It has long been well-known that economic variables such as GDP and fuel price as well as socio-demographic characteristics and spatial distribution are key factors explaining car use trends. Howev ...

Peak Car? Drivers of the recent decline in Swedish car use

Ride-hailing as an innovative urban mobility service has received increasing attention in the recent decade. Using data from the 2017 National Household Travel Survey, we investigate the relationship between ride-hailing usage and household vehicle ownership from 42 metropolitan areas across the United States. Previous studies have shown mixed findings on this relationship. Our study contributes to the literature by estimating a bivariate ordered probit model with considerations of the recursive effect between ride-hailing usage and household vehicle ownership. We find that compared to occasional users, regular and active users are more likely to own fewer vehicles. Also, we find no significant difference in possessing vehicles between regular and active users.

Impact of ride-hailing usage on vehicle ownership in the United States

In recent years, transportation network companies have developed various services, such as express, ride-pooling, premium service and app-based taxi hailing service, to satisfy the diversified travel demands of residents. However, the existing knowledge on the factors that affect the choice of different ride-hailing services remains scarce, and the difference of this impact between the users with and without household vehicles (HVs) has been little examined. To fill these gaps, the goal of this study is to explore the influential factors of different ride-hailing services choice as for the users with and without HVs. The results of multinomial logistic models indicate that: (1) the users without HVs whose original travel mode is bus are more likely to utilize ride-pooling, the users with HVs whose original mode is private car are more inclined to use premium service and express. (2) These two types of users focus on different aspects of ride-hailing travel. The users with HVs are concerned about the travel service quality and travel experience, while the counterpart users care about whether their basic travel needs can be satisfied. (3) Premium service has a positive effect on reducing the use of private cars among users with HVs, but this effect is relatively weak. (4) Ride-pooling and express could delay private cars’ purchasing plan by users without HVs, indicating a governance way to inhibit the growth of cars, i.e., reducing car ownership by ensuring car use. Finally, some suggestions are proposed to promote the sustainable and healthy development of different ride-hailing services. 

Identifying the factors influencing the choice of different ride-hailing services in Shenzhen, China

The emergence of ride-hailing services has helped in providing on-demand and flexible mobility choices to the riders. In this research study, a questionnaire was designed based on the variables of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). This survey was conducted in Lahore city and a total of 531 samples were collected. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) methods. Results revealed that there is a significant change in model split after the emergence of ride-hailing services as many people have started using ride-hailing services. The reliability of the TPB variables was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha value i.e., more than 0.7 for all the variables of TPB. The attitudes, SN, and PBC are significant predictors of behavioral intentions. The PBC is directly and negatively correlated with behavior which depicts that the traveler's perceived difficulty has a negative influence on their behavioral outcomes. These significant results implicate that affordability, service flexibility, female safety and security, presence of relevant regulations, driver's attitude, and service temporal and spatial coverage are important dimensions of service quality for improvement. The safety and security aspects can be enhanced by regulating ride-hailing services through proper regulations and providing operational guidelines to the service providers. 

Travellers’ perceptions about ride-hailing services in Lahore: An extension of the theory of planned behavior

This work considered a joint problem of train rescheduling and closure planning. The derivation of a new train run schedule and the determination of a closure plan not only must guarantee the satisfaction of all the given constraints but also must optimize the number of accepted closures, the number of approved train runs, and the total time shift between the resultant and the original schedule. Presented is a novel nonlinear mixed integer optimization problem which is valid for a broad class of railway networks. A multi-level hierarchical heuristic algorithm is introduced due to the NP-hardness of the considered optimization problem. The algorithm is able, on an iterative basis, to jointly select closures and train runs, along with the derivation of a train schedule. Results obtained by the algorithm, launched for the conducted experiments, confirm its ability to provide acceptable and feasible solutions in a reasonable amount of time.

An Algorithm for Rescheduling of Trains under Planned Track Closures

The rapid development of internet-based ride-hailing services has contributed to transportation in cities and, at the same time, has significantly impacted existing travel modes in cities. A question has emerged as to whether and to what extent ride-hailing services replace private car use. Although the private car is convenient, comfortable, and flexible, it has low utilization rate and high maintenance and parking costs. Better understanding of the relationship between ride-hailing services and the use of private cars has been brought to the forefront for auto dealers and urban transportation policymakers. However, controversies remain regarding how ride-hailing services will impact the use of private cars in cities. Given this setting, our study applied a difference-in-differences method to analyze the impact of ride-hailing services on the use of private cars with balanced panel data from 109 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2016. Moreover, we employed some methods to verify the robustness of the preliminary results. The empirical results show that ride-hailing services had a negative impact on the use of private cars in urban areas. Over time, the negative impact initially strengthened and then weakened. Further studies showed that ride-hailing services had a more significant negative impact on private car use in eastern cities than in western cities. The results showed that the influence of ride-hailing services on private car use in urban areas is heterogeneous across time and cities.

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Siqi Yang

Papers

The Impact of Ride-Hailing Services on Private Car Use in Urban Areas: An Examination in Chinese Cities