Shlomo Hoory

Bio: Shlomo Hoory is an academic researcher from University of Toronto. The author has contributed to research in topics: Cubic graph & Expander code. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 3 publications receiving 63 citations.

On codes from hypergraph

Abstract: We propose a new family of asymptotically good binary codes, generalizing previous constructions of expander codes to t-uniform hypergraphs. We also describe an efficient decoding algorithm for these codes, that for a certain region of rates improves the known results for decoding distance of expander codes.The construction is based on hypergraphs with a certain "expansion" property called herein e-homogeneity. For t-uniform t-partite Δ-regular hypergraphs, the expansion property required is roughly as follows: given t sets, A1,...,At, one at each side, the number of hyper-edges with one vertex in each set is approximately what would be expected had the edges been chosen at random. We show that in an appropriate random model, almost all hypergraphs have this property, and also present an explicit construction of such hypergraphs.Having a family of such hypergraphs, and a small code C0 ⊆ {0, 1}Δ, with relative distance δ0 and rate R0, we construct "hypergraphs codes". These have rate ≥ tR0 - (t - 1), and relative distance ≥ δ0t/(t-1) - o(1). When t = 2l we also suggest a decoding algorithm, and prove that the fraction of errors that it decodes correctly is at least (2l-1 l) -1/l ċ (δ0/2)(l+1)/l - o(1). In both cases, the o(1) is an additive term that tends to 0 as the length of the hypergraph code tends to infinity.

Phd by thesis

Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Expander graphs and their applications

Abstract: A major consideration we had in writing this survey was to make it accessible to mathematicians as well as to computer scientists, since expander graphs, the protagonists of our story, come up in numerous and often surprising contexts in both fields But, perhaps, we should start with a few words about graphs in general They are, of course, one of the prime objects of study in Discrete Mathematics However, graphs are among the most ubiquitous models of both natural and human-made structures In the natural and social sciences they model relations among species, societies, companies, etc In computer science, they represent networks of communication, data organization, computational devices as well as the flow of computation, and more In mathematics, Cayley graphs are useful in Group Theory Graphs carry a natural metric and are therefore useful in Geometry, and though they are “just” one-dimensional complexes, they are useful in certain parts of Topology, eg Knot Theory In statistical physics, graphs can represent local connections between interacting parts of a system, as well as the dynamics of a physical process on such systems The study of these models calls, then, for the comprehension of the significant structural properties of the relevant graphs But are there nontrivial structural properties which are universally important? Expansion of a graph requires that it is simultaneously sparse and highly connected Expander graphs were first defined by Bassalygo and Pinsker, and their existence first proved by Pinsker in the early ’70s The property of being an expander seems significant in many of these mathematical, computational and physical contexts It is not surprising that expanders are useful in the design and analysis of communication networks What is less obvious is that expanders have surprising utility in other computational settings such as in the theory of error correcting codes and the theory of pseudorandomness In mathematics, we will encounter eg their role in the study of metric embeddings, and in particular in work around the Baum-Connes Conjecture Expansion is closely related to the convergence rates of Markov Chains, and so they play a key role in the study of Monte-Carlo algorithms in statistical mechanics and in a host of practical computational applications The list of such interesting and fruitful connections goes on and on with so many applications we will not even

On discrete groups

Abstract: The concept of a continuous module is a generalization of that of an injective module, and conditions (), (C) and () are given for this concept in [4]. In this paper, we study modules with properties that are dual to continuity. These will be called discrete and we discuss discrete abelian groups. Throughout R is a ring with identity, M is a module over R, G is an abelian group of finite rank, E is the ring of endomorphisms of G and S is the center of E. Dual to the notion of essential submodules, we define small submodules of a module M over R.(omitted)

The Non-Backtracking Spectrum of the Universal Cover of a Graph

Abstract: A non-backtracking walk on a graph, $H$, is a directed path of directed edges of $H$ such that no edge is the inverse of its preceding edge. Non-backtracking walks of a given length can be counted using the non-backtracking adjacency matrix, $B$, indexed by $H$'s directed edges and related to Ihara's Zeta function. We show how to determine $B$'s spectrum in the case where $H$ is a tree covering a finite graph. We show that when $H$ is not regular, this spectrum can have positive measure in the complex plane, unlike the regular case. We show that outside of $B$'s spectrum, the corresponding Green function has ``periodic decay ratios.'' The existence of such a ``ratio system'' can be effectively checked, and is equivalent to being outside the spectrum. We also prove that the spectral radius of the non-backtracking walk operator on the tree covering a finite graph is exactly $\sqrt\gr$, where $\gr$ is the growth rate of the tree. This further motivates the definition of the graph theoretical Riemann hypothesis proposed by Stark and Terras \cite{ST}. Finally, we give experimental evidence that for a fixed, finite graph, $H$, a random lift of large degree has non-backtracking new spectrum near that of $H$'s universal cover. This suggests a new generalization of Alon's second eigenvalue conjecture.