Spinel ferrite magnetic adsorbents: Alternative future materials for water purification?

The levels of pesticides in water have increased due to their excessive use in the modern agricultural domain Choosing a suitable water treatment method for pesticide removal depends on the type of pesticide and the efficacy of the treatment process This review critically discusses and provides a detailed description of a variety of chemical, physical, and biological approaches for pesticide removal from water, such as advanced oxidation processes, adsorption, activated sludge, membrane bioreactors, and membrane technologies Both single-treatment and hybrid methods are thoroughly described and critically discussed The use of hybrid removal techniques offers potential opportunities to develop innovative pesticide removal techniques A thorough analysis of influent composition and recognition of the best removal technique is very important to design a water treatment plant that targets the maximum possible removal rate for different types of pesticides Furthermore, the decentralization of water treatment was also discussed in which it is an important approach that would lead to better effluent water quality for lower prices Many affordable techniques such as activated sludge and adsorption by agricultural adsorbents showed high efficacy in treating high levels of different pesticides

Removal of pesticides from water and wastewater: Chemical, physical and biological treatment approaches

The world’s water supplies have been contaminated due to large effluents containing toxic pollutants such as dyes, heavy metals, surfactants, personal care products, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals from agricultural, industrial, and municipal resources into water streams. Water contamination and its treatment have emerged out as an escalating challenge globally. Extraordinary efforts have been made to overcome the challenges of wastewater treatment in recent years. Various techniques such as chemical methods like Fenton oxidation and electrochemical oxidation, physical procedures like adsorption and membrane filtration, and several biological techniques have been recognized for the treatment of wastewater. This review communicates insights into recent research developments in different treatment techniques and their applications to eradicate various water contaminants. Research gaps have also been identified regarding multiple strategies for understanding key aspects that are important to pilot-scale or large-scale systems. Based on this review, it can be determined that adsorption is a simple, sustainable, cost-effective, and environmental-friendly technique for wastewater treatment, among all other existing technologies. However, there is a need for further research and development, optimization, and practical implementation of the integrated process for a wide range of applications.

A state-of-the-art review on wastewater treatment techniques: the effectiveness of adsorption method.

https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/190290035/water_treatment_revised_Review_Accepted_for_publication.pdf

Insight on water remediation application using magnetic nanomaterials and biosorbents

Bimetallic heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogen production

There are number of water purification techniques but the adsorption is one of the most simplest, effective and economical method for wastewater purification. In this article a large number of solid adsorbents such as Natural adsorbents, Agricultural Wastes, Industrial wastes, Biomass, Nanoadsorbents: Carbon based nanomaterials, Nobel metal based nanomaterials, Metal oxide based nanomaterials, Spinel ferrite based nanomaterials, Nanocomposites, Dendritic polymers; Geopolymer cement have been discussed for the removal of different pollutants from waste water. Removal of Fluoride, Phosphate, Nitrate and Radionuclides from wastewater has also been reviewed in this article. Adsorption isotherm models, kinetic models, thermodynamic parameters and adsorption mechanism have also been discussed. The present article lists different type of adsorbents and reviews state-of-the-art of the removal of different pollutants from water. The efforts have been made to discuss the sources of contamination and toxicities of pollutants. Adsorption mechanisms responsible for pollutants removal by different adsorbents have been reviewed. Attempts have also been made to point out the advantages and drawbacks of adsorbents and the future research needs in the area of water purification by adsorbents.

Water purification by using Adsorbents: A Review

In this article an overview of the developments, importance and applications of some advanced materials have been discussed. The materials which have been discussed are: nanomaterials, smart materials, self cleaning materials, superconductors, multifunctional materials, semiconductors, biological materials and environment friendly materials. It is emphasized that these materials have lot of impact on the society.

/pdf/science-of-advanced-materials-41kalz26vi.pdf

Science of Advanced Materials

Cr(III) and Cr(VI) are toxic metal ions and available in trace amounts in aquatic system. These ions can easily enter into the human body and particularly Cr(VI) can cause serious health problems. As per government regulations, it is necessary that all the industries, before discharging the effluents containing chromium, should reduce the level below the allowable limit. A number of methods have been developed to remove chromium ions particularly Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. In this paper, we prepared NiFe2O4–PANi nanocomposite and used it for the removal of Cr(VI) from the aqueous solution of K2Cr2O7. The process of adsorption was studied by varying pH of the solution, adsorbent dose, metal ion concentration, and contact time. The adsorption studies were also made using PANi alone as an adsorbent. The results showed that the nanocomposite gave good results. The removal of Cr(VI) was maximum at pH ~2.0. The adsorption isotherm was verified on the basis of Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubini...

Removal of toxic hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by nickel ferrite-polyaniline nanocomposite

Effective removal of uranium from aqueous solution by using cerium oxide nanoparticles derived from citrus limon peel extract

Density functional theory (DFT) with non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism and HSPICE simulator have been used to analyse the effect of elemental oxygen atom passivation on the structural, electronic and transport properties of Graphene Nanoribbons (GNRs). The analysis of delay, power dissipation, crosstalk effect, stability and frequency analysis has also been performed to understand its interconnect application. The present study includes all the possible morphologies of zigzag and armchair edge states of GNRs with oxygen and hydrogen passivation. The structural stability of GNRs, analysed in terms of binding energy $(E_{binding})$ observed that the Zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) with both edge oxygen passivated, is the most stable configuration, where stability of the configuration increases with Oxygen concentration. Further, frotextm the bandstructure and density-of-states calculations, it has been observed that considered 6 atom wide and hydrogen passivated Armchair GNR (AGNR) is semiconducting in nature, whereas, with same width hydrogen passivated ZGNR is metallic. On the other hand, passivation of AGNR with increasing concentration of oxygen form them to metallic in nature. Based on the enhanced metallicity and increment in fermi velocity due to passivation of GNRs with oxygen, these structures may be a potential candidate for interconnects. Their computed electron transport properties, dynamical parameters, delay, power delay product and crosstalk induced delay confirms that the zigzag GNR with both the edges passivated with oxygen (O-ZGNR-O) can be considered as best contender for interconnect application due to its remarkable electrical and thermal transport in comparison to other GNR's. The O-ZGNR-O shows lowest value of kinetic inductance and quantum capacitance of. 01032H/m and 2.21 nF/m respectively with higher stability and higher immunity to crosstalk effect in comparison to other proposed GNRs, which is required for nanoscale interconnects. The relative stability of GNRs have been analyzed in terms of nyquist plot with different interconnect lengths. The results suggest that O-ZGNR-O have lowest delay and power dissipation with higher stability, hence defends its application for interconnect application.

Sonal Agrawal

Papers

Water purification by using Adsorbents: A Review

Science of Advanced Materials

Removal of toxic hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by nickel ferrite-polyaniline nanocomposite

Effective removal of uranium from aqueous solution by using cerium oxide nanoparticles derived from citrus limon peel extract

Edge Engineered Graphene Nanoribbons as Nanoscale Interconnect: DFT Analysis