Author
Subrata Banerjee
Bio: Subrata Banerjee is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Quartz & Kaolinite. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 4 publications receiving 2 citations.
Topics: Quartz, Kaolinite, Clay minerals
Papers
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TL;DR: Refractories are part and parcel of modern civilization as discussed by the authors and are the most essential ingredient of all high temperature processes such as producing metals, glass etc. Significant developments have been made in this area.
Abstract: Refractories are part and parcel of modern civilization. It is the most essential ingredient of all high temperature processes such as producing metals, glass etc. Significant developments have tak...
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the properties, applications and microstructural developments of these no-cement castables are discussed, which are based on a proprietory bonding system and can be installed by a concrete pump.
Abstract: Since the advancement of monolithic refractories through low moisture/low-cement castables, the iron and steel industries have benefited significantly through improved quality and productivity. A no-cement castable has also been developed recently, which has basically similar characteristics as of low-cement castables and have better hot strengths above 1400°C, ease of drying without spalling or cracking; they are amenable to the basic installation techniques. All these no-cement castables which are based on a proprietory bonding system can be installed by a concrete pump. The advancements mentioned above have made these no-cement castables much more versatile. This paper deals with the properties, applications and microstructural developments of these no-cement castables.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the use of GC, GC/MS and HPLC are also becoming common to characterize health and safety related problems in thermal applications, and the standard deviation and coeficient of determinations are mentioned.
Abstract: Methods have been developed for analysis of alumino-silicate and magnesia-chrome materials by X-ray fluorescence by fusing the materials into a glass disc and then analyzing the components by irradiating with X-rays. Lithium tetraborate has been used for alumino-silicates, and sodium hexametaphosphate along with lithium metaborate has been used for chrome-magnesia materials. Addition of La2O3 as a heavy absorber has been eliminated in both cases by using programmes for inter-elemental corrections by the computer. Calibration lines made from available standards have been made and their standard deviation and coeficient of determinations are mentioned. To cope with the changes in refractory technology, thermal analysis equipment have been used to solve problems related to change in thermal applications. DTA and TGA have been used extensively and some specific applications have been mentioned. The use of GC, GC/MS and HPLC are also becoming common to characterize health and safety related problems.
TL;DR: In this article, the usefulness of a refractory clay depends very much on the quantity of free silica (quartz) in the clay and has to be determined before the clay is mined.
Abstract: The usefulness of a refractory clay depends very much on the quantity of free silica (quartz) in the clay and has to be determined before the clay is mined. It has been found that the quartz content can be correlated with loss on ignition (LOI), Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE), water of plasticity and Bulk Specific Gravity (BSG) and calcining temperature of the clay. All these correlations indicate that a suitable clay should not contain more than 20–25% quartz for refractory use.
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Dissertation•
01 Jul 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate six unexplored Nigerian clay based on the suitability of their chemical, physical, mechanical and thermal properties as refractories, and the overall experiment results are within the range of ASTM============standards and illustrate that all of the clay is potentially a refractory material.
Abstract: Refractories are mineral and chemical based materials, with high heat resistance
properties. Refractory manufacturing typically uses clay as the main raw material.
The study aims to investigate six unexplored Nigerian clay based on the suitability of
their chemical, physical, mechanical and thermal properties as refractories. Six clay
deposit locations in Nigeria were selected namely Kpata, Riyom, Gombe, Aloji,
Barkin-lade and Quan’pan. The samples were obtained through a two meters depth
excavation method. Experimental specimens were produced from these samples
through dry-pressing methods followed by firing at 900-1200°C. All specimens were
tested to identify the chemical, physical, mechanical and thermal properties of
ASTM standards. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis
show that all specimens contain alumino-silicates as the dominant composition, with
10% loss on ignition. Through the Archimedes test, the percentage of porosity is
found in the range of 20-30%, with bulk densities about 1.7-2.3g/cm3. Cold crushing
strength (CCS) and modulus of rupture (MOR) give readings of 15-59 MPa and 6.2-
9MPa respectively. Meanwhile, the analysis on thermal properties found specimens
having thermal shock resistance on a 20-30 scale cycle, pyrometric cone equivalence
(PCE) at a temperature range of 1500-1700°C and thermal conductivity at a range of
0.01-0.9W/m.K. The overall experiment results are within the range of ASTM
standards and this illustrates that all of the clay is potentially a refractory material.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the results of the mineralogical analysis revealed that all the studied samples are alumino-silicate clays and were categorized under chemical classification group of 60-70% of SiO2, 23-33% of Al2O3, and 6-10% of impurities.
Abstract: The geological origin and geographical formation of kaolin coupled with the processing method influences some physical and chemical properties of the kaolin, which invariably affect its industrial application capabilities. In this study, raw kaolin clay at different point from four identified deposits around Gombe state were excavated and collected for assessment. The samples were characterized using the X-ray diffractometer (XRD) to determine the mineralogical peaks and the crystalline phases in each of the specimen. After which, the chemical composition of the samples was quantified using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) test. Firing of all specimens was conducted at varied firing temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C and 1200°C at the heating rate of 2.5°C/min. The result of the mineralogical analysis revealed that all the studied samples are alumino-silicate clays and were categorized under chemical classification group of 60-70% of SiO2, 23-33% of Al2O3, and 6-10% of impurities, suitable for use as low duty refractories and fire bricks in accordance with ASTM C27-98 standard.
TL;DR: A case study of an R&D activity and its successful commercialization in the area of high technology ceramic component taking the specific example of a PTC device development is presented in this paper.
Abstract: Commercialization of indigenous R&D for technological needs particularly in advanced materials and component areas is yet to receive significant attention in our country. The present paper discusses a case study of an R&D activity and its successful commercialization in the area of high technology ceramic component taking the specific example of a PTC device development.