In this provocative book, Barwise and Perry tackle the slippery subject of \"meaning, \" a subject that has long vexed linguists, language philosophers, and logicians.

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Situations and Attitudes.

Introduction. 1. Pragmatics and Linguistic Underdeterminacy: Saying and Meaning. The Underdeterminacy Thesis. Eternal Sentences and Effability. Metarepresentation, Relevance and Pragmatic Inference. Underdeterminacy, Truth Conditions and the Semantics/Pragmatics Distinction. Radical Underdeterminacy and the Background. Underdeterminacy of Thought? Summary. 2. The Explicit/Implicit Distinction: Semantics/Pragmatics Distinction. Grice: Saying/Implicating. Sperber and Wilson: Relevance-theoretic Distinctions. Travis and Recanati: Enriched 'What is Said'. Bach: What is Said/Impliciture/Implicature. Pragmatic Meaning: Enrichment or Implicature? Postscript: Hidden Indexicals or 'Free Enrichment? Conclusion: From Generative Semantics to Pro-active Pragmatics. 3. The Pragmatics of 'And'-Conjunction: Preserving the Truth-functionality of 'And'. A Relevance-based Pragmatics of Conjunction. The Semantic Alternatives. Cognitive Fundamentals: Causality and Explanation. Relevance Relations and Units of Processing. Processing Effort and Iconicity. Residual Issues. Conclusion: From Generalized Conversational Implicature. 4. The Pragmatics of Negation: Some Data and Some Distinctions. Semantic Ambiguity Analyses. Strong Pragmatic Analyses. 'Presupposition'-cancelling Negation and Metalinguistic Negation. The Pragmatics of 'Presupposition'-Denial. Conclusion: From Multiple Semantic Ambiguity to Univocal Semantics and Pragmatic Enrichment. 5. The Pragmatics of On-line Concept Construction: Encoded Concepts and Communicated Concepts. A Symmetrical Account of Narrowing and Broadening. Metaphor: Loose Use and Ad Hoc Concepts. Word Meaning and Concepts. Conclusion: The Long Road from Linguistically Encoded Meaning to the Thought(s) Explicitly Communicated. Appendix 1: Relevance Theory Glossary. Appendix 2: Gricean Conversational Principles. References. Index.

Thoughts and Utterances: The Pragmatics of Explicit Communication

Rules and Representations

This article discusses challenges of language differences in qualitative research, when participants and the main researcher have the same non-English native language and the non-English data lead to an English publication. Challenges of translation are discussed from the perspective that interpretation of meaning is the core of qualitative research. As translation is also an interpretive act, meaning may get lost in the translation process. Recommendations are suggested, aiming to contribute to the best possible representation and understanding of the interpreted experiences of the participants and thereby to the validity of qualitative research.

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Language differences in qualitative research: is meaning lost in translation?

言语行为理论是哲学和语言学,特别是语言哲学和语用学的重要理论之一。与言语行为理论有关的诸多著作中,最重要最经典的是奥斯汀的How to Do Things with Words。然而这不是一本易读的书,为此作者分析了该书的脉络,给准备精读该书的读者提供一些参考。

How to Do Things with Words之脉络分析

Acknowledgements Preface The Skilful Heretic Philosophical Influences Post-War Oxford Meaning Logic and Conversation American Formalism Philosophical Psychology Metaphysics and Value Gricean Pragmatics Notes References Index

Paul Grice: Philosopher and Linguist

1. Introduction Siobhan Chapman and Billy Clark 2. The Art of Repetition in Muriel Spark's Telling Andrew Caink 3. 'Oh, do let's talk about something else -': What is Not Said and What is Implicated in Elizabeth Bowen's The Last September Siobhan Chapman 4. Before and After Chekhov: Inferring Literary Interpretations and Literary Value Billy Clark 5. Outsourcing: A Relevance-theoretic Account of the Interpretation of Theatrical Texts Anne Furlong 6. Relevance Theory, Syntax and Literary Narrative Barbara MacMahon 7. Negation, Expectation and Characterisation: Analysing the Role of Negation in Character Construction in To Kill a Mockingbird (Lee 1960) and Stark (Elton 1989) Lisa Nahajec 8. Intertextuality and the Pragmatics of Literary Reading Maria-Eirini Panagiotidou 9. 'I've never enjoyed hating a book so much in my life'. The Co-construction of Reader Identity in the Reading Group David Peplow 10. The Narrative Tease: Narratorial Omniscience, Implicature, and the Making of Sensation in Lady Audley's Secret Ruth Schuldiner 11. Literary Style as Facework: Dialogue and Deference in Turkish-German Literature Chantelle Warner

Pragmatic Literary Stylistics

Key Thinkers in Linguistics and the Philosophy of Language is a unique and accessible reference guide to the work of figures who have played an important role in the development of ideas about language. It includes eighty entries on individual thinkers in the Western tradition, ranging from antiquity to the present day, chosen because of their impact on the description or theory of language. Each entry explains the main ideas of the thinker, outlining their development and assessing their significance and influence. Brief biographical details place the subject in his or her cultural and historical context. No prior knowledge of either linguistics or philosophy is assumed; each entry concludes with suggestions for further reading of both primary texts and secondary sources, encouraging readers to find out more about the particular key thinker and the impact of his or her ideas. Thinkers included range from Plato and Aristotle, through Berkeley, Leibniz, Kant, Russell, Wittgenstein, and Austin, to Sacks, Kristeva, and Chomsky. Features * The only single-volume reference resource to bring together linguistics and the philosophy of language * Entries are extensively cross-referenced, allowing readers to trace influences, developments and debates both in contemporary thinking and across time * Accessibly written for use at all levels, including undergraduate, postgraduate, academic and other general readers in the fields of linguistics and the philosophy of language.

http://roozbehhormozi.persiangig.com/document/Key%20Ideas%20in%20Linguistics%20and%20the%20Philosophy%20of%20Language,%20Siobhan%20Chapmanm,%20Edinburgh%20University%20Press,2009.pdf

Key Thinkers in Linguistics and the Philosophy of Language

This paper is concerned with the phenomenon labelled ‘metalinguistic negation’ (MN) by Horn (1985). The interaction of MN with negative polarity items, lexically incorporated negation, and accentuation, is considered in order to establish its exact scope and range of applicability. The relationships between MN and various types of implicature are advanced in support of the use of MN as a diagnostic for aspects of an utterance which are properties of the linguistic expression used. The implications of this for the status of accent are assessed. Finally, the particularly stylistic effects of MN are considered, in relation to the topics discussed.

Some observations on metalinguistic negation

Pragmatics and Literature is an important collection of new work by leading practitioners working at the interface between pragmatic theory and literary analysis. The individual studies collected here draw on a variety of theoretical approaches and are concerned with a range of literary genres. All have a shared focus on applying ideas from specific pragmatic frameworks to understanding the production, interpretation and evaluation of literary texts. A full-length introductory chapter highlights distinctions and contrasts between pragmatic theories, but also brings out complementarities, shared aims and assumptions, and ways in which different pragmatic theories can make different contributions to our understanding of literary texts. The book as a whole encourages a sense of coherence for the field and presents insights from various approaches for systematic comparison. Building on previous work by the editors, the contributors and others, it makes a significant contribution to the growing field of pragmatic literary stylistics.

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Siobhan Chapman

Papers

Paul Grice: Philosopher and Linguist

Pragmatic Literary Stylistics

Key Thinkers in Linguistics and the Philosophy of Language

Some observations on metalinguistic negation

Pragmatics and Literature