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Supriya Singh

Bio: Supriya Singh is an academic researcher from International Institute for Population Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Freundlich equation & Hexavalent chromium. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 4 publications receiving 18 citations.

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TL;DR: Maternal factors (specifically mother’s education) were the highest contributory factors in explaining rich-poor inequality in stunting as well as underweight among urban children during 2005–06 and 2015–16.
Abstract: With increasing urbanization in India, child growth among urban poor has emerged as a paramount public health concern amidst the continuously growing slum population and deteriorating quality of life. This study analyses child undernutrition among urban poor and non-poor and decomposes the contribution of various factors influencing socio-economic inequality. This paper uses data from two recent rounds of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3&4) conducted during 2005–06 and 2015–16. The concentration index (CI) and the concentration curve (CC) measure socio-economic inequality in child growth in terms of stunting, wasting, and underweight. Wagstaff decomposition further analyses key contributors in CI by segregating significant covariates into five groups-mother’s factor, health-seeking factors, environmental factors, child factors, and socio-economic factors. The prevalence of child undernutrition was more pronounced among children from poor socio-economic strata. The concentration index decreased for stunting (− 0.186 to − 0.156), underweight (− 0.213 to − 0.162) and wasting (− 0.116 to − 0.045) from 2005 to 06 to 2015–16 respectively. The steepness in growth was more among urban poor than among urban non-poor in every age interval. Maternal education contributed about 19%, 29%, and 33% to the inequality in stunting, underweight and wasting, respectively during 2005–06. During 2005–06 as well as 2015–16, maternal factors (specifically mother’s education) were the highest contributory factors in explaining rich-poor inequality in stunting as well as underweight. More than 85% of the economic inequality in stunting, underweight, and wasting among urban children were explained by maternal factors, environmental factors, and health-seeking factors. All the nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions in urban areas should be prioritized, focusing on urban poor, who are often clustered in low-income slums. Rich-poor inequality in child growth calls out for integration and convergence of nutrition interventions with policy interventions aimed at poverty reduction. There is also a need to expand the scope of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) program to provide mass education regarding nutrition and health by making provisions of home visits of workers primarily focusing on pregnant and lactating mothers.

26 citations

01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this article, an adsorbent has been prepared from Syzygium cumini (L.) seed and studies are carried out for chromium (VI) removal from industrial wastewater.
Abstract: Hazardous metals such as chromium in industrial wastewater followed by leaching to ground water are threat to the environment because of their toxicity and their impact on our ecosystem. Among the different heavy metals, chromium (VI) is a common and very toxic pollutant being introduced into natural waters from a variety of industrial wastewaters. Chromium (III) is an essential element for organisms that can disrupt the sugar metabolism and cause heart conditions, when the daily dose is too low. Chromium (VI) is mainly toxic to organisms. It can alter genetic materials and cause cancer. Adverse health effects associated with Cr (VI) exposure include occupational asthma, eye irritation and damage, perforated eardrums, respiratory irritation, kidney damage, liver damage, pulmonary congestion and edema, upper abdominal pain, nose irritation and damage, respiratory cancer, skin irritation, and erosion and discoloration of the teeth. Some workers can also develop an allergic skin reaction, called allergic contact dermatitis. The Chromium (VI) discharged from various industries has potential to contaminate drinking water sources and is one of the most important environmental problems due to its health impacts on human. Adsorption is one of the effective techniques for chromium (VI) removal from wastewater. In the present study, adsorbent has been prepared from Syzygium cumini (L.) seed and studies are carried out for chromium (VI) removal. The parameters investigated in this study are contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature, variable initial chromium (VI) concentration and pH using Diphenyl carbazide as color developing reagent and taking the absorbance at 540 nm spectrophotometrically. The adsorption process of chromium (VI) is tested with Linear, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Application of the Langmuir isotherm to the systems yielded maximum adsorption capacity of 13.15 mg/g at a solution pH of 7 having Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L and biosorbent dose 1g/L. The adsorption of chromium (VI) was found to be maximum 71.58 % at low pH values of 2 having Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L and biosorbent dose 1g/L. The contact time of 60 min resulted to the 26.96% adsorption of metal in 50mg/L solution using adsorbent dose of 1g/L and can used for removal

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Uranium is a naturally occurring radioactive element present throughout the environment, atmosphere, food, soil, rocks, and natural waters along with Pb, Cr, As, Zn & Fe as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Uranium is a naturally occurring radioactive element present throughout the environment, atmosphere, food, soil, rocks, and natural waters along with Pb, Cr, As, Zn & Fe. The exposure to the elements may rise in the cases wherever potable water is obtained directly from geogenically affected ground water sources. The uranium impacts are primarily from its chemical activities, instead of long-run tomographical toxic effects, which may lead to urinary organ damage and its non functional. Uranium in 17% ground water samples has been found beyond limit along with other health effecting toxic metals (Pb, Cr, Mn, Fe, As, Zn) in Fatehpur district, Uttar Pradesh bordered by Ganga and Yamuna rivers in the north and south respectively. The affirmative values of uranium on liquid scintillation counter was observed in positive correlation with chromium and lead near the interface of the saturated-unsaturated zone, while zinc, arsenic and iron were very poorly correlated.

2 citations

01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: In this paper, an adsorbent has been prepared from Syzygium cumini (L.) bark and studies are carried out for chromium (VI) removal from industrial wastewaters.
Abstract: Heavy metals such as chromium, mercury, lead, cadmium, etc., in wastewater are hazardous to the environment because of their toxicity and pollution effects on our ecosystem. Among the different heavy metals, chromium (VI) is a common and very toxic pollutant introduced into natural waters from a variety of industrial wastewaters. The Chromium (VI) discharged from various industries has potential to contaminate drinking water sources and is one of the most important environmental problems due to its health impacts on human. Adsorption is one of the effective techniques for chromium (VI) removal from wastewater. In the present study, adsorbent has been prepared from Syzygium cumini (L.) bark and studies are carried out for chromium (VI) removal. The parameters investigated in this study are contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature, variable initial chromium (VI) concentration and pH using Diphenyl carbazide as color developing reagent and taking the absorbance at 540 nm spectrophotometrically. The adsorption process of chromium (VI) is tested with Linear, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Application of the Langmuir isotherm to the systems yielded maximum adsorption capacity of 31.51 mg/g at a solution pH of 7 having Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L and biosorbent dose 1g/L. The adsorption of chromium (VI) was found to be maximum 95.63% at low pH values of 2 having Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L and biosorbent dose 1g/L. The contact time of 60 min resulted to the 55.28% adsorption of metal in 50mg/L solution using adsorbent dose of 1g/L and can used for removal of chromium (VI) from the polluted water as a very low cost biosorbent. The FTIR carried out shows the increase in intensity of adsorption peaks of biosorbent after hexavalent chromium adsorption.

2 citations


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present review explores the nutritional, phytochemical and pharmacological potential as well as diverse food usages of Syzygium cumini, a traditional medicinal plant with various bioactive compounds distributed in all parts of the plant.
Abstract: The present review explores the nutritional, phytochemical and pharmacological potential as well as diverse food usages of Syzygium cumini. S. cumini is a traditional medicinal plant with various bioactive compounds distributed in all parts of the plant. The major bioactive compounds present in the edible part are myricetin, oxalic acid, gallic acid, citronellol, cyanidin diglucoside, hotrienol, phytosterols, flavonoids, carotenoids and polyphenols as well as micronutrients, accounting for numerous health benefits. The potential benefits of these bioactive compounds are to prevent/reduce metabolic abnormalities and various diseases. The health protective effects and functional properties of the plant were proved by different in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies. All parts of the plant have good health benefits like hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antianemic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiallergic, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic and antipyretic properties. The fruit of S. cumini can be consumed raw or processed in the form of jam, jellies, wine, fermented beverages and many other value added food products.

79 citations

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TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the associations between socioeconomic and health-related variables and psychological distress among older adults in India and the contribution of such factors to the inequalities in psychological distress.
Abstract: Older people coming from a lower wealth gradient are more vulnerable to have stressful life events further adding more risk for common mental health disorders and psychological distress situations. The present study explores the associations between socioeconomic and health-related variables and psychological distress among older adults in India and the contribution of such factors to the inequalities in psychological distress. A cross-sectional survey of 9181 older adults conducted as ‘Building a Knowledge Base on Population Ageing in India’ was assessed. Logistic regression and decomposition models were used to analyze the data. Psychological distress was measured from General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The value of Cronbach's alpha was 0.90. It was having a scale of 0 to 12 on the basis of experiencing stressful symptoms and was re-coded as 0 (representing 6+ stressful symptoms) and 1 (representing 5 and fewer symptoms). Older adults from the poorest wealth quintile, having no source of income, not working for the last one year period, suffering from multi-morbidity, disabled, with low activities of daily living and low instrumental activities of daily living and poor cognitive ability were suffering from high psychological distress in India. Further, factors such as religion, caste, education, living arrangements, and self-worth in the family were major contributors to the concentration of psychological distress in older adults from poor households (concentration index: − 0.23). The study suggests that among older people, there is a wide disparity of experiencing psychological distress across different socio-economic groups with significant factors being responsible for inequality in psychological distress. There is a need to build a “win-win” circumstance across sectors, including a broad spectrum of health, social and economic benefits to the vulnerable older population.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined the socio-economic inequalities in vitamin A supplementation (VAS) and iron supplementation (IS) among children aged 6-59 months in India and to estimate the change in the percent contribution of different socioeconomic correlates for such inequality from 2005 to 06 to 2015-16.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Globally, about 25% of children suffer from subclinical vitamin A deficiency (VAD), and approximately 300 million children globally had anemia as per 2011 estimates. Micronutrient deficiencies are generally referred to as "hidden hunger" because these deficiencies developed gradually. The present study determines the socio-economic inequalities in vitamin A supplementation (VAS) and Iron supplementation (IS) among children aged 6-59 months in India and to estimate the change in the percent contribution of different socio-economic correlates for such inequality from 2005 to 06 to 2015-16. METHODS Data from National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2005-06 and 2015-16 was used for the analysis. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression analysis was used to carve out the results. Moreover, Wagstaff decomposition analysis was used to find the factors which contributed to explain socio-economic status-related inequality among children in India. RESULTS It was revealed that the percentage of children who do not receive vitamin A supplementation was reduced from 85.5% to 42.1%, whereas in the case of IS, the percentage reduced from 95.3% to 73.9% from 2005-06 to 2015-16 respectively. The child's age, mother's educational status, birth order, breastfeeding status, place of residence and empowered action group (EAG) status of states were the factors that were significantly associated with vitamin A supplementation and iron supplementation among children in India. Moreover, it was found the children who do not receive vitamin A supplementation and iron supplementation got more concentrated among lower socio-economic strata. A major contribution for explaining the gap for socio-economic status (SES) related inequality was explained by mother's educational status, household wealth status, and empowered action group status of states for both vitamin A supplementation and iron supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in India. CONCLUSION Schemes like the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) would play a significant role in reducing the socio-economic status-related gap for micro-nutrient supplementation among children in India. Proper implementation of ICDS will be enough for reducing the gap between rich and poor children regarding micro-nutrient supplementation.

24 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Uranium concentration/contamination in groundwater is currently a subject of concern all over the world due to related severe health problems to humans, as groundwater is the main drinking water source in rural and urban India and also in several parts of the world as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: Uranium concentration/contamination in groundwater is currently a subject of concern all over the world due to related severe health problems to humans, as groundwater is the main drinking water source in rural and urban India and also in several parts of the world. Uranium concentration in groundwater in shallow aquifers in various states such as Punjab, Rajasthan, Karnataka Telangana, and Madhya Pradesh of India varies from 0 to 1443 ng/ml exceeding the permissible levels by WHO for drinking water (30 ng/ml), at several places. Very high concentrations ranging up to 1400 ng/ml were reported in some areas in other countries such as Canada, the USA, Mongolia, Burundi, Zambia, Nigeria, South Korea, Pakistan, Jordon, Afghanistan, China, and Myanmar. Various natural aspects which influence the uranium concentration in groundwater such as bedrock geology, water chemistry, and redox conditions, and anthropogenic sources such as mining activities (uranium, coal, and phosphate rock), nuclear activities, agricultural practices of using phosphate fertilizers, and prevalence of excessive nitrate in some areas, are described with examples. Some of the important analytical techniques for the precise and accurate determination of elemental and isotopic concentrations of uranium in water samples, such as LED fluorimetry, Raman spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), high-resolution ICP-MS (HR-ICP-MS), and multi-collector ICP-MS (MC-ICP-MS), are described. A number of advancements have taken place in remediation technologies for the removal of uranium in drinking water using different physical, chemical, and biological methods including rainwater harvesting. Various mitigation strategies for the effective removal of uranium from water during treatment, such as bioremediation using biochars from different sources, nanoparticle technology, and adsorption by magnesium (Mg)-iron (Fe)-based hydrotalcite-like compounds (MF-HT), are described in detail.

20 citations