Susan M. B. Morton

TL;DR: It is argued that response rate alone may not be sufficient evidence to judge study quality and/or validity, and that in addition to reporting the response rates, requiring authors to disclose any known details about their non-participants, attempts to improve participation, and the denominators used to calculate response rates should assist editors and reviewers to assess the validity and utility of study findings more accurately.

TL;DR: The authors conclude that more than one analytical approach should be adopted to gain more insight into the underlying mechanisms of disease outcomes, and consider a range of modeling approaches.

TL;DR: By global region, average 25(OH)D concentration varies threefold in pregnant women and newborns, and prevalence of 25( OH)D’s<50 and <25 nmol L(-1) varies eightfold innant women and three fold in newborns.

TL;DR: Evidence that rates of depression tend to be higher during pregnancy than in the first year following childbirth is provided and there is evidence that postnatal depression is often a continuation of existing antenatal depression.

TL;DR: Findings from the studies suggest that, for some adult health outcomes, explanations will be incomplete unless exposures and processes from across the life course are taken into account.