Sonia Patricia Castillo-Rodríguez

Bio: Sonia Patricia Castillo-Rodríguez is an academic researcher from Autonomous University of Tamaulipas. The author has contributed to research in topics: Domestic sheep reproduction & Livestock. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 10 publications receiving 20 citations.

Protocolo de inducción de estro en ovejas de lana en anestro estacional y su comportamiento productivo

Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the climate and a heat synchronization protocol on the onset of puberty, gestation and lambing of Texel x Romney ewes bred outside the breeding season. The experiment was carried out at the INTA Experimental Station (EEA) (Corrientes, Argentina) with 26 Texel x Romney ewes of 11 months of age and 47.0 ± 2.2 kg of body weight. A protocol of estrus synchronization using intravaginal sponges with medroxyprogesterone acetate - MAP (60 mg) for seven days and 400 IU of eCG at the removal of the sponges was applied. Two fertile Dorper males were introduced on the day of sponge removal and the diagnosis of pregnancy by rectal ultrasonography was performed 50 days after the mating. Meteorological data were obtained to calculate the temperature-humidity index (ITH) and to determine the degree of caloric stress. Results showed that 69.2% of the sheep were mated at 48 h, 15 ewe-lambs were considered as pregnant and nine of them lambed. During gestation, the sheep were exposed to severe and extreme stress on 23 and 50% of the days. The mean birth weight was 1.5 ± 0.5 kg.

Frecuencia y altura de corte en Panicum maximum cv Gatton Panic

Abstract: Introduction. Livestock activity is developed in grazing as the main food resource. In central and northern Argentina new planted pastures are being used with higher biomass production and ability to keep forage quality longer. Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of dry matter (kg MS.ha-1), number of buds, and relation leaf:stem (H:T) of Panicum maximum cv. Gatton panic in two heights, three cutting frequencies, and two sampling periods. Materials and methods. The study was developed between April 2011 and May 2012. Two heights (0,15 and 0,30 m) and three cut-off frequencies (30, 45 and 90 d) were evaluated in two periods (90 and 180 d), using a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement: 2 x 3 x 2. Results. Interaction between the variables (A) x height frequency (F) was found. The highest dry matter (MS) production was observed with the lowest height and the highest cutting frequency (0.15 m and 90 d) with 1877.2 kg MS.ha-1. For the number of buds the interaction A x F showed difference (p<0.05) for the combination of 0.30 m and 30 d, while the leaf - stem ratio (H:T) was affected by the interaction A x F. The best H:T ratio was obtained with the intermediate frequency and the higher height. Conclusion. The greatest MS production was obtained with the highest cutting frequency, in the shortest time, and with the lowest height. The highest number of buds was obtained with the lowest frequency, the shortest time, and the highest height; in addition the best H:T ratio was obtained with intermediate and low frequency, the shortest time, and the highest cutting heights.

Sistemas de producción con rumiantes en méxico

Abstract: Some characteristics of the intensive and extensive systems of meat production with ruminants (cattle, goats, and sheep), as well as the biological and economic characteristics and benefits of the systems were analyzed. In Mexico, five large agroecological regions can be found, highlighting by its covering area respectively: the arid-semi-arid, temperate and dry-humid tropic zones, with 49,1%, 23,2% and 27,7%. This last area has the possibility to increase significantly the production of foods of animal origin, due to the availability of resources such as soil, water, fodder, low-cost by-products, and the existing animal population. In addition, the cost of production is lower compared to intensive milk and meat production systems in other areas of Mexico. However, several challenges must be tackled: lack of technology, improved production levels, improved nutrition, and reproductive management of ruminants. In addition, to favor that the Government Programs become used for the refinancing of technologies and consumer goods. Seeking harmony between livestock genetic resources, food and the ecological environment. In addition, there is evidence of reluctance to structural changes in the management of production unit that influence to define a new scheme for meat production, although milk production represents a significant source of income.

Metabolites in the cervical mucus of dual purpose cows in natural and induced estrus.

Abstract: The objective was to quantify cholesterol, sorbitol, and total protein concentrations in cervical mucus obtained from Swiss x Zebu crossbreed cows (n = 40), in order to associate the same with reproductive capability. Two experimental treatment groups were formed to observe natural (n = 20) and Synchro-Mate B® induced estrus (n = 20). Cervical mucus samples were collected during estrous cycle stages of proestrus, estrus, metaestrus, and diestrus and the cholesterol, sorbitol, and total protein concentrations were quantified by enzymatic reactions and spectrophotometry. All experimental cows underwent artificial insemination and pregnancy diagnosis by rectal palpation. Additionally, the effects of body condition and the estrous cycle stages on cervical mucus chemical composition were studied. The experimental design was completely randomized. Treatment, body condition, and estrous cycle stage all modified the cervical mucus metabolites concentrations (P<0.01). The cholesterol and total protein concentrations as well as changes therein were different during estrus and diestrus (P<0.01). The cows having cholesterol concentrations less than 20 mg.dl-1 at estrus and higher than 50 mg.dl-1 at diestrus, as well as protein values less than 2.5 g.dl-1 at estrus, and higher than 3 g.dl-1 at diestrus; showed higher gestation percentage (P<0.05). In conclusion, the chemical composition of cervical mucus is a useful tool to detect females of high reproductive capability.

Factores no genéticos que afectan el peso al nacer y destete de terneros Angus

Abstract: To determine the influence of some non-genetic factors on birth (BW) and weaning weight corrected to 205 d (WWA) of Angus calves, 1,999 and 1,574 weights were analyzed. All the animals were grazing and they were vaccinated against enzootic every six months. The data was analyzed using an analysis of variance under least squares methodology and the statistical model included: year of birth (YB = 1991-2007), season of birth (SB = Cold, Dry and Rainy), parity number (PN = 1, 2, 3,… ≥9 calving) and sex (SX = Males and Females) and the interactions YB*SB, YB*PN and YB*SX. All effects and the interactions affected BW and WWA (P<0,01). The means and standard deviation were 36.2 ± 2.6 and 186.8 ± 30.0 kg, respectively. The differences between the best years (2007) and worse year (1991) to BW was 1.1 kg. Cows of 1, 2 and ≥9 calving had calves less heavy. Male calves weighted more than female to birth and weaning. The interactions that involved YB indicate that the direction and magnitude of the effects are not constant within every year. The interaction YB*SB, YB*PN and YB*SX were important on WWA without being possible to define some tendency or magnitude. All the environmental effect studied was important.

Comportamiento morfofisiológico, nutricional - productivo del pasto Tanzania (Panicum maximum cv) a tres edades de corte

Abstract: The objective was to evaluate the effect of different ages and cutting heights on the morphology and nutritional value of the forage produced by the Tanzania grass. A completely randomized experimental block design (DBCA) was used, with experimental units of 6m2 of useful area, with three cutting ages (20, 25 and 30 days) and 8 repetitions. The results of the morphological variables were higher in the cut made at 30 days, obtaining the following values: number of leaves / plant 3.54; sheet width 2.14; Blade length 78.74; plant height 94.34 and leaf weight 65.15. Regarding nutritional results, grass cut at 30 days had higher averages: phosphorus (6.01%); calcium (5.91%); acid detergent fiber (37.09%), except for the protein variable that had a higher average after 20 days of cut with an average of 17.18%. Descriptors: Agricultural land; agronomy; animal husbandry; agriculture. (Words taken from the UNESCO Thesaurus). CIENCIAMATRIA Revista Interdisciplinaria de Humanidades, Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología Año VI. Vol. VI. N°1. Edición Especial. 2020 Hecho el depósito de ley: pp201602FA4721 ISSN-L: 2542-3029; ISSN: 2610-802X Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda (UNEFM). Santa Ana de Coro. Venezuela Carlos Andrés Andrade-Solórzano; Walter Fernando Vivas-Arturo; Ramona Cecilia Parraga-Alava; Freddy Alain Mendoza-Rivadeneira 568 INTRODUCCIÓN La producción ganadera depende de dos factores elementales como es la alimentación y nutrición los cuales son base fundamental para el correcto desempeño de los animales, indiferentemente del sistema de producción ya sea de carne o leche (López, 2017), además de ser una actividad que genera recursos, mano de obra y estabilidad económica a muchas familias rurales de la región, se atribuye al cultivo de pasturas la mayor responsabilidad del cambio de uso de la tierra y la destrucción de los ecosistemas natural (Macías, Vargas, Sólorzano, Mendoza, & Intriago, 2019). El Ecuador las ganaderías utilizan sistemas de pastoreos del forraje proveniente de pasturas cultivadas, pastizales naturales y verdeos estacionales (Nichea, Ramirez, y Torres, 2019). Según Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y censo (INEC, 2014), del 41,99% del territorio nacional destinado a la producción de pastos, la Provincia de Manabí es la zona de mayor ocupación territorial destinada a este fin con el 21,56%; con aproximadamente 1.160.495 ha-1; el número de cabezas de ganado alcanza 1.068.999 unidades, es decir 0.9 UBA/ha. En base a estos resultados se expresa un déficit en el estudio de indicadores técnicos que proporcionen una información real del potencial productivo de los forrajes existentes en la región. El deterioro de los pastizales ocurre cuando no se consideran los indicadores biológicos y económicos con los que se pueda lograr el equilibrio entre los componentes suelopasto-animal (Reyes, et al, 2018). Sin embargo se asocian otros factores que influyen en la perennialidad y productividad de las gramíneas forrajeras como el manejo adoptado y los componentes estructurales, la densidad de población de los macollos y el número de hojas vivas por macollos, la relación hoja/tallo, el tamaño de la hoja, aliada a las características morfogénicas (alargamiento de las hojas y tallos, período de vida y apariencia de las hojas), variables ambientales (luz, temperatura, agua y nutrientes) (Valles, Castiollo, y Bernal, 2016; Kill, 2020). CIENCIAMATRIA Revista Interdisciplinaria de Humanidades, Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología Año VI. Vol. VI. N°1. Edición Especial. 2020 Hecho el depósito de ley: pp201602FA4721 ISSN-L: 2542-3029; ISSN: 2610-802X Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda (UNEFM). Santa Ana de Coro. Venezuela Carlos Andrés Andrade-Solórzano; Walter Fernando Vivas-Arturo; Ramona Cecilia Parraga-Alava; Freddy Alain Mendoza-Rivadeneira 569 Las especies de Panicum máximum cv es una especie tolerante al pisoteo y la sequía, y es un alto productor de forraje de buena calidad, palatabilidad y digestibilidad; desarrollándose muy bien en SSP con una clara ventaja sobre otras especies de pasto, porque tiene la capacidad de soportar ciertos niveles de sombra (Romero, et al., 2020; Bittencourtt, et al., 2020). Tiene un sistema de crecimiento en macollas, necesita suelos de media a alta fertilidad, bien drenados con pH de 5 a 8, crece de 0 a 1500 msnm y precipitación entre 800 y 3500 mm. año-1 (Schnellmann, Verdoljak, Bernardis, Martínez, y Castillo, 2019). P. maximun es considerado como una alterativa para aumentar la producción de forraje para alimentación animal debido a su alto potencial de productividad de masa seca, además de calidad nutricional Por otro lado, es una hierba con altas demandas de fertilidad y intolerante al déficit hídrico (Basaglia, Simões, y Cintra, 2017; Passoni, Carbajal, y Cárdenas, 2018). Cabe mencionar que, a pesar de su uso y explotación, no se ha logrado identificar estudios que demuestren el potencial nutricional de dicho pasto que determinen cual es la edad óptima de corte para un alto rendimiento. Por lo anterior, fue importante realizar el presente estudio de investigación para evaluar el Comportamiento morfo fisiológico, nutricional y productivo del pasto Panicum maximum cv a tres edades de corte en el cantón Flavio Alfaro provincia de Manabí Ecuador, para determinar la potencialidad de esta variedad a las condiciones de suelos de la región y garantizar técnicamente una mejor productividad tanto de la gramínea como de la actividad ganadera en sí, buscando a la vez alternativas sustitutivas a las gramas

Características pre-destete de bovinos simmental ( Bos Taurus) y sus cruces con brahman (Bos indicus) en el trópico mexicano

Abstract: Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el comportamiento productivo del nacimiento al destete de terneros simmental y sus cruzas con brahman en un rebano productor de carne en el sur de Tamaulipas, Mexico. Se analizaron los registros de los anos 1994 a 2005, peso al nacimiento (PN, n = 947), peso al destete ajustado a 205 dias (PD205, n = 802), y ganancia diaria predestete (GDP, n = 802), utilizando el metodo de minimos cuadrados para determinar los efectos de grupo racial (GR), ano (AP) y epoca (EP) de parto, numero de parto (NP), sexo de la cria (SX), y las interacciones de primer orden sobre PN; mientras que para GDP y PD205 se considero ademas el PN como covariable. Las medias generales para PN, GDP y PD205 fueron 35.2 ± 6.7, 0.774 ± 0.175 y 194.3 ± 37.3 kg, respectivamente. El GR afecto significativamente (p 0.05) en ninguna de las variables de respuesta. Palabras clave: comportamiento pre-destete, terneros simmental. Summary The objective of this study was to determine the productive performance in body weight change from birth to weaning, of calves simmental and their crosses with brahman in a beef cattle in the south of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Data were analyzed from 1994 to 2005 years (birth weight BW, n = 947; weaning weight adjusted to 205 days WW205, n = 802; and pre-weaning daily gain weight DGW, n = 802) using the method of minimum square to determine the effects of breed group (BG), year (YC), and season (SC) calving, parity number of cow (PC), and sex of calves (SX); and the interaction of first order on the variables of BW, DGW and WW205. In DGW and WW205 were considered the covariable of BW. The averages for BW, DGW and WW205 were 35.2 ± 6.7, 0.774 ± 0.175 and 194.3 ± 37.3 kg, respectively. The BG was affected (p 0.05) on anyone's variables. Key words: pre weaning traits, simmental calves. Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a eficiencia produtiva do nascimento de bezerros na desmama Simental e seus cruzamentos com Brahman, em um rebanho produtor de carne de bovino no sul do Tamaulipas, Mexico. Foram analisados os registros dos anos de 1994 a 2005, peso ao nascer (PN, n = 947), desmame peso ajustado para 205 dias (PD205, n = 802), eo ganho diario predestete (PIB n = 802), utilizando o metodo dos minimos quadrados para determinar os efeitos de grupo racial (GR), ano (PA) e tempo (EP) de nascimento, numero de partos (NP), o sexo de criacao (SX) e as interacoes de primeira ordem em PN, enquanto que para o PIB e PD205 tambem e considerado como o PN covariable. e as interacoes de primeira ordem em PN, enquanto que para o PIB e PD205 tambem e considerado como o PN covariable. O CR afetados significativamente (p 0.05) em nenhuma das variaveis resposta. Palavras chave: bezerros simental, comportamento pre-desmame.

Viabilidad económica y financiera de la ganadería caprina extensiva en San Luis Potosí, México

Abstract: In Mexico, goat rising is an important activity because it generates income and food for families located in arid areas with few alternatives. The objective was to determine the economic and financial viability of the extensive caprine livestock and to identify the factors of permanence of the activity, in San Luis Potosi. To obtain the information the technique of producer panels was used. Goat livestock is profitable in the short and medium term due to the use of family labor and the low cost of feeding in the rangeland, however, the permanence in the long term is uncertain since the cost of the factors of production is not covered.

Comportamiento productivo de un hato Charolais bajo condiciones de trópico seco en Tamaulipas, México

Abstract: espanolEl objetivo fue evaluar el comportamiento productivo de un hato de ganado Charolais, para lo cual se analizaron los registros productivos de la finca "Ex Hacienda El Carmen", en Guemez, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Los animales fueron alimentados basicamente con pastos, las vacas se reprodujeron todo el ano y las crias se mantuvieron con la vaca hasta el destete. Las variables peso al nacimiento (PN = 647), peso al destete ajustado a 205 dias (PDA205 = 647) y ganancia diaria de peso (GDP = 647) fueron analizadas usando la tecnica de minimos cuadrados para determinar los efectos de ano de nacimiento (AN = 1979, 1980,…1989); epoca de nacimiento (EN = nortes, secas y lluvias), numero de parto de la vaca (NP = 1, 2,…8), sexo de la cria (SC = macho y hembra), incluyendo el peso al nacimiento (PN) como covariable para PDA205 y GDP. Las medias obtenidas para PN, PDA205 y GDP fueron 29,6 ± 3,6, 219,6 ± 34,2 y 0,770 ± 0,134 kg, respectivamente. PN, PDA205 y GDP se vieron afectados (P EnglishThe objective was to assess the productive performance of a Charolais herd, which was based on the analysis of production records of the "Ex Hacienda El Carmen", farm, located in Guemez, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Animals were fed forages on pastures, cows were bred throughout the year and calves kept with the cow until weaning. The variables of birth weight (BW = 647), adjusted weaning weight to 205 days (AWW205 = 647) and average daily gain (ADG = 647) were analyzed using least squares to determine the effects of year of calving (YC = 1979, 1980,...1989); calving season (CS = windy, dry and rainy season), parity of the cow (PC = 1, 2,...8), sex of the calf (SC = male and female), including the birth weight (BW) as a covariate for AWW205 and ADG. Averages obtained for BW, AWW205 and ADG were 29.6 ± 3.6, 219.6 ± 34.2 and 0.770 ± 0.134 kg, respectively. BW, AWW205 and ADG were affected (P

Utilización de semen bovino sexado en inseminación artificial, transferencia embrionaria y fertilización In Vitro

Abstract: La utilizacion de semen sexado es una alternativa de gran impacto en las explotaciones pecuarias con mayor interes en los hatos lecheros, gracias a la tecnica de la citometria de flujo permite separar los espermatozoides con el cromosoma X de Y siendo el primero en contener un 3.8 a 4% mas ADN cuyo resultado es aproximadamente el 90%, con seguridad determina el sexo hembra, de manera que nuestro interes es enfocar la importancia, ventajas y desventajas de la utilizacion del semen sexado aplicadas a las biotecnologias como Inseminacion artificial, transferencia de embriones, y fertilizacion in vitro, siendo la Inseminacion artificial que con mayor intensidad utiliza el semen sexado especialmente en vaquillas por presentar un mayor porcentaje de fertilidad comparado con vacas que ya han tenido un mayor recorrido en su historial reproductivo, por su parte en transferencia de embriones y fertilizacion in vitro es reciente unicamente con fines investigativos, siendo oportuno conocer las virtudes de esta biotecnologia puesta al servicio del manejo reproductivo pecuario