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Design Of Analog Cmos Integrated Circuits

IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference

A review on five key sensors for monitoring of concrete structures

Industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs) are used to acquire sensor data that need real-time processing, therefore they require predictable behavior and real-time guarantees. To be cost effective, IWSNs are also expected to be low cost and low power. In this context, Bluetooth low energy (BLE) is a promising technology, as it allows implementing low-cost industrial networks. As BLE is a short-range technology, a multihop mesh network is needed to cover a large area. Nevertheless, the recently published Bluetooth mesh networking specifications do not provide support for real-time communications over multihop mesh networks. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes the multihop real-time BLE (MRT-BLE) protocol, a real-time protocol developed on top of BLE, that allows for bounded packet delays over mesh networks. MRT-BLE also provides priority support. This paper describes in detail the MRT-BLE protocol and how to implement it on commercial-off-the-shelf devices. Two kinds of performance evaluation for the MRT-BLE protocol are provided. The first one is a worst case end-to-end delay analysis, while the second one is based on the experimental results obtained through measurements on a real testbed.

Multi-Hop Real-Time Communications Over Bluetooth Low Energy Industrial Wireless Mesh Networks

This paper presents the design of a wireless sensor network particularly designed for remote monitoring and control of industrial parameters. The article describes the network components, protocol and sensor deployment, aimed to accomplish industrial constraint and to assure reliability and low power consumption. A particular case of study is presented. The system consists of a base station, gas sensing nodes, a tree-based routing scheme for the wireless sensor nodes and a real-time monitoring application that operates from a remote computer and a mobile phone. The system assures that the industrial safety quality and the measurement and monitoring system achieves an efficient industrial monitoring operations. The robustness of the developed system and the security in the communications have been guaranteed both in hardware and software level. The system is flexible and can be adapted to different environments. The testing of the system confirms the feasibility of the proposed implementation and validates the functional requirements of the developed devices, the networking solution and the power consumption management.

An Efficient Wireless Sensor Network for Industrial Monitoring and Control.

This paper presents a wireless fault detection system for industrial motors that combines vibration, motor current and temperature analysis, thus improving the detection of mechanical faults. The design also considers the time of detection and further possible actions, which are also important for the early detection of possible malfunctions, and thus for avoiding irreversible damage to the motor. The remote motor condition monitoring is implemented through a wireless sensor network (WSN) based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The deployed network uses the beacon-enabled mode to synchronize several sensor nodes with the coordinator node, and the guaranteed time slot mechanism provides data monitoring with a predetermined latency. A graphic user interface offers remote access to motor conditions and real-time monitoring of several parameters. The developed wireless sensor node exhibits very low power consumption since it has been optimized both in terms of hardware and software. The result is a low cost, highly reliable and compact design, achieving a high degree of autonomy of more than two years with just one 3.3 V/2600 mAh battery. Laboratory and field tests confirm the feasibility of the wireless system.

A Wireless Sensor System for Real-Time Monitoring and Fault Detection of Motor Arrays

This paper presents the design of a wireless flood sensor to detect the presence of water on home floors, providing early warning of water leaks. A wireless sensor network has been deployed to gather the measurements from the sensor nodes. A control central coordinates the network and processes the data. Users can remotely inquire for the presence of water, status of the batteries for a specific node, the type of liquid and information about its functionality and alarms, thanks to a proprietary software application. The alerts are also communicated to the user within the home through an audible siren. The designed device is optimized in terms of costs, ease of deployment and maintenance, thus making it widely acceptable to end users.

Low-Power Low-Cost Wireless Flood Sensor for Smart Home Systems.

This work presents the design, construction and testing of a new embedded sensor system for monitoring concrete curing. A specific mote has been implemented to withstand the aggressive environment without affecting the measured variables. The system also includes a real-time monitoring application operating from a remote computer placed in a central location. The testing was done in two phases: the first in the laboratory, to validate the functional requirements of the developed devices; and the second on civil works to evaluate the functional features of the devices, such as range, robustness and flexibility. The devices were successfully implemented resulting in a low cost, highly reliable, compact and non-destructive solution.

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/876/pdf

Compact Embedded Wireless Sensor-Based Monitoring of Concrete Curing.

A novel CMOS linear programmable transconductor is presented. It is based on a telescopic cascode operational transconductance amplifier with source degeneration implemented by means of highly linear tunable active resistors. The transconductor has been designed in a 0.5 mum CMOS technology featuring a third-order intermodulation (IM3) of -54.8 dB at 10 MHz for a 1 V pp output voltage. Its feasibility for Gm-C filter design has been experimentally validated with a 1 MHz tunable third-order Chebyshev lowpass filter suitable for Bluetooth applications.

CMOS linear programmable transconductor suitable for adjustable Gm-C filters

A third-order Gm-C Chebyshev low-pass filter based on a novel gain-boosted tunable transconductor is presented. The transconductor employs local negative feedback for linearization controlling the drain voltage of the input transistors biased in the triode region. The gain boosted feedback amplifier is based on quasi-floating gate MOS transistors and its adjustable biasing current allows tuning the cutoff frequency of the filter. The filter is intended to be used in the baseband section of a zero-IF bluetooth low energy receiver and it has been fabricated in a standard 0.13-μm CMOS technology with a nominal cutoff frequency of 500 kHz. The power consumption of the overall filter is 450 μW with a supply voltage of 1.2 V. The measurement results show a third-order intermodulation distortion of -46.4 dB for two input tones located at the passband of the filter. The filter occupies a silicon area of 0.08 mm2.

T. Sanchez-Rodriguez

Papers

A Wireless Sensor System for Real-Time Monitoring and Fault Detection of Motor Arrays

Low-Power Low-Cost Wireless Flood Sensor for Smart Home Systems.

Compact Embedded Wireless Sensor-Based Monitoring of Concrete Curing.

CMOS linear programmable transconductor suitable for adjustable Gm-C filters

A 1.2-V 450-μW $G_{m}$ - $C$ Bluetooth Channel Filter Using a Novel Gain-Boosted Tunable Transconductor