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Author

Simon Murch

Other affiliations: University Hospital Coventry
Bio: Simon Murch is an academic researcher from University of Warwick. The author has contributed to research in topics: Enteropathy & T cell. The author has an hindex of 30, co-authored 85 publications receiving 6860 citations. Previous affiliations of Simon Murch include University Hospital Coventry.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The meta-analyses indicate protection against child infections and malocclusion, increases in intelligence, and probable reductions in overweight and diabetes, and an increase in tooth decay with longer periods of breastfeeding.

4,291 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Frequency of TNF-α secreting cells is significantly increased in the mucosa of inflamed intestine, regardless of pathogenesis, and higher levels are seen in patients with IBD than in UC, probably reflecting the extensive T-cell activation in Crohn's disease.

540 citations

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TL;DR: Ten of the 12 original authors of the Early Report “Ileal-lymphoidnodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children”, published in The Lancet in 1998 are considering together formally retract the interpretation placed upon these findings in the paper.

299 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: EoE is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disease with largely unquantified long-term consequences, and better maintenance treatment as well as biomarkers for assessing treatment response and predicting long- term complications is urgently needed.
Abstract: Objectives:Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) represents a chronic, immune/antigen-mediated esophageal disease characterized clinically by symptoms related to esophageal dysfunction and histologically by eosinophil-predominant inflammation. With few exceptions, 15 eosinophils per high-power fiel

263 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown through diversity analysis of the microbial community structure based on the 16S rRNA gene that the gut microbiome of IBD patients is less diverse compared to healthy individuals, and a bacterial family co-abundance network is reconstructed, suggesting highly important groups of bacteria in the gut that can coexist with other bacteria across a range of conditions.
Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a debilitating group of chronic diseases including Crohn’s Disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which causes inflammation of the gut and affects millions of people worldwide. At different taxonomic levels, the structure of the gut microbiota is significantly altered in IBD patients compared to that of healthy individuals. However, it is unclear how these IBD-affected bacterial groups are related to other common bacteria in the gut, and how they are connected across different disease conditions at the global scale. In this study, using faecal samples from patients with IBD, we show through diversity analysis of the microbial community structure based on the 16S rRNA gene that the gut microbiome of IBD patients is less diverse compared to healthy individuals. Furthermore, we have identified which bacterial groups change in abundance in both CD and UC compared to healthy controls. A substantial imbalance was observed across four major bacterial phyla including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, which together constitute > 98% of the gut microbiota. Next, we reconstructed a bacterial family co-abundance network based on the correlation of abundance profiles obtained from the public gut microbiome data of > 22,000 samples of faecal and gut biopsies taken from both diseased and healthy individuals. The data was compiled using the EBI metagenomics database (Mitchell et al. in Nucleic Acids Res 46:D726–D735, 2018). By mapping IBD-altered bacterial families to the network, we show that the bacterial families which exhibit an increased abundance in IBD conditions are not well connected to other groups, implying that these families generally do not coexist together with common gut organisms. Whereas, the bacterial families whose abundance is reduced or did not change in IBD conditions compared to healthy conditions are very well connected to other bacterial groups, suggesting they are highly important groups of bacteria in the gut that can coexist with other bacteria across a range of conditions. IBD patients exhibited a less diverse gut microbiome compared to healthy individuals. Bacterial groups which changed in IBD patients were found to be groups which do not co-exist well with common commensal gut bacteria, whereas bacterial groups which did not change in patients with IBD were found to commonly co-exist with commensal gut microbiota. This gives a potential insight into the dynamics of the gut microbiota in patients with IBD.

181 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Patients with Crohn's disease who respond to an initial dose of infliximab are more likely to be in remission at weeks 30 and 54, to discontinue corticosteroids, and to maintain their response for a longer period of time, if inflIXimab treatment is maintained every 8 weeks.

3,870 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Jeffrey D. Stanaway1, Ashkan Afshin1, Emmanuela Gakidou1, Stephen S Lim1  +1050 moreInstitutions (346)
TL;DR: This study estimated levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or groups of risks from 1990 to 2017 and explored the relationship between development and risk exposure.

2,910 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Infliximab is an efficacious treatment for fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease and the most common adverse events for patients treated with infliximab were headache, abscess, upper respiratory tract infection, and fatigue.
Abstract: Background Enterocutaneous fistulas are a serious complication of Crohn's disease and are difficult to treat. Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor alpha, has recently been developed as a treatment for Crohn's disease. We conducted a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of infliximab for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease. Methods The study included 94 adult patients who had draining abdominal or perianal fistulas of at least three months' duration as a complication of Crohn's disease. Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three treatments: placebo (31 patients), 5 mg of infliximab per kilogram of body weight (31 patients), or 10 mg of infliximab per kilogram (32 patients); all three were to be administered intravenously at weeks 0, 2, and 6. The primary end point was a reduction of 50 percent or more from base line in the number of draining fistulas observed at two or more consecutive study visits. A secondary end point was the closure of all fistulas. Results Sixty-eight percent of the patients who received 5 mg of infliximab per kilogram and 56 percent of those who received 10 mg per kilogram achieved the primary end point, as compared with 26 percent of the patients in the placebo group (P=0.002 and P=0.02, respectively). In addition, 55 percent of the patients assigned to receive 5 mg of infliximab per kilogram and 38 percent of those assigned to 10 mg per kilogram had closure of all fistulas, as compared with 13 percent of the patients assigned to placebo (P=0.001 and P=0.04, respectively). The median length of time during which the fistulas remained closed was three months. More than 60 percent of patients in all the groups had adverse events. For patients treated with infliximab, the most common were headache, abscess, upper respiratory tract infection, and fatigue. Conclusions Infliximab is an efficacious treatment for fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease.

2,516 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Gut microflora might be a hitherto unexplored source of natural immunomodulators and probiotics, for prevention of atopic disease in children at high risk.

2,429 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
16 Jun 2011-Nature
TL;DR: Understanding how the diet and nutritional status influence the composition and dynamic operations of the authors' gut microbial communities, and the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system, should help to address several pressing global health problems.
Abstract: Marked changes in socio-economic status, cultural traditions, population growth and agriculture are affecting diets worldwide. Understanding how our diet and nutritional status influence the composition and dynamic operations of our gut microbial communities, and the innate and adaptive arms of our immune system, represents an area of scientific need, opportunity and challenge. The insights gleaned should help to address several pressing global health problems.

2,158 citations