Sumathi Suresh

Bio: Sumathi Suresh is an academic researcher from Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Autophagy & Bacterial cellulose. The author has an hindex of 22, co-authored 90 publications receiving 1617 citations. Previous affiliations of Sumathi Suresh include City University of New York & Indian Institute of Science.

Application of artificial neural networks for the classification of liver lesions by image texture parameters

Abstract: Ultrasound imaging is a powerful tool for characterizing the state of soft tissues; however, in some cases, where only subtle differences in images are seen as in certain liver lesions such as hemangioma and malignancy, existing B-scan methods are inadequate. More detailed analyses of image texture parameters along with artificial neural networks can be utilized to enhance differentiation. From B-scan ultrasound images, 11 texture parameters comprising of first, second and run length statistics have been obtained for normal, hemangioma and malignant livers. Tissue characterization was then performed using a multilayered backpropagation neural network. The results for 113 cases have been compared with a classification based on discriminant analysis. For linear discriminant analysis, classification accuracy is 79.6% and with neural networks the accuracy is 100%. The present results show that neural networks classify better than discriminant analysis, demonstrating a much potential for clinical application.

Ultrasound image segmentation: a survey

Abstract: This paper reviews ultrasound segmentation methods, in a broad sense, focusing on techniques developed for medical B-mode ultrasound images. First, we present a review of articles by clinical application to highlight the approaches that have been investigated and degree of validation that has been done in different clinical domains. Then, we present a classification of methodology in terms of use of prior information. We conclude by selecting ten papers which have presented original ideas that have demonstrated particular clinical usefulness or potential specific to the ultrasound segmentation problem

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

Abstract: In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.

Redox-Flow Batteries: From Metals to Organic Redox-Active Materials

Abstract: Research on redox-flow batteries (RFBs) is currently experiencing a significant upturn, stimulated by the growing need to store increasing quantities of sustainably generated electrical energy. RFBs are promising candidates for the creation of smart grids, particularly when combined with photovoltaics and wind farms. To achieve the goal of "green", safe, and cost-efficient energy storage, research has shifted from metal-based materials to organic active materials in recent years. This Review presents an overview of various flow-battery systems. Relevant studies concerning their history are discussed as well as their development over the last few years from the classical inorganic, to organic/inorganic, to RFBs with organic redox-active cathode and anode materials. Available technologies are analyzed in terms of their technical, economic, and environmental aspects; the advantages and limitations of these systems are also discussed. Further technological challenges and prospective research possibilities are highlighted.