Recent work, using electrical distance metrics and concepts from graph theory, has revealed important results about the electrical connectivity of empiric power systems. Such structural features are not widely understood or portrayed. Power systems are often depicted using unenlightening single-line diagrams, and the results of loadflow calculations are often presented without insightful elucidation, lacking the necessary context for usable intuitions to be formed. For system operators, educators, and researchers alike, a more intuitive and accessible understanding of a power system's inner electrical structure is called for. Data visualization techniques offer several paths toward realizing such an ideal. This paper proposes various ways, in which electrical distance might be defined for empiric power systems, and records how well each candidate distance measure may be embedded in two dimensions. The resulting 2-D projections form the basis for new visualizations of empiric power systems and offer novel and useful insights into their electrical connectivity and structure.

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Visualizing the Electrical Structure of Power Systems

Optimal reactive power compensation in electrical distribution systems with distributed resources. Review.

Review on optimization methodologies in transmission network reconfiguration of power systems for grid resilience

Inherent structural characteristic indices of power system networks

Voltage stability is a major concern in power transmission systems due to mismatch between power generation and demand.  Hence maintenance of voltage profile within the acceptable limit   becomes   a challenging task.  In this paper the weakest buses for implementing the reactive power compensators are identified by eigenvalue decomposition technique on partitioned Y-admittance matrix. The size and cost of the SVC are optimized using dragonfly algorithm. The algorithm is implemented on IEEE 14 and 30 bus systems and the results obtained with and without the placement of Static VAR Compensators are compared with the results of other algorithms to show its effectiveness. The further scope of this work is to extend this to renewable energy by implementing the wind generators at the weakest buses there by reducing the electrical distance between the generators and the farthest load buses and securing the system from voltage collapse.

https://www.ijrer.com/index.php/ijrer/article/download/6933/pdf

Optimization of Size and Cost of Static VAR Compensator using Dragonfly Algorithm for Voltage Profile Improvement in Power Transmission Systems

This paper seeks to identify and classify power system networks based on their inherent definitive structural property. The participation between the load buses is observable from the eigenvectors obtained from a Schur complement of the Y-admittance matrix. This is used to classify power system networks as either topologically strong or weak. Results show that in a topologically weak network, load voltages are below the nominal voltage limit. Conversely, in a topologically strong network they are above the nominal limit.

Classification of networks based on inherent structural characteristics

A new approach for the identification of the best node for the injection of bulk power is proposed. The proposed approach can also be used to determine the minimum numbers of static var compensator devices that can ensure the operation of power system network within the specified voltage limits. The proposed approach is based on the inherent topology of networks and application of singular value decomposition technique. The results of numerical examples show that buses with the smallest singular values can serve as indicators of the best locations for static var compensators and best node for injection of bulk power without the need for additional transmission lines.

Optimal location of network devices using a novel inherent network topology based technique

This paper demonstrates voltage profile improvement by partitioning the Y-admittance and the application of circuit theory on power system networks. The partitioned Y-admittance matrix and eigenvalue decomposition technique were used to identify the suitable locations for reactive power compensators. The proposed approach was applied to the 40-bus Southwest England network and the results were compared with the classical Q-V sensitivity approach. The proposed approach improves the overall voltage profile towards the nominal voltage limit.

Voltage profile improvement based on network structural characteristics

The Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) performance depends largely on the design choice of state and control weighting matrices (Q and R). However, these matrices are usually selected by the designer through several trial and error iterative processes. This might not guarantee robustness and may increase computational time. This paper proposes a new approach for the optimal determination of the LQR weighting matrices based on weighted artificial fish swarm algorithm (wAFSA), which is then used to obtain an optimal controller for a dynamic nonlinear Inverted Pendulum. In this paper, we first introduce an approach called inertial weight into the standard Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm (AFSA) to adaptively select its parameters (visual and step sizes) thereafter, the modified algorithm was used to determine the optimal values of LQR weighting matrices which was then used to stabilize a non-linear inverted pendulum. Simulation results showed that the proposed method is efficient in determining the weighting matrices of LQR in comparison with the conventional trial-and error approach.

Tajudeen H. Sikiru

Papers

Inherent structural characteristic indices of power system networks

Classification of networks based on inherent structural characteristics

Optimal location of network devices using a novel inherent network topology based technique

Voltage profile improvement based on network structural characteristics

Weighted Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm with Adaptive Behaviour Based Linear Controller Design for Nonlinear Inverted Pendulum