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Simon Schwartzman

Bio: Simon Schwartzman is an academic researcher from University of São Paulo. The author has contributed to research in topics: Higher education & Latin Americans. The author has an hindex of 18, co-authored 59 publications receiving 8313 citations. Previous affiliations of Simon Schwartzman include American Institutes for Research & Fundação Getúlio Vargas.


Papers
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Book
01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: The authors argued that the ways in which knowledge is produced are undergoing fundamental changes at the end of the twentieth century and that these changes mark a distinct shift into a new mode of knowledge production which is replacing or reforming established institutions, disciplines, practices and policies.
Abstract: In this provocative and broad-ranging work, a distinguished team of authors argues that the ways in which knowledge — scientific, social and cultural — is produced are undergoing fundamental changes at the end of the twentieth century. They claim that these changes mark a distinct shift into a new mode of knowledge production which is replacing or reforming established institutions, disciplines, practices and policies. Identifying a range of features of the new moder of knowledge production — reflexivity, transdisciplinarity, heterogeneity — the authors show the connections between these features and the changing role of knowledge in social relations. While the knowledge produced by research and development in science and technology (both public and industrial) is accorded central concern, the authors also outline the changing dimensions of social scientific and humanities knowledge and the relations between the production of knowledge and its dissemination through education. Placing science policy and scientific knowledge in its broader context within contemporary societies, this book will be essential reading for all those concerned with the changing nature of knowledge, with the social study of science, with educational systems, and with the relations between R&D and social, economic and technological development.

7,486 citations

Book
01 Jan 1982

107 citations

Book
01 Dec 2004
TL;DR: In this article, Sumario et al. discuss the teaching and academic professions and missing links in the past, present and future policies of the teaching profession. But they do not discuss future policies.
Abstract: i Sumario ii The central issues 1 The origins 6 Missing links: the teaching and academic professions. 16 Recent policies 22 Future policies 25 Conclusion 28 References 30

62 citations

Book
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: The central government is committed to long-term reform to modernise the economy and to expand participation in education at all levels through the education revolution as discussed by the authors, which is called education revolution.
Abstract: Despite its “economic miracle” and robust growth for more than a decade, Colombia continues to struggle to overcome social and economic disparities. Third largest country in Latin America in terms of population and fifth largest in terms of area, Colombia is rich in natural resources, but has not created enough jobs for its 46 million strong population. It lags behind Mexico, Chile and Brazil in terms of human capital development, economic diversification, innovation and productivity. In 2010, depending on the definition, up to half of the population (49.5%) lived in poverty. Sustained growth and development are necessary for improving the quality of life of the population, particularly those from lower socio-economic and rural backgrounds. The central government is committed to long term reform to modernise the economy and to expand participation in education at all levels through the “Education Revolution”.

51 citations


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Posted Content
TL;DR: The extent to which the process of systematic review can be applied to the management field in order to produce a reliable knowledge stock and enhanced practice by developing context-sensitive research is evaluated.
Abstract: Undertaking a review of the literature is an important part of any research project. The researcher both maps and assesses the relevant intellectual territory in order to specify a research question which will further develop the knowledge base. However, traditional 'narrative' reviews frequently lack thoroughness, and in many cases are not undertaken as genuine pieces of investigatory science. Consequently they can lack a means for making sense of what the collection of studies is saying. These reviews can be biased by the researcher and often lack rigour. Furthermore, the use of reviews of the available evidence to provide insights and guidance for intervention into operational needs of practitioners and policymakers has largely been of secondary importance. For practitioners, making sense of a mass of often-contradictory evidence has become progressively harder. The quality of evidence underpinning decision-making and action has been questioned, for inadequate or incomplete evidence seriously impedes policy formulation and implementation. In exploring ways in which evidence-informed management reviews might be achieved, the authors evaluate the process of systematic review used in the medical sciences. Over the last fifteen years, medical science has attempted to improve the review process by synthesizing research in a systematic, transparent, and reproducible manner with the twin aims of enhancing the knowledge base and informing policymaking and practice. This paper evaluates the extent to which the process of systematic review can be applied to the management field in order to produce a reliable knowledge stock and enhanced practice by developing context-sensitive research. The paper highlights the challenges in developing an appropriate methodology.

7,368 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the process of systematic review used in the medical sciences to produce a reliable knowledge stock and enhanced practice by developing context-sensitive research and highlight the challenges in developing an appropriate methodology.
Abstract: Undertaking a review of the literature is an important part of any research project. The researcher both maps and assesses the relevant intellectual territory in order to specify a research question which will further develop the knowledge hase. However, traditional 'narrative' reviews frequently lack thoroughness, and in many cases are not undertaken as genuine pieces of investigatory science. Consequently they can lack a means for making sense of what the collection of studies is saying. These reviews can he hiased by the researcher and often lack rigour. Furthermore, the use of reviews of the available evidence to provide insights and guidance for intervention into operational needs of practitioners and policymakers has largely been of secondary importance. For practitioners, making sense of a mass of often-contrad ictory evidence has hecome progressively harder. The quality of evidence underpinning decision-making and action has heen questioned, for inadequate or incomplete evidence seriously impedes policy formulation and implementation. In exploring ways in which evidence-informed management reviews might be achieved, the authors evaluate the process of systematic review used in the medical sciences. Over the last fifteen years, medical science has attempted to improve the review process hy synthesizing research in a systematic, transparent, and reproducihie manner with the twin aims of enhancing the knowledge hase and informing policymaking and practice. This paper evaluates the extent to which the process of systematic review can be applied to the management field in order to produce a reliable knowledge stock and enhanced practice by developing context-sensitive research. The paper highlights the challenges in developing an appropriate methodology.

7,020 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations is compared with alternative models for explaining the current research system in its social contexts, and the authors suggest that university research may function increasingly as a locus in the "laboratory" of knowledge-intensive network transitions.

5,324 citations

01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, the Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations is compared with alternative models for explaining the current research system in its social contexts, where the institutional layer can be considered as the retention mechanism of a developing system.
Abstract: Abstract The Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations is compared with alternative models for explaining the current research system in its social contexts. Communications and negotiations between institutional partners generate an overlay that increasingly reorganizes the underlying arrangements. The institutional layer can be considered as the retention mechanism of a developing system. For example, the national organization of the system of innovation has historically been important in determining competition. Reorganizations across industrial sectors and nation states, however, are induced by new technologies (biotechnology, ICT). The consequent transformations can be analyzed in terms of (neo-)evolutionary mechanisms. University research may function increasingly as a locus in the “laboratory” of such knowledge-intensive network transitions.

5,036 citations