factors on the resilience outcome. Moderation was tested using a traditional regression series as guidelines of moderation with continuous variables. Path analyses illustrated main effects and moderation in the study’s conceptual model. Results: The sample reported moderate levels of academic stress and social support, and a fairly high level of resilience. Academic stress negatively related to social support and resilience. Social support positively influenced resilience. Academic stress accounted for the most variation in resilience scores. Friend support significantly moderated the negative relationship between academic stress and resilience. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated the likelihood that friend support plays a protective role with resilience amid an environment of academic stress. Implications for social work faculty and internship agency practitioners are discussed.

Resilience in undergraduate social work students: social support and adjustment to academic stress

Abstract: The purpose of this exploratory study was to analyze the relationship between academic stress and resilience in American, undergraduate social work students (N = 145), and to identify whether social support functioned as a protective factor amid this relationship. Testing social support within models of mediation and moderation served this purpose. Surveys were submitted to three social work programs and solicited empirical data on academic stress; social support and two subsystems, family and friend support; and perceived resilience. The sample reported moderate levels of academic stress, social support, and resilience. Academic stress significantly (p < 0.05), negatively influenced social support and resilience. Social support systems exerted significant, positive influence with each other and with resilience. No social supports mediated the negative stress effect on resilience. Friend support moderated the academic stress–resilience relationship. Implications for social work educators and field agency ...

Alzheimer's Aggression: Influences on Caregiver Coping and Resilience

Abstract: This study assessed impact of Alzheimer's patients' aggressive behavior (AD aggression) on caregiver coping strategies (task-, emotion-, and avoidance-focused) and caregiver resilience, and examined whether coping strategy moderated the AD aggression-caregiver resilience relationship. Informal caregivers across Louisiana (N = 419) completed surveys with measures of demographics, AD aggression, caregiver coping strategies, and caregiver resilience. Task-focused coping positively related to resilience. Aggression negatively predicted caregiver resilience. Emotion- and avoidance-focused coping strategies separately interacted with aggression and increased its negative relationship to caregiver resilience. Task-focused coping showed no moderation. Implications for social work professionals are discussed.

Social support and immunosuppressant therapy adherence among adult renal transplant recipients

Abstract: Chisholm-Burns MA, Spivey CA, Wilks SE. Social support and immunosuppressant therapy adherence among adult renal transplant recipients. Clin Transplant 2010: 24: 312–320. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between social support and immunosuppressant therapy adherence among adult renal transplant recipients. Methods: A cross-sectional, survey design was employed. Mailed questionnaires were used to collect data from 81 recipients, and included the Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale© (ITAS©) and Modified Social Support Survey (MSSS-5). The correlation between ITAS© and MSSS-5 summary scores was assessed using the correlation coefficient (r). Analyses of the following relationships were conducted using correlation coefficients: (i) ITAS© summary score and individual items of the MSSS-5; and (ii) MSSS-5 summary score and individual items of the ITAS©. A hierarchical regression was conducted. Results: The response rate was 74%. The relationship between social support and adherence was significant (r = 0.214, p < 0.05). Two MSSS-5 items (affectionate support and instrumental support pertaining to household functions) were related to ITAS© summary score (p < 0.05), and one ITAS© item (forgetfulness) was related to the MSSS-5 summary score (p < 0.05). The regression model (all MSSS-5 items) accounted for 24% of the variation in ITAS© summary scores. Conclusions: The findings suggest that strategies utilizing social support to address forgetfulness as well as strategies to improve affectionate support and instrumental support related to daily household functions may be useful adherence intervention tools.

Using Multivariate Statistics

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Resilience, Social Support, and Coping as Mediators between COVID-19-related Stressful Experiences and Acute Stress Disorder among College Students in China.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak might induce acute stress disorder (ASD) to people living in the epidemic regions. The current study aims to investigate the association of COVID-19-related stressful experiences with ASD and possible psychological mechanisms of the association among college students. METHODS: Data were collected from 7,800 college students via an online survey during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in China (from 31 January to 11 February 2020). Existing scales were adapted to measure stressful experiences, resilience, coping, social support, and ASD symptoms. Path analysis was employed to examine the research hypotheses. RESULTS: Among the 7,800 college students, 61.53% were women and their mean age was 20.54 years. Both direct and indirect effects from COVID-19-related stressful experiences to ASD symptoms were significant. The relationship between COVID-19-related stressful experiences and ASD could be mediated by resilience (s = 0.01, p < .001), adaptive coping strategies (s = 0.02, p < .001), and social support (s = 0.01, p < .001); while not being significantly mediated by maladaptive coping strategies. CONCLUSION: The findings presented the ASD symptoms related to the COVID-19 outbreak and the mediating role of interpersonal and intrapersonal factors in the association. Identifying the risk and protective factors is important to reduce acute psychological responses.