Author
Shobha Broor
Other affiliations: AIIMS, New Delhi, Jamia Hamdard, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Bio: Shobha Broor is an academic researcher from Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Dengue fever & Dengue virus. The author has an hindex of 38, co-authored 162 publications receiving 7341 citations. Previous affiliations of Shobha Broor include AIIMS, New Delhi & Jamia Hamdard.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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University of Edinburgh1, University of Glasgow2, Johns Hopkins University3, University of Colorado Boulder4, University of the Witwatersrand5, International Military Sports Council6, Aga Khan University7, Medical Research Council8, King George's Medical University9, Kenya Medical Research Institute10, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention11, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh12, Tribhuvan University13, University of Bergen14, University of Barcelona15, Utrecht University16, Emory University17, All India Institute of Medical Sciences18, University of Liverpool19, Boston Children's Hospital20, National Institute of Virology21, University of Zambia22, University of Health Sciences Antigua23, National Health Laboratory Service24, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention25, Austral University26, University of Michigan27, Vanderbilt University28, University of New South Wales29, University of Auckland30, University of Otago31, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala32, University of Jordan33, University of Maryland, Baltimore34, National Scientific and Technical Research Council35, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine36, Pwani University College37, University of Cape Town38, University of Warwick39, Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom40, Tohoku University41, École normale supérieure de Lyon42, John E. Fogarty International Center43, Charité44, Universidad Nacional de Asunción45, Tehran University of Medical Sciences46, Robert Koch Institute47, University of London48, University of New Mexico49, Capital Medical University50, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium51, Innlandet Hospital Trust52, Columbia University53, Mahidol University54, University of Pretoria55, Thailand Ministry of Public Health56, Peking Union Medical College57, Nagasaki University58, Public Health Foundation of India59
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated the incidence and hospital admission rate of RSV-associated acute lower respiratory infection (RSV-ALRI) in children younger than 5 years stratified by age and World Bank income regions.
1,470 citations
University of Edinburgh1, Public Health Foundation of India2, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh3, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention4, University of Barcelona5, University of Oxford6, University of the Witwatersrand7, University of California, Berkeley8, National Institutes of Health9, Fukushima Medical University10, Medical Research Council11, All India Institute of Medical Sciences12, University of Colorado Denver13, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine14, Kenya Medical Research Institute15, Johns Hopkins University16, Pasteur Institute17, Delta State University18, University of Pretoria19, Columbia University20, World Health Organization21, Emory University22, Dartmouth College23, University of Split24
TL;DR: The role of influenza in childhood mortality from ALRI is estimated by combining incidence estimates with case fatality ratios from hospital-based reports and identifying studies with population-based data for influenza seasonality and monthly ALRI mortality.
804 citations
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1, Centre for Health Protection2, All India Institute of Medical Sciences3, Medical Corps4, University of Malaya5, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention6, University of Chile7, Robert Koch Institute8, University of Adelaide9, University of New South Wales10, Erasmus University Rotterdam11
TL;DR: Establishing a global NoV network by which data on strains with the potential to cause pandemics can be rapidly exchanged may lead to improved prevention and intervention strategies, and show notable differences in geographic prevalence.
Abstract: Background Noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis Their high incidence and importance in health care facilities result in a great impact on public health Studies from around the world describing increasing prevalence have been difficult to compare because of differing nomenclatures for variants of the dominant genotype, GII4 We studied the global patterns of GII4 epidemiology in relation to its genetic diversity Methods Data from NoV outbreaks with dates of onset from January 2001 through March 2007 were collected from 15 institutions on 5 continents Partial genome sequences (n = 775) were collected, allowing phylogenetic comparison of data from different countries Results The 15 institutions reported 3098 GII4 outbreaks, 62% of all reported NoV outbreaks Eight GII4 variants were identified Four had a global distribution-the 1996, 2002, 2004, and 2006b variants The 2003Asia and 2006a variants caused epidemics, but they were geographically limited Finally, the 2001 Japan and 2001Henry variants were found across the world but at low frequencies Conclusions NoV epidemics resulted from the global spread of GII4 strains that evolved under the influence of population immunity Lineages show notable (and currently unexplained) differences in geographic prevalence Establishing a global NoV network by which data on strains with the potential to cause pandemics can be rapidly exchanged may lead to improved prevention and intervention strategies
643 citations
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center1, National Institutes of Health2, World Health Organization3, National Institute of Virology4, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention5, National Institute for Medical Research6, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research7, University of Cambridge8, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention9, University of California, Los Angeles10, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven11
TL;DR: Detailed epidemic models support differences in age of infection, combined with the less frequent travel of children, as probable drivers of the differences in the patterns of global circulation, suggesting a complex interaction between virus evolution, epidemiology, and human behaviour.
Abstract: Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of emergence and circulation of new human seasonal influenza virus variants is a key scientific and public health challenge. The global circulation patterns of influenza A/H3N2 viruses are well characterized, but the patterns of A/H1N1 and B viruses have remained largely unexplored. Here we show that the global circulation patterns of A/H1N1 (up to 2009), B/Victoria, and B/Yamagata viruses differ substantially from those of A/H3N2 viruses, on the basis of analyses of 9,604 haemagglutinin sequences of human seasonal influenza viruses from 2000 to 2012. Whereas genetic variants of A/H3N2 viruses did not persist locally between epidemics and were reseeded from East and Southeast Asia, genetic variants of A/H1N1 and B viruses persisted across several seasons and exhibited complex global dynamics with East and Southeast Asia playing a limited role in disseminating new variants. The less frequent global movement of influenza A/H1N1 and B viruses coincided with slower rates of antigenic evolution, lower ages of infection, and smaller, less frequent epidemics compared to A/H3N2 viruses. Detailed epidemic models support differences in age of infection, combined with the less frequent travel of children, as probable drivers of the differences in the patterns of global circulation, suggesting a complex interaction between virus evolution, epidemiology, and human behaviour.
433 citations
TL;DR: This is the first report from India with high percentage of concurrent infections with different dengue virus serotypes circulating during one outbreak, and Delhi is now truly hyperendemic for d Dengue.
Abstract: Background
Co-circulation of multiple dengue virus serotypes has been reported from many parts of the world including India, however concurrent infection with more than one serotype of dengue viruses in the same individual is rarely documented. An outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS) occurred in and around Delhi in 2006. This is the first report from India with high percentage of concurrent infections with different dengue virus serotypes circulating during one outbreak.
305 citations
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TL;DR: In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) as discussed by the authors, the authors used the GBD 2010 methods with some refinements to improve accuracy applied to an updated database of vital registration, survey, and census data.
5,792 citations
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: Prolonged viral shedding provides the rationale for a strategy of isolation of infected patients and optimal antiviral interventions in the future.
Abstract: Summary Background Since December, 2019, Wuhan, China, has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 have been reported but risk factors for mortality and a detailed clinical course of illness, including viral shedding, have not been well described. Methods In this retrospective, multicentre cohort study, we included all adult inpatients (≥18 years old) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Jinyintan Hospital and Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital (Wuhan, China) who had been discharged or had died by Jan 31, 2020. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data, including serial samples for viral RNA detection, were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between survivors and non-survivors. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods to explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death. Findings 191 patients (135 from Jinyintan Hospital and 56 from Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital) were included in this study, of whom 137 were discharged and 54 died in hospital. 91 (48%) patients had a comorbidity, with hypertension being the most common (58 [30%] patients), followed by diabetes (36 [19%] patients) and coronary heart disease (15 [8%] patients). Multivariable regression showed increasing odds of in-hospital death associated with older age (odds ratio 1·10, 95% CI 1·03–1·17, per year increase; p=0·0043), higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (5·65, 2·61–12·23; p Interpretation The potential risk factors of older age, high SOFA score, and d-dimer greater than 1 μg/mL could help clinicians to identify patients with poor prognosis at an early stage. Prolonged viral shedding provides the rationale for a strategy of isolation of infected patients and optimal antiviral interventions in the future. Funding Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences; National Science Grant for Distinguished Young Scholars; National Key Research and Development Program of China; The Beijing Science and Technology Project; and Major Projects of National Science and Technology on New Drug Creation and Development.
4,408 citations
TL;DR: The ability of hospital ventilation systems to filter Aspergillus and other fungi following a building implosion and the impact of bedside design and furnishing on nosocomial infections are investigated.
2,632 citations
Public Health Foundation of India1, University of Edinburgh2, Kenya Medical Research Institute3, University of Warwick4, University of Liverpool5, University of the Witwatersrand6, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium7, Johns Hopkins University8, University of Barcelona9, International Military Sports Council10, Dartmouth College11, Padjadjaran University12, University of Colorado Denver13, University of Split14
TL;DR: Mortality data suggest that RSV is an important cause of death in childhood from ALRI, after pneumococcal pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae type b, and the development of novel prevention and treatment strategies should be accelerated as a priority.
2,317 citations
TL;DR: The tremendous incidence of rotavirus disease underscores the urgent need for interventions, such as vaccines, to prevent childhood deaths in developing nations.
Abstract: To estimate the global illness and deaths caused by rotavirus disease, we reviewed studies published from 1986 to 2000 on deaths caused by diarrhea and on rotavirus infections in children. We assessed rotavirus-associated illness in three clinical settings (mild cases requiring home care alone, moderate cases requiring a clinic visit, and severe cases requiring hospitalization) and death rates in countries in different World Bank income groups. Each year, rotavirus causes approximately 111 million episodes of gastroenteritis requiring only home care, 25 million clinic visits, 2 million hospitalizations, and 352,000–592,000 deaths (median, 440,000 deaths) in children <5 years of age. By age 5, nearly every child will have an episode of rotavirus gastroenteritis, 1 in 5 will visit a clinic, 1 in 60 will be hospitalized, and approximately 1 in 293 will die. Children in the poorest countries account for 82% of rotavirus deaths. The tremendous incidence of rotavirus disease underscores the urgent need for interventions, such as vaccines, to prevent childhood deaths in developing nations.
1,882 citations