Sunyoung Bae

Bio: Sunyoung Bae is an academic researcher from Seoul Women's University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Hydrothermal carbonization & Adsorption. The author has an hindex of 14, co-authored 38 publications receiving 1215 citations. Previous affiliations of Sunyoung Bae include University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill & University of North Carolina at Charlotte.

Hydrothermal carbonization of municipal waste streams.

Abstract: Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a novel thermal conversion process that can be used to convert municipal waste streams into sterilized, value-added hydrochar. HTC has been mostly applied and studied on a limited number of feedstocks, ranging from pure substances to slightly more complex biomass such as wood, with an emphasis on nanostructure generation. There has been little work exploring the carbonization of complex waste streams or of utilizing HTC as a sustainable waste management technique. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the environmental implications associated with the carbonization of representative municipal waste streams (including gas and liquid products), to evaluate the physical, chemical, and thermal properties of the produced hydrochar, and to determine carbonization energetics associated with each waste stream. Results from batch carbonization experiments indicate 49–75% of the initially present carbon is retained within the char, while 20–37% and 2–11% of the carbon is ...

Hydrothermal Carbonization: Modeling, Final Properties Design and Applications: A Review

Abstract: Active research on biomass hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) continues to demonstrate its advantages over other thermochemical processes, in particular the interesting benefits that are associated with carbonaceous solid products, called hydrochar (HC) The areas of applications of HC range from biofuel to doped porous material for adsorption, energy storage, and catalysis At the same time, intensive research has been aimed at better elucidating the process mechanisms and kinetics, and how the experimental variables (temperature, time, biomass load, feedstock composition, as well as their interactions) affect the distribution between phases and their composition This review provides an analysis of the state of the art on HTC, mainly with regard to the effect of variables on the process, the associated kinetics, and the characteristics of the solid phase (HC), as well as some of the more studied applications so far The focus is on research made over the last five years on these topics

The Elovich equation as a predictor of lead and cadmium sorption rates on contaminant barrier minerals

Abstract: Contaminant sorption reactions in soils are generally heterogeneous, multi-steps solid–liquid reactions that compliment transport processes. For contaminant barrier materials, reaction heterogeneity is promoted by variability in the mineralogy and grain size distribution of materials required in mix proportions to satisfy various design functions. The adsorption/desorption of contaminants in barrier systems is necessary for performance assessments. In this paper, the sorption/desorption rates of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ on Na-montmorillonite ((OH) 4 Si 8 Al 4 O 20 nH 2 ONa) and kaolinite ((OH) 8 Si 4 Al 4 O 10 ) were investigated by varying nature of aqueous contaminants and clay. Heavy metals including Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ were adsorbed/desorbed on the clays at pH levels of 2, 3, 4, and 7 for 48 h. Sorption/desorption of these heavy metals was found to be influenced by point of zero charge, cation exchange capacity, particle size, pH of the system, complexation of metals, and hydrated ionic radius of metals. As a result, Elovich equation was found to adequately explain the kinetics of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ on two clay minerals with the squared correlation coefficients ( R 2 ) that range from 0.70 to 0.99. At pH 2, removal rate were 36.3% for Pb 2+ and 64.5% for Cd 2+ from Na-montmorillonite while 67.1% for Pb 2+ and 75.0% Cd 2+ from kaolinite, respectively. The results obtained from the Elovich equation could be useful for assessing the sorption equilibrium for the metals potentially attained in soil barrier systems.

Sustainable carbon materials

Abstract: Carbon-based structures are the most versatile materials used in the modern field of renewable energy (i.e., in both generation and storage) and environmental science (e.g., purification/remediation). However, there is a need and indeed a desire to develop increasingly more sustainable variants of classical carbon materials (e.g., activated carbons, carbon nanotubes, carbon aerogels, etc.), particularly when the whole life cycle is considered (i.e., from precursor "cradle" to "green" manufacturing and the product end-of-life "grave"). In this regard, and perhaps mimicking in some respects the natural carbon cycles/production, utilization of natural, abundant and more renewable precursors, coupled with simpler, lower energy synthetic processes which can contribute in part to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions or the use of toxic elements, can be considered as crucial parameters in the development of sustainable materials manufacturing. Therefore, the synthesis and application of sustainable carbon materials are receiving increasing levels of interest, particularly as application benefits in the context of future energy/chemical industry are becoming recognized. This review will introduce to the reader the most recent and important progress regarding the production of sustainable carbon materials, whilst also highlighting their application in important environmental and energy related fields.

Black perspectives for a green future: hydrothermal carbons for environment protection and energy storage

Abstract: This perspective review paper provides an overview on recently developed carbon material technology synthesised from the hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) approach, with a particular focus on the carbon formation mechanism, perspectives on large scale production, nanostructuring, functionalisation and applications. Perceptions on how this technology will be developed especially with regard to application fields where the use of HTC-derived materials could be extended will also be introduced and discussed.