Author
Stéphane Laurent
Other affiliations: University of Lausanne, Paris Descartes University, French Institute of Health and Medical Research
Bio: Stéphane Laurent is an academic researcher from University of Paris. The author has contributed to research in topics: Blood pressure & Arterial stiffness. The author has an hindex of 83, co-authored 424 publications receiving 75440 citations. Previous affiliations of Stéphane Laurent include University of Lausanne & Paris Descartes University.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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3 citations
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TL;DR: Data suggest that when the effects of mechanical stress on the arterial wall are evaluated, it is necessary not only to take into account steady (i.e., mean) parameters but also to consider pulsatile parameters and the variability of steady and pulsatile Parameters.
Abstract: Some epidemiologic and experimental studies have raised the possibility that pulse pressure may be a determinant of vascular structure. In addition, 24-h blood pressure variability has been reported to be more closely related to the severity of target-organ damage than to casual blood pressure in hypertensive patients. These data suggest that when the effects of mechanical stress on the arterial wall are evaluated, it is necessary not only to take into account steady (i.e., mean) parameters but also to consider pulsatile parameters and the variability of steady and pulsatile parameters. Pharmacologic data suggest that reduction of pulse pressure during antihypertensive treatment may be a factor in prevention of altered vascular structure during chronic hypertension. Improving arterial compliance by specific antihypertensive treatment is a way to reduce pulse pressure and therefore to contribute to this prevention. Whether normalization of blood pressure variability by antihypertensive treatment is also a means of preventing altered vascular structure remains to be determined.
3 citations
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TL;DR: Agreement within Europe abo ut antihypertensive treatment and education – results from the European Society of Hypertension questionnaire.
Abstract: Agreement within Europe abo ut antihypertensive treatment and education – results from the European Society of Hypertension questionnaire Michael H. Olsen, Jean-Michel Mallion, Karl-Heinz Rahn, Serap Erdine, Margus Viigimaa, Stéphane Laurent, Enrico Agabiti-Rosei, Giuseppe Mancia, Roland E. Schmieder, Renata Cifkova, Anna Dominiczak, Sverre E. Kjeldsen, Josep Redon, Alberto Zanchetti, Peter Nilsson, Krzysztof Narkiewicz, on behalf of the ESH Council
3 citations
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TL;DR: La prise en charge intensive, multidisciplinaire, permet une amelioration substantielle du pronostic en charge medicamenteuse de the pression arterielle et des dyslipidemies reduit le risque de complications chez le diabetique.
Abstract: Le diabete de type 2 est un probleme majeur de sante publique Les complications du diabete sont essentiellement la consequence de l’atteinte arterielle, microvasculaire et macrovasculaire L’atteinte la plus precoce est la dysfonction endotheliale, resultant de multiples mecanismes Les consequences fonctionnelles sont une alteration de la capacite de vasodilatation physiologique, une proliferation et migration des cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires, un depot accelere de matrice extracellulaire et une augmentation de rigidite A long terme, ces anomalies sont potentialisees par la co-segregation des autres facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire et concourent a la survenue d’un atherome precoce et severe Les complications macrovasculaires du diabetique sont plus frequentes et plus graves que chez le non-diabetique La prise en charge intensive, multidisciplinaire, permet une amelioration substantielle du pronostic La prise en charge medicamenteuse de la pression arterielle et des dyslipidemies reduit le risque de complications chez le diabetique Une detection precoce possible des lesions arterielles au travers d’une augmentation de rigidite, d’un epaississement intima-media ou d’une dysfonction endotheliale est possible en recherche clinique, et bientot en pratique clinique Le developpement de medicaments specifiquement efficaces sur les phases les plus precoces de la maladie arterielle diabetique est en cours L’approche la plus aboutie semble letre es medicaments « casseurs de produits de fin de glycation », actuellement en developpement de phase III Ces avancees technologiques ne doivent pas occulter que la pandemie de diabete de type 2 a des origines comportementales, entretenues par le consumerisme « occidental », et que seules des modifications en profondeur du comportement permettront d’endiguer cette catastrophe sanitaire annoncee
3 citations
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TL;DR: While individual predictive accuracy of cAI was variable, overall population results were consistent, supporting use of rAI in clinical trials and may help stratify individual risk along with brachial cuff pressure.
Abstract: Background Peripheral wave reflection augments central blood pressure and contributes to cardiac load. This pressure augmentation is not quantifiable from brachial cuff pressure but can be determined from carotid pulsations using the augmentation index (Al). However, carotid tonometry is technically challenging and difficult to standardize in practice. We tested whether automated radial pressure analysis provides a viable alternative. Methods and results Carotid and radial Al (CAI, rAl) were measured in 46 volunteers with a broad range of arterial properties. Data were assessed at rest, during a cold-pressor test, and following 0.4 mg of sublingual nitroglycerin. cAI correlated with rAI independent of age, mean blood pressure (BP), gender or body mass (cAI = 0.79 X rAl - 0.467, r = 0.81, P< 0.00001), with zero mean bias. There was individual variability in the prediction (difference ofe -4 + 23%), though 65% of the estimates fell within 15% of each other. Change in rAI and cAI with provocative maneuvers also correlated (r= 0.77, P< 0.001). Both CAI and rAI were nonlinearly related to late-systolic pressure-time integral (PTI), an index of cardiac load. At cAl<0.1 or rAI < 0.69, PTI was unaltered, while greater values correlated with increased PTI. rAI accurately predicted this cut-off in 88% of cases, with a 5.5% false negative rate. Conclusions Automated rAI analysis is an easily applied method to assess basal and dynamic central pressure augmentation. While individual predictive accuracy of cAI was variable, overall population results were consistent, supporting use of rAI in clinical trials. Its prediction of when Al is associated with greater LV loading (i.e. cardiac risk) is good and may help stratify individual risk along with brachial cuff pressure.
3 citations
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28,685 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a randomized controlled trial of Aliskiren in the Prevention of Major Cardiovascular Events in Elderly people was presented. But the authors did not discuss the effect of the combination therapy in patients living with systolic hypertension.
Abstract: ABCD
: Appropriate Blood pressure Control in Diabetes
ABI
: ankle–brachial index
ABPM
: ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
ACCESS
: Acute Candesartan Cilexetil Therapy in Stroke Survival
ACCOMPLISH
: Avoiding Cardiovascular Events in Combination Therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension
ACCORD
: Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes
ACE
: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACTIVE I
: Atrial Fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for Prevention of Vascular Events
ADVANCE
: Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation
AHEAD
: Action for HEAlth in Diabetes
ALLHAT
: Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart ATtack
ALTITUDE
: ALiskiren Trial In Type 2 Diabetes Using Cardio-renal Endpoints
ANTIPAF
: ANgioTensin II Antagonist In Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
APOLLO
: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Aliskiren in the Prevention of Major Cardiovascular Events in Elderly People
ARB
: angiotensin receptor blocker
ARIC
: Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities
ARR
: aldosterone renin ratio
ASCOT
: Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial
ASCOT-LLA
: Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial—Lipid Lowering Arm
ASTRAL
: Angioplasty and STenting for Renal Artery Lesions
A-V
: atrioventricular
BB
: beta-blocker
BMI
: body mass index
BP
: blood pressure
BSA
: body surface area
CA
: calcium antagonist
CABG
: coronary artery bypass graft
CAPPP
: CAPtopril Prevention Project
CAPRAF
: CAndesartan in the Prevention of Relapsing Atrial Fibrillation
CHD
: coronary heart disease
CHHIPS
: Controlling Hypertension and Hypertension Immediately Post-Stroke
CKD
: chronic kidney disease
CKD-EPI
: Chronic Kidney Disease—EPIdemiology collaboration
CONVINCE
: Controlled ONset Verapamil INvestigation of CV Endpoints
CT
: computed tomography
CV
: cardiovascular
CVD
: cardiovascular disease
D
: diuretic
DASH
: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
DBP
: diastolic blood pressure
DCCT
: Diabetes Control and Complications Study
DIRECT
: DIabetic REtinopathy Candesartan Trials
DM
: diabetes mellitus
DPP-4
: dipeptidyl peptidase 4
EAS
: European Atherosclerosis Society
EASD
: European Association for the Study of Diabetes
ECG
: electrocardiogram
EF
: ejection fraction
eGFR
: estimated glomerular filtration rate
ELSA
: European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis
ESC
: European Society of Cardiology
ESH
: European Society of Hypertension
ESRD
: end-stage renal disease
EXPLOR
: Amlodipine–Valsartan Combination Decreases Central Systolic Blood Pressure more Effectively than the Amlodipine–Atenolol Combination
FDA
: U.S. Food and Drug Administration
FEVER
: Felodipine EVent Reduction study
GISSI-AF
: Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico-Atrial Fibrillation
HbA1c
: glycated haemoglobin
HBPM
: home blood pressure monitoring
HOPE
: Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation
HOT
: Hypertension Optimal Treatment
HRT
: hormone replacement therapy
HT
: hypertension
HYVET
: HYpertension in the Very Elderly Trial
IMT
: intima-media thickness
I-PRESERVE
: Irbesartan in Heart Failure with Preserved Systolic Function
INTERHEART
: Effect of Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors associated with Myocardial Infarction in 52 Countries
INVEST
: INternational VErapamil SR/T Trandolapril
ISH
: Isolated systolic hypertension
JNC
: Joint National Committee
JUPITER
: Justification for the Use of Statins in Primary Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin
LAVi
: left atrial volume index
LIFE
: Losartan Intervention For Endpoint Reduction in Hypertensives
LV
: left ventricle/left ventricular
LVH
: left ventricular hypertrophy
LVM
: left ventricular mass
MDRD
: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease
MRFIT
: Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial
MRI
: magnetic resonance imaging
NORDIL
: The Nordic Diltiazem Intervention study
OC
: oral contraceptive
OD
: organ damage
ONTARGET
: ONgoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial
PAD
: peripheral artery disease
PATHS
: Prevention And Treatment of Hypertension Study
PCI
: percutaneous coronary intervention
PPAR
: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PREVEND
: Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENdstage Disease
PROFESS
: Prevention Regimen for Effectively Avoiding Secondary Strokes
PROGRESS
: Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study
PWV
: pulse wave velocity
QALY
: Quality adjusted life years
RAA
: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
RAS
: renin-angiotensin system
RCT
: randomized controlled trials
RF
: risk factor
ROADMAP
: Randomized Olmesartan And Diabetes MicroAlbuminuria Prevention
SBP
: systolic blood pressure
SCAST
: Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker Candesartan for Treatment of Acute STroke
SCOPE
: Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly
SCORE
: Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation
SHEP
: Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program
STOP
: Swedish Trials in Old Patients with Hypertension
STOP-2
: The second Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension
SYSTCHINA
: SYSTolic Hypertension in the Elderly: Chinese trial
SYSTEUR
: SYSTolic Hypertension in Europe
TIA
: transient ischaemic attack
TOHP
: Trials Of Hypertension Prevention
TRANSCEND
: Telmisartan Randomised AssessmeNt Study in ACE iNtolerant subjects with cardiovascular Disease
UKPDS
: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study
VADT
: Veterans' Affairs Diabetes Trial
VALUE
: Valsartan Antihypertensive Long-term Use Evaluation
WHO
: World Health Organization
### 1.1 Principles
The 2013 guidelines on hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the European Society of Cardiology …
14,173 citations
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TL;DR: Authors/Task Force Members: Piotr Ponikowski* (Chairperson) (Poland), Adriaan A. Voors* (Co-Chair person) (The Netherlands), Stefan D. Anker (Germany), Héctor Bueno (Spain), John G. F. Cleland (UK), Andrew J. S. Coats (UK)
13,400 citations
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TL;DR: 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension : The Task Force for the management of Arterspertension of the European Society ofhypertension (ESH) and of theEuropean Society of Cardiology (ESC).
Abstract: 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension : The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).
9,932 citations
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: These standards of care are intended to provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payors, and other interested individuals with the components of diabetes care, treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care.
Abstract: XI. STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING DIABETES CARE D iabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and patient self-management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Diabetes care is complex and requires that many issues, beyond glycemic control, be addressed. A large body of evidence exists that supports a range of interventions to improve diabetes outcomes. These standards of care are intended to provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payors, and other interested individuals with the components of diabetes care, treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care. While individual preferences, comorbidities, and other patient factors may require modification of goals, targets that are desirable for most patients with diabetes are provided. These standards are not intended to preclude more extensive evaluation and management of the patient by other specialists as needed. For more detailed information, refer to Bode (Ed.): Medical Management of Type 1 Diabetes (1), Burant (Ed): Medical Management of Type 2 Diabetes (2), and Klingensmith (Ed): Intensive Diabetes Management (3). The recommendations included are diagnostic and therapeutic actions that are known or believed to favorably affect health outcomes of patients with diabetes. A grading system (Table 1), developed by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and modeled after existing methods, was utilized to clarify and codify the evidence that forms the basis for the recommendations. The level of evidence that supports each recommendation is listed after each recommendation using the letters A, B, C, or E.
9,618 citations