A reviewer for the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society of England comments \"This is the first book covering in one volume all important topics in genetical statistics.\" Written to provide basic probability ideas in terms of genetic situations, since the theory of genetics is a probability theory; to give a definitive treatment of applications of these ideas to genetic theory; and to describe statistical methods appropriate to the data models that are developed.

An Introduction to Genetic Statistics

IT may occasion some surprise to those men of science who are ill-acquainted with India, and who so frequently express the view that Governments are unappreciative of the importance of science to learn that as far back as 1886 the Government of India arranged for Dr. George (later Sir George) Watt, professor of botany in the Presidency College, Calcutta, to prepare a "Dictionary of the Economic Products of India". The six volumes of this standard work were published during the years 1889-99. In 1908 Sir George Watt published a condensed version, "The Commercial Products of India". Whatever the defects of these 'dictionaries', they have been of inestimable value to all interested in Indian natural products. The Wealth of India A Dictionary of Indian Raw Materials and Industrial Products. Raw Materials, Vol. 1. Pp. xxvii+254+39 plates. 15 rupees ; 24s. Industrial Products, Part 1. Pp. xii+182+8 plates. 8 rupees ; 12s. (New Delhi : Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, 1948.)

The Wealth of India

An Introduction to Genetic Statistics.

U Hrvatskoj nikada nije bilo oplemenjivackih programa za povrce, vec su sorte kreirane entuzijazmom autora kao "sporedni" proizvod znanstveno-istraživackog rada na povrcu. Na Sortnoj listi poljoprivrednog bilja RH, zakljucno s 2010. godinom, ima 17 sorti povrca koje su kreirane i upisane u listu od 1964. godine.

The vegetable crops

SummaryRapeseed plants have been regenerated after fusion between protoplasts bearing cytoplasms of different genera. Cybrids combine, in a first experiment Brassica napus chloroplasts and a cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) trait coming from Raphanus sativus, in a second experiment chloroplasts of a triazine resistant Brassica campestris and cms trait from Raphanus sativus. Transfer of chloroplasts has been confirmed by restriction cp DNA analysis and two dimensional thylakoïd protein electrophoresis. These plants may be very useful for Brassica hybrid seed production.

Intergeneric cytoplasmic hybridization in cruciferae by protoplast fusion

Somatic chromosome number and detailed karyotype analysis were carried out in six Indian Momordica species viz. M. balsamina, M. charantia, M. cochinchinensis, M. dioica, M. sahyadrica and M. cymbalaria (syn. Luffa cymbalaria; a taxon of controversial taxonomic identity). The somatic chromosome number 2n = 22 was reconfirmed in monoecious species (M. balsamina and M. charantia). Out of four dioecious species, the chromosome number was reconfirmed in M. cochinchinensis (2n = 28), M. dioica (2n = 28) and M. subangulata subsp. renigera (2n = 56), while in M. sahyadrica (2n = 28) somatic chromosome number was reported for the first time. A new chromosome number of 2n = 18 was reported in M. cymbalaria against its previous reports of 2n = 16, 22. The karyotype analysis of all the species revealed significant numerical and structural variations of chromosomes. It was possible to distinguish chromosomes of M. cymbalaria from other Momordica species and also between monoecious and dioecious taxa of the genus. Morphology and crossability among the dioecious species was also studied. Evidence from morphology, crossability, pollen viability and chromosome synapsis suggests a segmental allopolyploid origin for M. subangulata subsp. renigera. The taxonomic status of the controversial taxon M. cymbalaria was also discussed using morphological, karyological and crossability data.

Cytotaxonomical analysis of Momordica L. (Cucurbitaceae) species of Indian occurrence.

DBGy-201 and DBGy-202: Two gynoecious lines in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) isolated from indigenous source

SummaryBitter gourd or balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.) belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae and is a popular vegetable in India, having considerable nutritional, economic and medicinal importance. Only one recent report is available on the genetic diversity of bitter gourd based on molecular markers (RAPDs). In the present study, experiments with inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers revealed high polymorphism among 38 genotypes, including some commercial cultivars collected from different agro-ecological zones of India. These genotypes were analysed using 15 ISSR primers (University of British Columbia, Canada) which produced a total of 125 markers, of which 94 (74.8%) were polymorphic. The number of polymorphic markers ranged from 0 (UBC 841) to 12 (UBC 890) with a mean of 6.27 markers per primer. Pair-wise genetic distances (GD) of the 38 bitter gourd accessions, based on the 125 markers, ranged from 0.093 (‘Pusa Do Mausami’- green vs. ‘DBTG 7’) to 0.516 (‘Pusa Do Mausami’- white vs. ‘DBTG 10...

Assessing genetic relationships among bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) accessions using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is a nutritious vegetable crop of Asian origin. Fifty indigenous and exotic bitter gourd genotypes were characterized using 12 quantitatively inherited traits and genotypic variation was analysed using RAPD and ISSR markers. Based on the morphological traits, the first female flower appeared at lowest node (9 th node) in gynoecious genotypes DBGy201 and DBGy202. Sel-2 possessed the highest yield per hectare (10,866 kg). Seventeen RAPD markers produced 84 amplicons in 50 accessions, of which 33 (41.34 %) were found polymorphic. Joint comparisons among the 50 accessions using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient indicated that genetic distances (GD) ranged from 0.03 to 0.28. Eleven ISSR primers provided a total of 58 amplicons of which 41 (70.0 %) were polymorphic in 50 accessions. The Jaccard’s similarity coefficient matrix values ranged from 0.50 to 0.95 based on molecular analysis. The polymorphic information content (PIC), resolving power (RP) and marker index (MI) were 0.17, 1.14 and 0.82, respectively for RAPD markers, whereas ISSR markers showed comparatively high polymorphic information content (0.40), resolving power (1.87), and marker index (2.11). The combined data analysis of RAPD and ISSR markers indicated that the relative polymorphism among accessions was 52.6 % with 2.64 polymorphic amplicons per primer. The value of average polymorphic information content, resolving power and marker index were 0.26, 1.42, and 1.33, respectively. These data demonstrate a large genetic variability among the Asian bitter gourd genotypes examined, which indicates that they should be considered as a valuable gene pool for bitter gourd breeding programs.

/pdf/morphological-and-molecular-analyses-define-the-genetic-2nva1kge8o.pdf

Morphological and molecular analyses define the genetic diversity of Asian bitter gourd ('Momordica charantia' L.)

Overview of the current status of GMS and CMS systems available in Brassica vegetables, their molecular mechanism, wild sources of sterile cytoplasm and exploitation of male sterility in hybrid breeding. The predominantly herbaceous family Brassicaceae (crucifers or mustard family) encompasses over 3700 species, and many of them are scientifically and economically important. The genus Brassica is an economically important genus within the tribe Brassicaceae that comprises important vegetable, oilseed and fodder crops. Brassica vegetables display strong hybrid vigor, and heterosis breeding is the integral part in their improvement. Commercial production of F1 hybrid seeds in Brassica vegetables requires an effective male sterility system. Among the available male sterility systems, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is the most widely exploited in Brassica vegetables. This system is maternally inherited and studied intensively. A limited number of reports about the genic male sterility (GMS) are available in Brassica vegetables. The GMS system is reported to be dominant, recessive and trirecessive in nature in different species. In this review, we discuss the available male sterility systems in Brassica vegetables and their potential use in hybrid breeding. The molecular mechanism of mt-CMS and causal mitochondrial genes of CMS has been discussed in detail. Finally, the exploitation of male sterility system in heterosis breeding of Brassica vegetables, future prospects and need for further understanding of these systems are highlighted.

T.K. Behera

Papers

Cytotaxonomical analysis of Momordica L. (Cucurbitaceae) species of Indian occurrence.

DBGy-201 and DBGy-202: Two gynoecious lines in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) isolated from indigenous source

Assessing genetic relationships among bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) accessions using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

Morphological and molecular analyses define the genetic diversity of Asian bitter gourd ('Momordica charantia' L.)

Current understanding of male sterility systems in vegetable Brassicas and their exploitation in hybrid breeding