Author
Shizuo Akira
Other affiliations: University of California, Berkeley, Wakayama Medical University, Boehringer Ingelheim ...read more
Bio: Shizuo Akira is an academic researcher from Osaka University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Innate immune system & Immune system. The author has an hindex of 261, co-authored 1308 publications receiving 320561 citations. Previous affiliations of Shizuo Akira include University of California, Berkeley & Wakayama Medical University.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Recent insights into the negative regulation of TLR signaling are discussed, with focus on three major mechanisms: dissociation of adaptor complexes; degradation of signal proteins; and transcriptional regulation.
371 citations
TL;DR: Results suggest that IKK-i is an inducible IkappaB kinase which may play a special role in the immune response, and is induced in response to proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6.
Abstract: Using the suppression subtractive hybridization technique, we isolated a novel kinase, IKK-i, whose message is drastically induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7. The predicted protein contains the kinase domain in its N-terminus, which shares 30% identity to that of IKK-a or IKK-b. The C-terminal portion contains a leucine zipper and a potential helix-loop-helix domain, as in the case of IKK-a and IKK-b. IKK-i is expressed mainly in immune cells, and is induced in response to proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-a, IL-1 and IL-6, in addition to LPS. Overexpression of wild-type IKK-i phosphorylated serine residues Ser32 and Ser36 of IkB-a (preferentially Ser36), and significantly stimulated NF-kB activation. These results suggest that IKK-i is an inducible IκB kinase which may play a special role in the immune response.
371 citations
TL;DR: In this article, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and pDC-derived type I interferons (IFNs) were demonstrated to be essential for the control of potentially lethal coronavirus infections.
365 citations
TL;DR: A knockin mouse in which green fluorescence protein (GFP) was expressed under the control of the Ifna6 promoter generated a type I IFN producer that is important for the initial responses to viral infection in the lung.
363 citations
TL;DR: Liver-specific expression of a constitutively active form of STAT-3, achieved by infection with an adenovirus vector, markedly reduced blood glucose, plasma insulin concentrations and hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression in diabetic mice.
Abstract: The transcription factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) contributes to various physiological processes. Here we show that mice with liver-specific deficiency in STAT-3, achieved using the Cre-loxP system, show insulin resistance associated with increased hepatic expression of gluconeogenic genes. Restoration of hepatic STAT-3 expression in these mice, using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, corrected the metabolic abnormalities and the alterations in hepatic expression of gluconeogenic genes. Overexpression of STAT-3 in cultured hepatocytes inhibited gluconeogenic gene expression independently of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha), an upstream regulator of gluconeogenic genes. Liver-specific expression of a constitutively active form of STAT-3, achieved by infection with an adenovirus vector, markedly reduced blood glucose, plasma insulin concentrations and hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression in diabetic mice. Hepatic STAT-3 signaling is thus essential for normal glucose homeostasis and may provide new therapeutic targets for diabetes mellitus.
362 citations
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28 Jul 2005
TL;DR: PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。
18,940 citations
TL;DR: New insights into innate immunity are changing the way the way the authors think about pathogenesis and the treatment of infectious diseases, allergy, and autoimmunity.
10,685 citations
TL;DR: A two-dose regimen of BNT162b2 conferred 95% protection against Covid-19 in persons 16 years of age or older and safety over a median of 2 months was similar to that of other viral vaccines.
Abstract: Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the resulting coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) have afflicted tens of millions of people in a world...
10,274 citations
TL;DR: The molecular pathways of this cancer-related inflammation are now being unravelled, resulting in the identification of new target molecules that could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment.
Abstract: The mediators and cellular effectors of inflammation are important constituents of the local environment of tumours. In some types of cancer, inflammatory conditions are present before a malignant change occurs. Conversely, in other types of cancer, an oncogenic change induces an inflammatory microenvironment that promotes the development of tumours. Regardless of its origin, 'smouldering' inflammation in the tumour microenvironment has many tumour-promoting effects. It aids in the proliferation and survival of malignant cells, promotes angiogenesis and metastasis, subverts adaptive immune responses, and alters responses to hormones and chemotherapeutic agents. The molecular pathways of this cancer-related inflammation are now being unravelled, resulting in the identification of new target molecules that could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment.
9,282 citations
TL;DR: The principal mechanisms that govern the effects of inflammation and immunity on tumor development are outlined and attractive new targets for cancer therapy and prevention are discussed.
8,664 citations