Due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the educational system, students cannot go to school as usual. Therefore, Ministry of Education cooperates with Distance Learning Foundation Under the Royal Patronage and Office of the National Broadcasting and Telecommunication (NBTC) to organize distance learning through the digital distance learning television. During the COVID-19 situations, schools increasingly adapt themselves to distance learning. However, schools for disabilities, Suksasongkhro Schools, and Special Education Centers cannot organize distance learning media through Distance Learning Television (DLTV) due to limitations of the students with disabilities to use the distance learning system. For example, blind students cannot access visual contents of the video media through the distance learning system so they need audio description for what they cannot see. In addition, deaf students cannot access audio contents through the distance learning, and they need sign/hand language. Thai sign language is the first language of deaf people for communicating with other people. Therefore, in this study we aim to integrate Thai sign language, closed captions, and audio description into the video soundtrack.

Online Learning Platform for Students with Disabilities: Possible Path to Progress

Tourism has experienced dynamic development in recent decades and has become one of the fastest growing industries; however, the COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented changes and declines in revenues and tourism trends. With the strong support of bioeconomy (BE) this period brings a great opportunity to transform the entire tourism sector into a model responding to that concept. The main aim of this article is to prove whether and under what possible conditions tourism is a part of the concept of BE. Selected European Union (EU) countries have been chosen so that every geographical area is represented. This analysis was therefore carried out for a total of 12 states and the EU as a whole (13 entities). Of these 13 entities, seven have their own BE strategy and six do not. According to the level of emphasis on the field of tourism in the examined documents, we divided the states into three categories. Although the selected and analysed countries mention tourism in their BE strategies with various emphasis and approach, the inclusion of tourism under this concept is evident. Bioeconomy-based tourism has been designed as a new concept that considers the approach of BE. It focuses above all on a sustainable level of tourism in the connection of economic and environmental pillars, where the main emphasis is placed on the effective use of natural resources and maximum effort not to waste these resources, as well as to support economic growth.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1122440/pdf

Sudarat Luepongpattana

Papers

Elucidating authorship issues as an element of research quality at Thailand’s National Science and Technology Development Agency