Soumitri Jena

Bio: Soumitri Jena is an academic researcher from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. The author has contributed to research in topics: Busbar & Fault (power engineering). The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 16 publications receiving 63 citations. Previous affiliations of Soumitri Jena include National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur & Thapar University.

Solving distribution feeder reconfiguration and concurrent dg installation problems for power loss minimization by multi swarm cooperative PSO algorithm

Abstract: This paper presents a novel combinational approach to network reconfiguration and DG installation problems for power loss minimization in distribution network. A multi swarm cooperative population based PSO method is used keeping in view the complexity of maintaining the radial structure and operational constraints. Multi swarm cooperative particle swarm optimization (MC-PSO) algorithm is an extension of PSO algorithm which is based on the cooperative behavior of different organisms living in an eco-system for surviving. The optimal points for DG installation and DG sizing are carried out simultaneously. Different approaches for loss minimization are undertaken and compared with each other. The effectiveness of the approach is tested with IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus test systems with encouraging results.

Development of a new fault zone identification scheme for busbar using logistic regression classifier

Abstract: This study presents the development of a new fault zone identification scheme for busbar using logistic regression binary classifier by utilising one cycle post-fault current signals of all the bays connected to the busbar. Practicability of the presented scheme has been verified by modelling an existing 400 kV Indian power generating station in power systems computer-aided design/electro-magnetic transient design and control software package. The presented scheme has been tested on enormous cases (38,400) which were generated by varying system and fault parameters. The proposed scheme provides effective discrimination between internal and external faults with a very high (99.69%) overall accuracy. Moreover, it remains stable in case of heavy through fault conditions particularly with current transformer saturation during which the conventional differential protection scheme mal-operates. Furthermore, it provides equally compatible accuracy for unknown system/unseen data set as well as for double/one-and-half breaker busbar arrangement. In addition, performance of the proposed scheme has been verified on the laboratory prototype and results are found to be satisfactory. The average tripping time is of the order of 23 ms in case of internal faults. At last, comparative evaluation of the proposed scheme with recently presented schemes in the literature indicates its superiority.

Numerical busbar differential protection using generalised alpha plane

Abstract: This study presents a digital differential busbar protection scheme based on generalised alpha plane approach which combines the benefits of percentage differential approach and two-restrain alpha plane approach. The proposed scheme utilises one cycle current transformer (CT) secondary current signals of all the bays connected to the busbar to map the operating points on a complex alpha plane. The proposed scheme has been evaluated by modelling an existing 400 kV Indian power generating station in PSCAD/EMTDC software package. The performance of the proposed scheme has been evaluated on large numbers of cases with wide variation in system and fault parameters. In order to verify authenticity of the proposed scheme, a laboratory prototype of the proposed busbar protection scheme has been developed. From the developed prototype, CT secondary current signals are captured during internal faults and external fault with CT saturation condition. Comparison between the simulation and prototype results clearly shows the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in terms of higher sensitivity during internal faults and better stability in case of external faults. The proposed protection scheme has a high response speed (around 5 ms) and hence can be considered on par with modern busbar protection schemes.

Sampled value-based bus zone protection scheme with dq-components

Abstract: This study presents a novel algorithm based on dq-components, which has been effectively used for bus zone protection. The analogue current transformer (CT) secondary signals are acquired and converted into sampled values. Then, the fundamentals of an instantaneous current-based differential protection scheme (87B) have been considered to establish the trip logic of the proposed scheme. Its performance has been validated by simulating faults on an existing 400-kV substation with a double-bus-single-breaker configuration. Moreover, a laboratory test bench has been developed to test the authenticity of the proposed scheme for various fault scenarios. The obtained results from the simulation model and laboratory prototype testify the claims of higher sensitivity during internal faults and better stability during external faults with CT saturation. The proposed scheme has been able to provide high-speed busbar protection against a wide range of internal faults. Comparative evaluation with contemporary busbar protection schemes clearly indicates its superiority.

A Faulty Section Identification Scheme in Thyristor Controlled Series Compensated Transmission Lines using Superimposed Currents

Abstract: Thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) installed in transmission lines to increase power transfer capacity of the existing line presents challenges to distance protection relaying scheme. This paper addresses the issue of reverse over-reaching of distance relays in TCSC sectionalized transmission lines. Based on the observations, a new faulty section identification scheme has been proposed using superimposed currents to avoid reverse over-reaching of distance relays in TCSC sectionalized transmission lines. This can be achieved by extracting necessary features from the current signals and thereafter giving them to Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) classifiers. The feasibility of the proposed method has been tested on a 400 kV, 300 km long, TCSC sectionalized transmission line modelled using PSCAD/EMTDC. Upon testing 10,800 fault cases with diversified fault scenario, the performance of the proposed method has been found promising with an overall accuracy of 99.89%.

Energy Management of AC–DC Hybrid Distribution Systems Considering Network Reconfiguration

Abstract: This paper proposes a two-stage energy management scheme (EMS) for AC–DC hybrid smart distribution systems (DSs). The proposed EMS is formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem to minimize the DS operation costs and energy losses. The proposed EMS is achieved in two stages. In the first stage, a network reconfiguration algorithm determines the optimal day-ahead reconfiguration schedule for a hybrid DS. In the second stage, a real-time optimal power flow algorithm determines the real-time operational schedule of the energy resources. This paper also introduces a new linearized power flow model for AC–DC hybrid DSs. This new model facilitates the formulation of the first-stage algorithm as a mixed-integer linear programming problem and the formulation of the second-stage algorithm as a linear programming problem. The proposed two-stage EMS was tested on a case study of a hybrid DS that included different types of loads and distributed generators. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed EMS: the optimal day-ahead reconfiguration schedule was successfully obtained in the first stage, and the proper and optimal real-time operation was achieved in the second stage.

Metaheuristic search in smart grid: A review with emphasis on planning, scheduling and power flow optimization applications

Abstract: A multitude of optimization tasks ensue in the context of the smart grid, often exhibiting undesirable characteristics like non-convexity, mixed types of design variables and multiple - and often conflicting - objectives. These tasks can be broadly categorized into three classes of problems, namely optimal power flow (OPF), scheduling and planning. Metaheuristic search methods form a generic class of optimization techniques, that have been shown to work successfully for complex problems. Not surprisingly, they have been widely applied in the smart grid, their use spanning almost every smart grid-related optimization task. In this work, we review the use of metaheuristic search for OPF, scheduling and planning through a unified approach, keeping in mind that these problems share many common challenges and objectives. The use of different metaheuristic methods is discussed extensively with regard to problem handling, multi-objective optimization performance and method accuracy in relation to computational complexity. An attempt to arrive at quantitative conclusions is also being made, by compiling tables which present collective results on common test grids. Lastly, the paper identifies promising directions for future research, concerning metaheuristic search application practices, method development and new challenges that we believe will shape the future of smart grid optimization.

Instantaneous-Power-Based Busbar Numerical Differential Protection

Abstract: This paper presents a new method for busbar differential protection based on the instantaneous power concept. In order to do so, the instantaneous power per phase of each network element connected to the busbar is computed by using the instantaneous current values and a voltage memory action strategy. The performance of the proposed technique is compared to one of the traditional instantaneous-current-based differential protection algorithms, which is widely used by manufacturers of commercial relays. Both internal and external faults, as well as evolving external-to-internal faults, were simulated in a power substation with double-bus single-breaker configuration using the software ATPDraw. The obtained results reveal that the proposed algorithm is twice or more faster than the traditional instantaneous-current-based algorithm for most of the internal and evolving external-to-internal faults, while ensuring secure operation for external ones even when severe current transformer (CT) saturation takes place, through a new harmonic power restraint strategy. Also, since the proposed method provides faster fault detection time, the requirements for CT time to saturate may be alleviated, guaranteeing correct operation even in the case of early CT saturation.