Author
Shanshan Xu
Other affiliations: University of Michigan
Bio: Shanshan Xu is an academic researcher from University of Colorado Boulder. The author has contributed to research in topics: Heat transfer & Condensation. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 15 publications receiving 400 citations. Previous affiliations of Shanshan Xu include University of Michigan.
Topics: Heat transfer, Condensation, Heat pipe, Subcooling, Thermal resistance
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, a stable and efficient jumping droplet condensation on a superhydrophobic surface with three-dimensional (3D) copper nanowire networks was demonstrated for the first time.
178 citations
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TL;DR: This work presents a novel strategy to manipulate droplet behaviors during the process from the droplet nucleation to growth and departure through a combination of spatially controlling initial nucleation for mobile droplets by closely spaced nanowires and promoting the spontaneous outward movement of droplets for rapid removal using micropatterned nanowire arrays.
Abstract: Self-propelled droplet jumping on nanostructured superhydrophobic surfaces is of interest for a variety of industrial applications including self-cleaning, water harvesting, power generation, and thermal management systems. However, the uncontrolled nucleation-induced Wenzel state of condensed droplets at large surface subcooling (high heat flux) leads to the formation of unwanted large pinned droplets, which results in the flooding phenomenon and greatly degrades the heat transfer performance. In this work, we present a novel strategy to manipulate droplet behaviors during the process from the droplet nucleation to growth and departure through a combination of spatially controlling initial nucleation for mobile droplets by closely spaced nanowires and promoting the spontaneous outward movement of droplets for rapid removal using micropatterned nanowire arrays. Through the optical visualization experiments and heat transfer tests, we demonstrate greatly improved condensation heat transfer characteristics ...
101 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a cost-effective hybrid mesh wicking structure is presented to enable a novel capillary-driven liquid film boiling heat transfer by simultaneously improving liquid supply and increasing nucleation sites.
84 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed flexible thermal ground planes (TGPs) with an ultra-thin thickness of 0.5 mm using copper-cladded polyimide as the encasing material, woven copper mesh as a wick, and electroplated copper pillars to support a vapor core.
Abstract: Thermal ground planes (TGPs) are passive thermal management devices that utilize the latent heat associated with phase change to achieve high effective thermal conductance, similar to heat pipes. In this paper, we develop flexible TGPs with an ultra-thin thickness of 0.5 mm using copper-cladded polyimide as the encasing material, woven copper mesh as a wick, and electroplated copper pillars to support a vapor core. The lowest thermal resistance of one TGP is characterized to be only 1/3 that of an equivalently sized copper heat spreader. The effects of size scaling of evaporator and condenser, and overall TGP sizes on the thermal resistances of TGPs are experimentally characterized. A simple series thermal resistance model, which accounts for vapor core thermal resistance, is developed to predict the measured results. This experimentally validated model can be used for the design of TGPs with varying sizes of evaporator and condenser, and overall size. [2015-0032]
50 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a superhydrophobic hierarchical mesh-covered (hi-mesh) surface is presented to enable continuous sucking flow of liquid condensate, which achieves fourfold higher droplet growth and 368% faster surface refreshing compared to the state-of-the-art dropwise condensation.
Abstract: Controlling the solid-liquid-vapor tri-phase interface is of fundamental importance for a broad range of industrial applications including biomedical engineering, energy production and utilization, environmental control, water production, and thermal management Although a lot of progress has been made over the past few decades on surface manipulation for promoting droplet removal, it is challenging to accelerate both droplet growth and surface refreshing for enhancing vapor-to-liquid condensation Here we present a superhydrophobic hierarchical mesh-covered (hi-mesh) surface to enable continuous sucking flow of liquid condensate, which achieves fourfold-higher droplet growth and 368% faster surface refreshing compared to the state-of-the-art dropwise condensation Unprecedented enhanced condensation heat transfer is observed to be sustained over a wide range of surface subcooling on the hi-mesh surfaces This demonstration of sustained enhanced condensation enhancement is not only of fundamental scientific importance, but also provides a viable strategy for large-scale deployment of micro/nanostructured surfaces in a diverse range of technologies
48 citations
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TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive review of the various applications of ILs and derived materials in lithium and sodium batteries including Li/Na-ion, dual-ION, Li-Na-S and Li-air (O2) batteries, with a particular emphasis on recent advances in the literature.
Abstract: The ever-growing demand for advanced energy storage devices in portable electronics, electric vehicles and large scale power grids has triggered intensive research efforts over the past decade on lithium and sodium batteries. The key to improve their electrochemical performance and enhance the service safety lies in the development of advanced electrode, electrolyte, and auxiliary materials. Ionic liquids (ILs) are liquids consisting entirely of ions near room temperature, and are characterized by many unique properties such as ultralow volatility, high ionic conductivity, good thermal stability, low flammability, a wide electrochemical window, and tunable polarity and basicity/acidity. These properties create the possibilities of designing batteries with excellent safety, high energy/power density and long-term stability, and also provide better ways to synthesize known materials. IL-derived materials, such as poly(ionic liquids), ionogels and IL-tethered nanoparticles, retain most of the characteristics of ILs while being endowed with other favourable features, and thus they have received a great deal of attention as well. This review provides a comprehensive review of the various applications of ILs and derived materials in lithium and sodium batteries including Li/Na-ion, dual-ion, Li/Na-S and Li/Na-air (O2) batteries, with a particular emphasis on recent advances in the literature. Their unique characteristics enable them to serve as advanced resources, medium, or ingredient for almost all the components of batteries, including electrodes, liquid electrolytes, solid electrolytes, artificial solid-electrolyte interphases, and current collectors. Some thoughts on the emerging challenges and opportunities are also presented in this review for further development.
407 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the fundamental limits of atmospheric water harvesting that can be achieved in typical arid and semi-arid areas were identified and evaluated, and the authors clarified their perspectives on how to search for a simple, scalable, yet cost-effective way to produce atmospheric water for the community.
353 citations
01 May 2013
TL;DR: The Solid State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (SSEEC) as discussed by the authors is a solid-state solar-thermal energy conversion center at the U.S. Dept. of Energy.
Abstract: United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Solid-State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center)
292 citations
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259 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the electrochemical properties and related mechanism of SiO x are reviewed, and the current research progress to enhance SiOx electrochemical performance by nanostructuring and the effect of other battery components such as binders, electrolyte, and prelithiation on its performance is also discussed.
258 citations