2D nanomaterials as lubricant additive: A review

Mechanical and tribological behaviors of copper metal matrix composites for brake pads used in high-speed trains

Pure aluminum Nano composite reinforced with Nano titanium dioxide was produced by powder metallurgy route. Measurements of tensile strength, hardness, and density showed that the porosity and the tensile strength of composites increased with an increase in volume fraction of nanoparticles; however ductility of aluminum was decreased. Wear test revealed that composites offer superior wear resistance compared to alloy.

Properties of aluminum matrix Nano composites prepared by powder metallurgy processing

We present research progress made in developing copper/carbon nanotube composites (Cu/CNT) to fulfil a growing demand for lighter copper substitutes with superior electrical, thermal and mechanical performances. Lighter alternatives to heavy copper electrical and data wiring are needed in automobiles and aircrafts to enhance fuel efficiencies. In electronics, better interconnects and thermal management components than copper with higher current- and heat-stabilities are required to enable device miniaturization with increased functionality. Our literature survey encouragingly indicates that Cu/CNT performances (electrical, thermal and mechanical) reported so far rival that of Cu, proving the material's viability as a Cu alternative. We identify two grand challenges to be solved for Cu/CNT to replace copper in real-life applications. The first grand challenge is to fabricate Cu/CNT with overall performances exceeding that of copper. To address this challenge, we propose research directions to fabricate Cu/CNT closer to ideal composites theoretically predicted to surpass Cu performances (i.e. those containing uniformly distributed Cu and individually aligned CNTs with beneficial CNT-Cu interactions). The second grand challenge is to industrialize and transfer Cu/CNT from lab bench to real-life use. Toward this, we identify and propose strategies to address market-dependent issues for niche/mainstream applications. The current best Cu/CNT performances already qualify for application in niche electronic device markets as high-end interconnects. However, mainstream Cu/CNT application as copper replacements in conventional electronics and in electrical/data wires are long-term goals, needing inexpensive mass-production by methods aligned with existing industrial practices. Mainstream electronics require cheap CNT template-making and electrodeposition procedures, while data/electrical cables require manufacture protocols based on co-electrodeposition or melt-processing. We note (with examples) that initiatives devoted to Cu/CNT manufacturing for both types of mainstream applications are underway. With sustained research on Cu/CNT and accelerating its real-life application, we expect the successful evolution of highly functional, efficient, and sustainable next-generation electrical and electronics systems.

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.180814

Copper/carbon nanotube composites: research trends and outlook

Progress in research on hybrid metal matrix composites

Tribological and mechanical behavior of multilayer Cu/SiC + Gr hybrid composites for brake friction material applications

Effect of SiC volume fraction and size on dry sliding wear of Fe/SiC/graphite hybrid composites for high sliding speed applications

Effect of reinforcement type, size, and volume fraction on the tribological behavior of Fe matrix composites at high sliding speed conditions

An Overview of Processing and Properties of CU/CNT Nano Composites

The present work investigates comprehensively the tribological behaviour of WC-Cr3C2-Ni coatings prepared by atmospheric plasma spray (APS) and high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spray methods. The dry sliding wear at room and elevated temperature (up to 800 °C), wet (oil-based fracturing fluid) sliding wear at room temperature were studied against an alumina ball using the ball-on-disc tribometer according to the ASTM G99 standard. The erosion wear was studied using air-jet erosion tester (ASTM G76) at the impact angles 30° and 90° and temperatures 500 °C and 650 °C. The HVOF coating showed higher hardness, dense morphological structure and a lower degree of decarburisation as compared to APS coating. The HVOF coating offers better wear resistance over the APS coating under both dry and wet sliding conditions. Significant improvement in the wear resistance, especially above 500 °C is attributed to the uniform formation of lubricious WO3. The solid particle erosion resistance of both coatings is observed to be the same up to 650 °C under 30° and 90° impact angles.

T. Ram Prabhu

Papers

Tribological and mechanical behavior of multilayer Cu/SiC + Gr hybrid composites for brake friction material applications

Effect of SiC volume fraction and size on dry sliding wear of Fe/SiC/graphite hybrid composites for high sliding speed applications

Effect of reinforcement type, size, and volume fraction on the tribological behavior of Fe matrix composites at high sliding speed conditions

An Overview of Processing and Properties of CU/CNT Nano Composites

Sliding and erosion wear behaviour of thermal sprayed WC-Cr3C2-Ni coatings