An ironmaking blast furnace is a complex multiphase flow reactor involving gas, powder, liquid and solid phases. Understanding the flow behaviour of these phases is of paramount importance to the control and optimization of the process. Mathematical modelling, often coupled with physical modelling, plays an important role in this development. Yagi1) gave a comprehensive review of the early studies in this area in 1993. Significant progress has since been made, partially driven by the needs in research but mainly as a result of the rapid development of computer and computational technologies. This paper reviews these developments, covering the formulation, validation and application of mathematical models for gas–solid, gas–liquid, gas–powder and multiphase flows. The need for further developments is also discussed.

Modelling of Multiphase Flow in a Blast Furnace: Recent Developments and Future Work

Image processing for on-line monitoring of granule size distribution and shape in fluidized bed granulation

A mesoporous photocatalytic titania (TiO 2 ) membrane on alumina support is successfully fabricated via the sol–gel processing method. Several techniques such as dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction (XRD), TGA, N 2 -sorption, and SEM are utilized to investigate the optimized processing parameters and their influence on the final properties of the developed membrane. The prepared titania sol containing organic additives (HPC and PVA) has an average particle size of 55.6 nm with a narrow distribution. The resulting TiO 2 membrane with thickness of 1 μm exhibits homogeneity with no cracks or pinholes. It also maintains small pore size (4.7 nm), large specific surface area (75 m 2 /g), and small crystallite size (8.3 nm). The permeability and photocatalytic properties of the titania membrane were measured. The permeability coefficient of the fabricated membrane is 30.09 cm 3  min −1  bar −1  cm −2 . These measurements indicate an optimum processing condition for the preparation of the membrane. The prepared titania membrane has a great potential in developing high efficient water treatment and reuse systems because of its multifunctional capability such as decomposition of organic pollutants and physical separation of contaminants.

Titania ultrafiltration membrane: Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity

A new route for the fabrication of TiO2 ultrafiltration membranes with suspension derived from a wet chemical synthesis

Solids behaviour in a gas–solid two-phase mixture flowing through a packed particle bed

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tetsutohagane1955/77/9/77_9_1413/_pdf

Direct Measurement of Ascending Flow of Fines through Packed Bed of Coarse Particles

Control of the pore characteristics of thin alumina membranes with ultrafine zirconia particles prepared by the reversed micelle method

/pdf/percolating-velocity-of-fine-particles-through-packed-bed-of-4izq0wctro.pdf

Takeyuki Yamaki

Papers

Direct Measurement of Ascending Flow of Fines through Packed Bed of Coarse Particles

Control of the pore characteristics of thin alumina membranes with ultrafine zirconia particles prepared by the reversed micelle method

Percolating Velocity of Fine Particles through Packed Bed of Coarse Particles

A probe for detecting the movement of dark-colored particles