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Stephan F. Taylor

Bio: Stephan F. Taylor is an academic researcher from University of Michigan. The author has contributed to research in topics: Prefrontal cortex & Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming). The author has an hindex of 58, co-authored 179 publications receiving 16611 citations. Previous affiliations of Stephan F. Taylor include United States Department of Veterans Affairs & Veterans Health Administration.


Papers
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TL;DR: A critical comparison of findings across individual studies is provided and suggests that separate brain regions are involved in different aspects of emotion.

3,349 citations

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TL;DR: It is found that males showed more lateralization of emotional activity, and females showed more brainstem activation in affective paradigms, providing evidence that lateralization in emotional activity is more complex and region-specific than predicted by previous theories of emotion and the brain.

1,118 citations

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TL;DR: These findings implicate regions of the "limbic" brain, which may mediate the response to aversive stimuli in healthy individuals and in patients suffering from PTSD.

605 citations

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TL;DR: It appears that DBS has potential value for treating refractory psychiatric disorders, but additional development work is needed before the procedure is utilized outside of carefully controlled research protocols.

484 citations

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TL;DR: In this article, a theory of cognitive aging is presented in which healthy older adults are hypothesized to suffer from disturbances in the processing of context that impair cognitive control function across multiple domains, including attention, inhibition, and working memory.
Abstract: A theory of cognitive aging is presented in which healthy older adults are hypothesized to suffer from disturbances in the processing of context that impair cognitive control function across multiple domains, including attention, inhibition, and working memory. These cognitive disturbances are postulated to be directly related to age-related decline in the function of the dopamine (DA) system in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). A connectionist computational model is described that implements specific mechanisms for the role of DA and PFC in context processing. The behavioral predictions of the model were tested in a large sample of older (N = 81) and young (N = 175) adults performing variants of a simple cognitive control task that placed differential demands on context processing. Older adults exhibited both performance decrements and, counterintuitively, performance improvements that are in close agreement with model predictions.

424 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two computational modeling studies are reported, serving to articulate the conflict monitoring hypothesis and examine its implications, including a feedback loop connecting conflict monitoring to cognitive control, and a number of important behavioral phenomena.
Abstract: A neglected question regarding cognitive control is how control processes might detect situations calling for their involvement. The authors propose here that the demand for control may be evaluated in part by monitoring for conflicts in information processing. This hypothesis is supported by data concerning the anterior cingulate cortex, a brain area involved in cognitive control, which also appears to respond to the occurrence of conflict. The present article reports two computational modeling studies, serving to articulate the conflict monitoring hypothesis and examine its implications. The first study tests the sufficiency of the hypothesis to account for brain activation data, applying a measure of conflict to existing models of tasks shown to engage the anterior cingulate. The second study implements a feedback loop connecting conflict monitoring to cognitive control, using this to simulate a number of important behavioral phenomena.

6,385 citations

01 Feb 2009
TL;DR: This Secret History documentary follows experts as they pick through the evidence and reveal why the plague killed on such a scale, and what might be coming next.
Abstract: Secret History: Return of the Black Death Channel 4, 7-8pm In 1348 the Black Death swept through London, killing people within days of the appearance of their first symptoms. Exactly how many died, and why, has long been a mystery. This Secret History documentary follows experts as they pick through the evidence and reveal why the plague killed on such a scale. And they ask, what might be coming next?

5,234 citations

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TL;DR: The results suggest a functional architecture for the cognitive control of emotion that dovetails with findings from other human and nonhuman research on emotion.

3,817 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work reviews the emerging literature that relates social cognition to the medial frontal cortex and proposes a theoretical model of medial frontal cortical function relevant to different aspects of social cognitive processing.
Abstract: Social interaction is a cornerstone of human life, yet the neural mechanisms underlying social cognition are poorly understood. Recently, research that integrates approaches from neuroscience and social psychology has begun to shed light on these processes, and converging evidence from neuroimaging studies suggests a unique role for the medial frontal cortex. We review the emerging literature that relates social cognition to the medial frontal cortex and, on the basis of anatomical and functional characteristics of this brain region, propose a theoretical model of medial frontal cortical function relevant to different aspects of social cognitive processing.

3,426 citations