https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(12)60353-5.pdf

Failure rates of stemmed metal-on-metal hip replacements: analysis of data from the National Joint Registry of England and Wales

The etiology of osteonecrosis of the hip may have a genetic basis. The interaction between certain risk factors and a genetic predisposition may determine whether this disease will develop in a particular individual.The rationale for use of joint-sparing procedures in the treatment of this disease i

Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: ten years later.

Dislocation remains the leading early complication of total hip arthroplasty; surgical approach and implant positioning have been recognized as factors influencing total hip arthroplasty stability. We describe a total hip arthroplasty technique done through a single, tissue sparing anterior approach that allows implantation of the femoral and acetabular components without detaching or sectioning any of the muscles and tendons around the hip joint. A series of 437 consecutive, unselected patients who had 494 primary total hip arthroplasty surgeries done through an anterior approach on an orthopaedic table from September 1996 to September 2004 was reviewed. There were 54 hybrid and 442 uncemented hips in the 437 patients (57 bilateral). The average patient age was 64 years. Radiographic analysis showed an average abduction angle of 42°, with 96% in the range of 35° to 50° abduction. The average cup anteversion was 19° with 93% within the target range of 10° to 25°. Postoperative leg length discrepancy averaged 3 ± 2 mm (range, 0-26 mm). Three patients sustained dislocations for an overall dislocation rate of 0.61%, and no patients required revision surgery for recurrent dislocation. There were 17 operative complications, including one deep infection, three wound infections, one transient femoral nerve palsy, three greater trochanter fracture, two femoral shaft fractures four calcar fractures, and three ankle fractures. Operative time averaged 75 minutes (range 40-150 minutes), and the average blood loss was 350 mL (range, 100-1300 mL). The mean hospital stay was 3 days (range, 1-17 days). The anterior approach on the orthopaedic table is a minimally invasive technique applicable to all primary hip patients. This technique allows accurate and reproducible component positioning and leg-length restoration and does not increase the rate of hip dislocation.

Single-incision anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty on an orthopaedic table : The treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip 1920

通过复习异位骨化的相关文献,详细介绍了异位骨化的发病机制、分类、发生率、分型、发病因素、临床表现、诊断、预防及治疗方法.异位骨化是指在正常情况下没有骨组织的软组织内形成的新生骨,在组织学上,成熟的异位骨化与骨痂一致.其形成一般需三个条件:①成骨诱导物;②成骨的前体细胞;③允许成骨的组织环境.早期表现包括关节周围疼痛、发热、红肿,逐渐出现关节活动受限.三相核素骨扫描是早期检测异位骨化的最敏感指标,并可以判断病变的活动性和成熟度.非甾体类消炎药(NSAIDs)是目前公认的预防人工髋关节置换和髋臼骨折术后异位骨化形成的最有效的药物.手术切除是异位骨化形成后导致严重关节功能障碍患者的唯一治疗手段。

Heterotopic ossification

➤ Although multiple theories have been proposed, no one pathophysiologic mechanism has been identified as the etiology for the development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, the basic mechanism involves impaired circulation to a specific area that ultimately becomes necrotic.➤ A variety of nonoperative treatment regimens have been evaluated for the treatment of precollapse disease, with varying success. Prospective, multicenter, randomized trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of these regimens in altering the natural history of the disease.➤ Joint-preserving procedures are indicated in the treatment of precollapse disease, with several studies showing successful outcomes at mid-term and long-term follow-up.➤ Studies of total joint arthroplasty, once femoral head collapse is present, have described excellent outcomes at greater than ten years of follow-up, which is a major advance and has led to a paradigm shift in treating these patients.➤ The results of hemiresurfacing and total resurfacing arthroplasty have been suboptimal, and these procedures have restricted indications in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Where Do We Stand Today?: A 5-Year Update

Background: The purpose of the present study was to report the perioperative complications that occurred among our initial 50 consecutive cases of HINTEGRA total ankle replacement. Materials and Me...

Perioperative complications of HINTEGRA total ankle replacement: our initial 50 cases.

BackgroundArthroscopic microfracture is frequently used to repair osteochondral lesions of the talus. However, despite the popularity of this technique, no study has been conducted on cartilage repair after microfracture by second-look arthroscopy.PurposeThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate cartilage repair in osteochondral lesions of the talus by second-look arthroscopy and to compare arthroscopic findings with clinical outcomes 12 months postoperatively.Study DesignCase series; Level of evidence, 4.MethodsSecond-look arthroscopies were performed in 20 ankles of 19 patients at 12 months postoperatively. Arthroscopic findings were classified using the Ferkel and Cheng staging system, and cartilage repair was assessed using the International Cartilage Repair System (ICRS). Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale.ResultsAccording to the Ferkel and Cheng staging at second-look arthroscopy, 7 of the 20 ankles (35%) showed ...

Second-Look Arthroscopic Findings and Clinical Outcomes After Microfracture for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is probably one of the most successful surgical interventions performed in medicine. Through the revolution of hip arthroplasty by principles of low friction arthroplasty was introduced by Sir John Charnley in 1960s. Thereafter, new bearing materials, fixation methods, and new designs has been improved. The main concern regarding failure of THA has been the biological response to particulate polyethylene debris generated by conventional metal on polyethylene bearing surfaces leading to osteolysis and aseptic loosening of the prosthesis. To resolve these problems, the materials of the modern THA were developed since then. A literature search strategy was conducted using various search terms in PUBMED. The highest quality articles that met the inclusion criteria and best answered the topics of focus of this review were selected. Key search terms included ‘total hip arthroplasty’, ‘biomaterials’, ‘stainless steel’, ‘cobalt-chromium’, ‘titanium’, ‘polyethylene’, and ‘ceramic’. The initial search retrieved 6921 articles. Thirty-two articles were selected and used in the review. This article introduces biomaterials used in THA and discusses various bearing materials in currentclinical use in THA as well as the newer biomaterials which may even further decrease wear and improve THA survivorship.

/pdf/recent-updates-for-biomaterials-used-in-total-hip-5a22545pwr.pdf

Recent updates for biomaterials used in total hip arthroplasty

Infection after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a devastating complication, and two-stage reimplantation has evolved as an effective treatment option. This study was undertaken to compare the clinical results and radiological changes associated with static or mobile cement spacer placement for the treatment of infected TKA. Between July 2000 and February 2007, 36 consecutive patients were treated by two-stage reimplantation using antibiotic-impregnated cement spacers (AICS) for infected TKAs. Static spacers were used in 20 knees and mobile spacers in 16 knees. Clinical outcomes included success rates of TKR revisions, ranges of motion (ROM), and Hospital for Special Surgery knee scores (HSS), pain and function scores of the Knee Society (KS), joint exposure methods, and bone loss. In this study, mobile spacers provided better ranges of motion and functional knee scores without concomitant increases in infection rate and bone loss in the initial and mid-term periods.

/pdf/comparison-of-static-and-mobile-antibiotic-impregnated-2brp4vyxis.pdf

Comparison of static and mobile antibiotic-impregnated cement spacers for the treatment of infected total knee arthroplasty

Background: Heterotopic ossification following lower-limb joint arthroplasty is a challenging clinical problem. No comprehensive study has been conducted on heterotopic ossification after total ankle arthroplasty, to our knowledge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and location of heterotopic ossification after primary total ankle arthroplasty, predisposing factors, and effects on clinical outcomes, and to develop a method of classification.

Methods: Eighty ankles in eighty patients with a primary total ankle arthroplasty were followed for a mean (and standard deviation) of 31.9 ± 11.3 months (range, twenty-four to sixty-five months). The prevalence and location of heterotopic ossification, predisposing factors, and outcomes were analyzed, and a method of classification was developed.

Results: Twenty (25%) of the eighty ankles demonstrated postoperative heterotopic ossification, with the majority of the cases in the posterior aspect of the ankle. The heterotopic ossification was Class I in four cases (20%); Class II, in five (25%); Class III, in four (20%); and Class IV, in seven (35%). Symptomatic heterotopic ossification was reported in eight patients (10%), and two required surgical resection because of intractable pain. Ankles that developed heterotopic ossification had significantly longer operative times, less postoperative motion, and lower American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scores at the six, twelve, and twenty-four-month follow-up examinations (p < 0.05 for all).

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the prevalence of heterotopic ossification following primary total ankle arthroplasty is considerable, and that heterotopic ossification is associated with reduced ankle motion and a poor clinical outcome at a mean of two years postoperatively. Care is needed to attempt to reduce the occurrence of heterotopic ossification.

Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Taek-Rim Yoon

Papers

Perioperative complications of HINTEGRA total ankle replacement: our initial 50 cases.

Second-Look Arthroscopic Findings and Clinical Outcomes After Microfracture for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Recent updates for biomaterials used in total hip arthroplasty

Comparison of static and mobile antibiotic-impregnated cement spacers for the treatment of infected total knee arthroplasty

Heterotopic ossification after primary total ankle arthroplasty.