Suzanne S. Hurd

TL;DR: It is recommended that spirometry is required for the clinical diagnosis of COPD to avoid misdiagnosis and to ensure proper evaluation of severity of airflow limitation.

TL;DR: It is reasonable to expect that in most patients with asthma, control of the disease can and should be achieved and maintained, and the Global Initiative for Asthma recommends a change in approach to asthma management, with asthma control, rather than asthma severity, being the focus of treatment decisions.

TL;DR: The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) programme was initiated in January 1997 to increase awareness of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to decrease morbidity and mortality from this chronic lung disorder.

TL;DR: The changes include a revised asthma definition, tools for assessing symptom control and risk factors for adverse outcomes, and updated strategies for adaptation and implementation of GINA recommendations.