Assessing resilience/sensitivity of tropical mountain rainforests towards climate variability of the last 1500 years: The long-term perspective at Lake Kalimpaa (Sulawesi, Indonesia)

Myrmecophyte is a common medicinal plant used by local people in Indonesia for treating various diseases especially in Papua. Bengkulu province is one of the Myrmecophyte habitats, but there has no report on its identity and distribution. The objectives of this research were to identify the diversity and analyze the Myrmecophytes distribution as well as factor affecting its presence. This study used purposive sampling method by exploring the area where Myrmecophytes commonly found. The Myrmecophyte distribution based on host tree was analyzed using Morishita index and the autecological analysis of abiotic factors was performed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) generated from Minitab 16. The results of this research showed that there were two species of Myrmecophytes in Bengkulu province, namely Hydnophytum formicarum and Myrmecodia tuberosa , as well as two variants of M. tuberosa i.e. M. tuberosa ‘armata’ and M. tuberosa ‘siberutensis’. The distribution of Myrmecophytes based on host tree was mostly randomly scattered in Central Bengkulu regency, Seluma, North Bengkulu, South Bengkulu, and Kaur. Their distributions were affected by light intensity and temperature. The data of this research can be used as basic information for carried out conservation efforts in Bengkulu province. The abundance of Myrmecophytes is also used as a source of additional income for local people in Bengkulu province.

Diversity and Distribution of Myrmecophytes in Bengkulu Province

Myrmecophytes or locally known as simbagh utak are common medicinal plants used by locals in Bengkulu, especially in South Bengkulu, for treating various diseases. Despite their potential as medicines, there is no report on biotic factors can be used to indicate of Myrmecophytes speciesâ€™ richness and habitat suitability. The objectives of this research were to analyze the Myrmecophytesâ€™ species richness and habitat suitability. This study used the purposive sampling method by exploring the area where Myrmecophytes were commonly found. The biotic factors of Myrmecophytes were analyzed by identifying the tree host, the other epiphyte plant grew around them, and animal occupants on the tuber of the Myrmecophytes. The Myrmecophytes distribution was analyzed by using ArcGIS10.1. The results showed that there were two species of Myrmecophytes, namely Hydnophytum formicarum and Myrmecodia tuberosa in the study area. The Myrmecophytes attached and hung in 9 species of host trees . The characteristics of host trees are high trees with large diameter, mostly rough-barked; some were cracked and mossy. The highest frequency of host trees included Hevea brasiliensis and Durio zibethinus . Myrmecophytes coexisted with 12 species of epiphytes. Epiphyte plants like Dendrobium sp. and Drymoglossum piloselloides can be used to indicate the presence of Myrmecophytes. Ants made up the most predominantly animal found living inside the tubers of Myrmecophytes, with some cockroaches and termites found at the tuber of Hydnophytum. Information on species' richness and habitat suitability of Myrmecophytes can serve as supporting data for conservation efforts in Bengkulu to prevent the extinction of this species.

Species Richness and Habitat Suitability of Myrmecophytes in Bengkulu : Host Tree, Coexist Epiphytes and Animals

Epiphytic Rhododendrons is an important component in an ecosystem, but there is not much information and studies related to its ecology This research aims to inventory and study the distribution and distribution patterns of Rhododendron populations that grow naturally in Eka Karya Botanic Gardens Bali (KREK) Random sampling method was employed to census the host trees especially old ones (more than 20 years) that overgrown with Rhododendrons The results showed that there is one species of epiphytic Rhododendron identified in the KREK, namely Rhododendron javanicum It is found typically in thin substrate thickness with moderate light intensity, mostly in zone III and IV There were five host species, namely Bischofia javanica Blume, Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Blume) de Laub, Glochidion rubrum Blume, Prunus sp, and Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp with a total number of 31 trees The results of this study would provide considerations for KREK managers to conserve, develop and utilize policies of epiphytic Rhododendron species

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Inventory, distribution, and dispersal pattern of epiphytic Rhododendron at Eka Karya Botanic Gardens Bali

Few studies have explicitly determine the habitat of monyet boti ( Macaca tonkeana ) in nature reserve areas in Central Sulawesi. The outcome of this research is to give basic information concerning the conservation and captivation of Macaca tonkeana as an endemic and endangered animal in Sulawesi. Here in, we reported upon the results of the habitat of Macaca tonkeana in protection forest area, Sangginora village, Poso Pesisir Selatan district, Poso, Central Sulawesi.The study was conducted on March through May 2014. Five sample plots were made by the size of 20 x 20 m. Ploting was done by purposive sampling method. Hence vegetation date were analysed to determine the density, frequency, dominant, and Importance Value Index. The results showed that there were 40 plant species comprising 25 families in this area. Four plants species were used by Macaca tonkeana as food sources. The highest important value index (IVI) was achieved by Ficus sp (45,43%), while the lowest Important value index was achieved by Melochia umbellate and Rapanea spec (6,75%). Nunu ( Ficus sp ) is an important source of food, especially the fruit, parts of the plant are eaten fruit and leaves. Further more, the abiotic condition of the habitat including; temperature (24oC-27oC) and relative humidity (69%-72%) and located at 747 m asl. Keywords: Habitat, Macaca tonkeana , Protection forest, Important Value Index.

http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/WartaRimba/article/download/3611/2614

STUDI HABITAT MONYET BOTI (Macaca tonkeana) DI HUTAN LINDUNG DESA SANGGINORA KECAMATAN POSO PESISIR SELATAN KABUPATEN POSO

The research objective were to analyze the vegetation of orchid habitat and to determine orchids species around Tambing Lake, Lore Lindu National Park area, Sedoa village, Lore Utara district, Poso regency, Central Sulawesi. The study employed survey method. The vegetation was recorded in 20m x 20m plots by using purposive sampling methods in orchid habitat. The collected data include all plant species and growth level swithin the sampling plot. The total observation area was 0,16 ha. The results showed that the total number of tree level of plant species recorded was 38 species comprising 9 families with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) was 61,62%. The total number of pole level of plant species recorded was 34 species comprising 7 families with the highest IVI was 74, 43%. The total number of sapling level of plant species recorded was 37 species comprising 9 families with the highest IVI was 65,41%. Hence, The total number of seedling level of plant species recorded was 31 species comprising 7 families with the highest IVI was 49,34%. The highest IVI at all growth levels was achieved by Kaha ( Castanopsis accuminatisima ). In addition, there were 12 orchid species comprising 8 genus founded in this area,i.e; Agrostophyllum, Bulbophyllum, Calanthe, Coelogyne, Dendrobium, Dendrochyllum, Eria, and Trichotosia. Keywords : Vegetation, Orchids Habitat, Tambing Lake, Lore Lindu National Park. Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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Analisis vegetasi habitat anggrek di sekitar danau tambing kawasan taman nasional lore lindu

Orchidacea is a family of fower plant having varous amount of species.  It was estimated to have about 15,000 – 20,000 species.  Orchids can grow not only in the tropics and sub tropics but also grow in various range of altitudes. Besides that, orchids are also known to grow as epiphyt as well as on the soil, rocks and marsh and all are called terrestrial orchid.   The largest distribution of orchids is found in the tropical rain forest.  The objectives of this research was to study the characteristics of host trees for orchids naturally grown at Mataue Village, Lore Lindu National Park.  The method used was line transect (four lines) each with 200 m in length.  Each line consisted of five plots with the size of 20 m x 20 m and the distance between plots was 20 m.  The total number of observaion plots were 20.  The result of the research revealed that the host trees includes Arenga pinnata , Macaranga sp, Syzigium sp, Colophyllum sp, Canarium sp, Cyathea sp, Ficus sp, Glochidion lucidum sp, Lithocarpus sp, Engelhardtia serrata Blume dan Durio zibethinus Merr. The aforementioned host trees have general characteristics inciluding big stem, cracked and hard bark, some of them have peeled off and coarse bark.  Specific to Macaranga sp and Glochidium lucidum , orchids grow om the lower part of the tree and have sufficient amout of solar radiation. Keywords:  host tree, orchids, Lore Lindu National Park

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Sri Ningsih

Papers

Analisis vegetasi habitat anggrek di sekitar danau tambing kawasan taman nasional lore lindu

KARAKTERISTIK POHON INANG ANGGREK DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU (Studi Kasus Desa Mataue, Kecamatan Kulawi, Kabupaten Sigi)