Review on thermal properties of nanofluids: Recent developments.

Rheological and filtration characteristics of drilling fluids are considered as two critical aspects to ensure the success of a drilling operation. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs), including microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in enhancing the rheological and filtration performances of bentonite (BT) water-based drilling fluids (WDFs). CNCs were isolated from MFC through sulfuric acid hydrolysis. In comparison with MFC, the resultant CNCs had much smaller dimensions, more negative surface charge, higher stability in aqueous solutions, lower viscosity, and less evident shear thinning behavior. These differences resulted in the distinctive microstructures between MFC/BT- and CNC/BT-WDFs. A typical “core–shell” structure was created in CNC/BT-WDFs due to the strong surface interactions among BT layers, CNCs, and immobilized water molecules. However, a similar structure was not formed in MFC/BT-WDFs. As a result, CNC/BT-WDFs had sup...

Cellulose nanoparticles as modifiers for rheology and fluid loss in bentonite water-based fluids.

A review of thermal conductivity of various nanofluids

Application of nanotechnology by means of nanoparticles and nanodispersions in oil recovery - A comprehensive review

A colloidal mixture of nanometre-sized (<100 nm) metallic and non-metallic particles in conventional fluid is called nanofluid. Nanofluids are considered to be potential heat transfer fluids because of their superior thermal and tribological properties. In recent period, nanofluids have been the focus of attention of the researchers. This paper presents a summary of a number of important research works that have been published on rheological behaviour of nanofluids. This review article not only discusses the influence of particle shape and shear rate range on rheological behaviour of nanofluids but also studies other factors affecting the rheological behaviour. These other factors include nanoparticle type, volumetric concentration in different base fluids, addition of surfactant and externally applied magnetic field. From the literature review, it has been found that particle shape, its concentration, shear rate range, surfactant and magnetic field significantly affect the rheological behaviour of any nanofluid. It has been observed that nanofluids containing spherical nanoparticles are more likely to exhibit Newtonian behaviour and those containing nanotubes show non-Newtonian flow behaviour. Furthermore, nanofluids show Newtonian behaviour at low shear rate values while behave as non-Newtonian fluid at high shear rate values. Authors have also identified the inadequacies in the research works so far which require further investigations.

Rheological behaviour of nanofluids: A review

Effect of CuO and ZnO nanofluids in xanthan gum on thermal, electrical and high pressure rheology of water-based drilling fluids

Formation and characterization of thermal and electrical properties of CuO and ZnO nanofluids in xanthan gum

Effect of Nanofluids of CuO and ZnO in Polyethylene Glycol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone on the Thermal, Electrical, and Filtration-Loss Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Oil and Gas industry is going through a phase where there is an increased demand of energy sources (particularly oil and gas) and reduced production due to mature oilfields There is a need for new technologies which can help improve production from the reservoir and develop new fields Nanotechnology offers promising solution for the same Nanotechnology is the study of science of materials at nanoscale which help in enhancing the performance of processes Nanoparticles are the nanosized materials in the range of 1-100 nm Nanoparticles have high specific surface area and unique properties, such as high adsorption potential and heat conductivity These particles when mixed with base fluids, also called as nanofluids, and used for several application related to upstream oil and gas industry, help improve the performance of several processes The use of nanoparticle in exploration and production is an attractive tool for petroleum engineers that have been improved by many researchers in recent years This paper discusses about how the nanotechnology plays an important role in an upstream oil and gas industry which includes exploration, drilling, and completion, production and enhanced oil recovery operation

Applications of Nanotechnology for Upstream Oil and Gas Industry

\n Drilling technology in petroleum engineering is associated with problems such as high fluid loss, poor hole cleaning, and pipe sticking. Improvement of rheological and filtration properties of water-based drilling fluids (WDFs) plays a major role in resolving these drilling problems. The application of nanotechnology to WDF in the recent past has attracted much attention in addressing these drilling operations problems. In the present work, we investigate the application of natural aloe vera and CuO nanofluids combined as an additive in WDF to address the drilling problems. The nanofluids of three different concentrations of CuO nanoparticle (0.2, 0.4 , and 0.6 wt%) with aloe vera as a base fluid are prepared for this study by adopting a two-step method. The prepared nanofluids are characterized by their particle size and morphological characteristics. Conventional WDF (DF.0) is synthesized, and the prepared aloe-vera-based CuO nanofluid is added to the WDF to prepare nanofluid-enhancedwater-based drilling fluid (NFWDF) of different concentrations of nanoparticles, namely, 0.2 , 0.4, and 0.6 wt%. The prepared drilling fluid mixture is then characterized for its rheological and filtrate loss properties at various temperatures. Thermal stability and aging studies are performed for both WDF and NFWDF. The experimental results are then modeled using rheological models. The results reveal that aloe-vera-based CuO nanofluids improve the thermal stability and rheological properties of drilling fluid and significantly decrease the American Petroleum Institute (API) filtrate. Viscosity for WDF shows an approximately 61.7% decrease in heating up to 90°C. Further, the hot roll aging test causes a 63% decrease in the viscosity of WDF at 90°C. However, the addition of aloe-vera-based CuO nanofluids is found to aid in recovering the viscosities to a great extent. The fluid loss values before hot rolling are observed to be 6.6 mL after 30 minutes, whereas fluid loss values for the NFWDFs are found to be 5.9, 5.4, and 4.6 mL, respectively. The fluid loss value after hot rolling for the WDF is found to be 10.8 mL after 30 minutes, whereas fluid loss values for the NFWDFs are found to be 9.2, 8.5, and 7.7 mL, respectively. The rheological performance data of NFWDF project a better fit with the Herschel-Bulkley model and suggest improvement in rheological and filtration properties. There has been limited research work available in understanding the impact of aloe-vera-gel-based nanofluids in improving the performance of WDFs through the improvement of its rheological and filtration properties. This study aims to exploit the property of native aloe vera and CuO nanofluids combined together to enhance the rheological and filtration properties of WDF by conducting the tests both before and after hot rolling conditions. This study acts as an important precursor for developing novel additives for WDF to improve its rheological and filtration properties. This study is also expected to benefit the industry and solve the major challenges in deep-well drilling operations and high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) drilling operations.

Experimental Investigation of Aloe-Vera-Based CuO Nanofluid as a Novel Additive in Improving the Rheological and Filtration Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluid

Swaminathan Ponmani

Papers

Effect of CuO and ZnO nanofluids in xanthan gum on thermal, electrical and high pressure rheology of water-based drilling fluids

Formation and characterization of thermal and electrical properties of CuO and ZnO nanofluids in xanthan gum

Effect of Nanofluids of CuO and ZnO in Polyethylene Glycol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone on the Thermal, Electrical, and Filtration-Loss Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Applications of Nanotechnology for Upstream Oil and Gas Industry

Experimental Investigation of Aloe-Vera-Based CuO Nanofluid as a Novel Additive in Improving the Rheological and Filtration Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluid